Lab Practical Part D Regents Earth Science Im

Lab Practical Part D Regents Earth Science I’m pumped for this part of the Regents!

When? : • You are to report directly to the library. • If you are taking the lab practical 1 st period, you might be up to 10 minutes late to your next class.

Some Simple Rules • • Be ON TIME Do not be absent! Pen AND Pencil! READ DIRECTIONS • There is to be absolutely NO TALKING – If you choose to talk, your exam booklet will be taken from you – You will receive a 0 for this part

What is the Lab Practical? • First part of the Regents Exam (actually is Part D) • Test divided into 3 stations • Students are given 9 minutes per station

Station 1: Mineral and Rock Identification • Using a mineral identification kit, the student will determine the properties of a mineral and will use those properties to identify that mineral from a flowchart. • Using rock identification charts from the Earth Science Reference Tables and the characteristics observed in two rock samples, the student will classify each rock as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic.

Mineral Properties • Luster – metallic or nonmetallic—glassy, dull, pearly • Cleavage or Fracture – are the broken sides of the mineral semi-smooth surfaces, or non-smooth broken surfaces? • Streak – using white streak plate to see color of powdered mineral • Hardness – using glass scratch plate

• • • Luster? Cleavage? Streak? Hardness? Mineral Name?

Luster ?

Cleavage or Fracture ?

Rock Properties and Classification • Classify 2 different rock samples – Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic • State a reason for your classification

Igneous Rocks Basalt Pumice Granite Obsidian

Igneous Rocks: – Crystalline texture – Intrusive and contains coarse crystals – Glassy texture – gas pores or spaces (vesicular)

Sedimentary Rocks Horizontal layering of sediments Limestone Fossil

Sedimentary Rocks: – Horizontal layering of sediments – Clasts, fragments or sediments cemented together. – Fossils – Contain fragments of other rocks cemented/compacted together.

Metamorphic Rocks Quartzite Gneiss Slate Schist

Metamorphic Rocks: – Interconnected mineral crystals WITH layering (foliation) – Shows mineral banding – Distorted or wavy rock structure

Rock Type? One observable characteristic?

Station 2: Locating an Epicenter • Using seismic data, the Earthquake Pwave and S-wave Travel Time graph from the Earth Science Reference Tables, a safe drawing compass, and a map, the student will determine the location of an earthquake epicenter

Rules to Follow 1. Figure out P-wave and S-wave arrival times 2. Subtract (S-time P-time) 3. Take the difference, go to page 11, do the “paper trick” 4. Read down chart to find the epicenter distance 5. Use epicenter distance to draw circle, using compass 6. Where the THREE CIRCLES meet is the epicenter

Time difference= 6 minutes

Using the seismogram (on the previous page) you determined that P & S waves arrived at a seismic station 6 minutes apart. Place your paper along the vertical axis (time) and make small and accurate marks at time 0 and time 6. Remember to keep most of the paper hanging down below the graph.

Now slide your paper until one mark is on the S wave line and the other is on the P wave line. Be absolutely sure that your paper is straight (vertical). Read the distance at the point where the edge of the paper crosses the bottom (distance) axis. Remember that each small box is 200 km. The answer is. . . 4400 km!

One more thing you need to do! Time of origin of earthquake A seismic station is 4000 km from the epicenter of an earthquake. P waves arrive at the station at 2: 48: 00 PM. At what time did the earthquake occur?

First, use the distance to find the P wave travel time. OK, the P waves took 7 minutes to travel the 4000 km distance. If they arrived at 2: 48: 00 and the trip took 7 minutes, they must have started out 7 minutes before 2: 48 PM So subtract. 2: 48: 00 - 7: 00 -------Origin time: 2: 41: 00 PM

Station 3: Constructing and Analyzing an Asteriod’s Elliptical Orbit • Using two pins, a looped string, a metric ruler, and a calculator, the student will construct an ellipse, determine its eccentricity, and apply this information to our solar system.

Measure to the nearest tenth! 0. 1 Calculate e to the nearest thousandth! 0. 001

• Be sure to Read & Measure ACCURATELY • Remember: NO TALKING • Be on time! • Do not be absent!