Labor and Strikes 1919 Thousands of strikes millions

Labor and Strikes • 1919 – Thousands of strikes, millions of strikers – Wages did not keep pace with prices

• A major reason why there were numerous strikes during 1919 A) Overproduction of goods created a work shortage B) Workers wanted higher wages to keep pace with higher prices C) Workers were unhappy with the outcome of World War I D) Factory owners were offering benefits

John L. Lewis “no right to strike against public safety” - Calvin Coolidge, governor of Massachusetts

• When a future president said – “There is no right to strike against the public safety by anyone, anywhere, anytime” – he was responding to the A) coal mine strike B) steel mill strike C) city-wide Seattle strike D) Boston police strike

Seattle General Strike

Seattle's Skinner & Eddy shipyard, "ground zero" for the Seattle General Strike

The 1926 General Strike in the U. K. Government attempted to reduce the wages and benefits of UK coal miners. In response, an unsuccessful strike by over 1. 5 million workers from many industries lasted for nine days.

Decline of Labor Movement • Unions = communism – Red Scare turned public against workers • Hard to organize immigrants • Economy improved • Rise of benefits – “welfare capitalism” – Sick days, vacation time, tuition reimbursement • African-Americans excluded – A. Philip Randolph • Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

• The labor movement lost momentum as the 20 s progressed because A) The pubic was persuaded that unions were a communistic threat B) African-Americans refused to join unions C) immigrants worked in higher paying jobs D) industrial and mass-production workers were no longer part of the economy

• During the 1920 s, some employers adopted a system known as “welfare capitalism, ” which A) all of the answers below B) strengthened the growth of unions C) subsidized housing costs for the poor D) provided workers with shorter workweeks and retirement pensions

• Seattle General Strike http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ef. M 5 Es. ZPfb. A stop at 3: 03 • Boston Police and Air Traffic Controller Strikes – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=k. MS_p-fj 5 y 4 1: 10

• The Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=p. Qv. Fl. EZU 6 s&feature=related 0: 00 – 1: 18; 3: 30 – 4: 15 • Marcus Garvey – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=EAI_x. HY 6 y. Wo stop at 3: 02