Lab 5 1 Fractional Distillation What is fractional

Lab 5. 1: Fractional Distillation

$What is fractional distillation? �Separation technique that divides a mixture up into different components$

What is fractional distillation? �Separation technique that divides a mixture up into different components using different boiling points �Each component of the liquid mixture has different boiling points � Higher boiling point = higher temperature to vaporize � Lower boiling point = lower temperature to vaporize �The liquid with the lower boiling point will turn to gas, leave the liquid mixture and condense (cool down) into a collecting tube in a more pure form = distillate

$Fractional Distillation Purpose: To separate a mixture of liquids Hypothesis: If I use fractional$

Fractional Distillation Purpose: To separate a mixture of liquids Hypothesis: If I use fractional distillation to separate liquids in a mixture, then… because…

Materials Pegboard Balance 2 small clamps. Large test tube 6 small test tubes test tube rack Rubber tubing burner and fuel burner stand 3 #2 solid stoppers No. 4 two-hole stopper glass bend 250 ml beaker water matches Isopropyl-water mix graduated cylinder marking pens Boiling chips Sugar (5 g) graduated cylinder Thermometer Bucket Paper towels Large Bucket large clamp paper strips Graph paper glycerine goggles Apron weigh paper spoon

Apparatus for Fractional Distillation

There are 4 parts (A-D) for this lab. Part A & B will be done in one day. Part C another day. Part D another day. Procedure (A) 1. Record observation for what the mixture looks like. 2. Records observation for what the mixture smells like. 3. Dip a splint into the liquid and check the flammability by lighting it on fire. 4. Find the density of the mixture. 5. Dissolve 2. 0 g of sugar in the mixture and observe if it dissolves.

Procedure (B) Add 10 m. L of the liquid mixture into a test tube Add 2 boiling chips to the test tube Heat the test tube to a boil Record temperature of the vapor every half-minute (30 seconds) 5. Boil until dryness 6. Make a graph of temperature vs. time 1. 2. 3. 4.

Data Table

Data Table (B) Time (min) Temp (°C) Time (min) 0. 0 5. 5 0. 5 6. 0 1. 0 6. 5 1. 5 7. 0 2. 0 7. 5 2. 5 8. 0 3. 0 8. 5 3. 5 9. 0 4. 0 9. 5 4. 5 10. 0 5. 0 10. 5 Temp (°C)