LaborManagement Relations Race and Gender Discrimination Unions and
Labor/Management Relations Race and Gender Discrimination Unions and Education
Glass Ceiling n Appearance that top management jobs are available for women but without the reality Equal pay for equal work!
Changing Gender Roles n n More women are in leadership positions than ever before More women graduate from college today than do men Many households have women who make more money than men Many households are headed by stay-athome-dads
Reflection n Consider the so-called glass ceiling and the possible pay gap for women. What still needs to be done to make the workplace more equitable for women? n How does equality in education and work effect families and children? n Do women need to be more “manly” to lead? n
Income Gap n usually the difference between the top 20% of income earners (the top quintile), and the bottom 20% (bottom quintile)
Affirmative Action n Government policies designed to make-up for past discriminations n n n March 6, 1961 Executive Order 10925 makes the first mention of "affirmative action"… Sept. 24, 1965 Executive Order 11246 enforces affirmative action for the first time… n June 28, 1978 Regents of the University of California v. Bakke … n July 2, 1980 Fullilove s. Klutznick… n May 19, 1986 Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education … n Feb. 25, 1987 United States v. Paradise… n Jan. 23, 1989 City of Richmond v. Croson… July 19, 1995 White House guidelines on affirmative action… n March 18, 1996 Hopwood v. University of Texas Law School … n June 23, 2003 The Supreme Court upholds the University of Michigan Law School's policy, ruling that race can be one of many factors considered…
AA Debate n Perhaps the most important lesson I've learned is that there are no airtight, completely coherent, unassailable, and holistic answers on the question of affirmative action. — John Bunzel San Jose State Univ.
AA Pro n Blacks have a 400 -year history on this continent: 250 involving slavery, 100 involving discrimination, and less than 50 involving anything else. — Historian Roger Wilkins George Mason University
AA Con n "Now I may be a mean cuss. But I'm the same mean cuss with everybody out there on that football field. The world don't give a damn about how sensitive these kids are, especially the black kids. You ain't doin' these kids a favor by patronizing them. You're crippling them; you're crippling them for life. " --Coach Boone Remember the Titans
Overview of Argument n Pro n n n Diversity is desirable and won't always occur if left to chance. Students starting at a disadvantage need a boost. Draws people to areas of study and work they may never consider otherwise. Some stereotypes may never be broken without affirmative action. Still need to compensate minorities for centuries oppression n Con n n Leads to reverse discrimination. Lowers standards of accountability needed to push students or employees to perform better. It is condescending to minorities to say they need affirmative action to succeed. It demeans true minority achievement; i. e. success is labeled as result of affirmative action rather than hard work and ability.
Reflection n Comment on Affirmative Action as you understand it. Do you think that America has truly become a color-blind society? n Do we still need affirmative action? n What disadvantages do minority groups still face today? n How can we correct past wrongs without reverse discrimination? n When will the US not need affirmative action anymore? n
Conditions in the Workplace n Old arguments Hours n Wages n Safety n
Working Together for Changes n Labor Union n n Formal organization of workers for meeting employee demands Collective Bargaining Process of union and company representatives meeting to negotiate on behalf of all n “Right to Work” n
When Relations Break Down n Strike n n Mediation n n Organized work stoppage in order to force management to listen to worker demands Neutral third party assists to find compromise Arbitration n Third party makes a binding decision in the negotiation
New Issues in the Workplace n Benefits Health Care n Retirement n n Discrimination African American n Women n Age n Sex n Religion n
Other Discrimination n n People with Disabilities Act Socioeconomic Setbacks Poverty n Health care n Education n n Poor districts n n Rural Urban
Education n Degree Inflation – requiring more years of education to be qualified for the same job Learning Effect – theory that education increases productivity and results in higher wages Screening Effect - theory that the completion of college indicates to employers that a job applicant is intelligent and hard-working
Types of Organizations
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