La Pregunta How do I talk about a

La Pregunta ? ? How do I talk about a specific past action or event?

/ El Preterito (The Preterite) Talking about specific past actions or events En Español

Uses of the Preterite “Tell What Happened” • • H n. a r e Specific past event/action Physical action Beginning/End of an event/action An interrupting action I jum ped. g. n a s You We la ughe d .

Conjugations of the Preterite Verbs that end in… -ar -é -amos -asteis -ó -aron -er/-ir -í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron

Try it! Conjugate the verb HABLAR using your preterite endings. HABLAR -HABLÉ HABLAMOS HABLASTEIS HABLÓ HABLARON

Now Try… Conjugate the verb COMER using your preterite endings. -COMER COM Í COMIMOS COMISTEIS COM IÓ COMIERON

And Finally. . Conjugate the verb VIVIR using your preterite endings. -VIVIR VIV Í VIVIMOS VIV ISTEIS VIVIÓ VIV IERON

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Canté el coro. I sang en in the choir. Hecomió Él ate lunch el almuerzo in the cafeteria. en la cafetería. We wrote auna Escribimos letter carta to aour nuestra friend. amiga. You read Leíste la revista the magazine en el parque. in the park. Raúl y Emilio watched miraron el the juego baseball de beisbol. game.

-Car -Gar -Zar Words that end in –car, -gar, or –zar have a spelling change in the preterit yo-form of the verb. r a c a S Toca Ju gar r C Emp ezar r a z n e om

-Car -Gar -Zar In the YO-Form of a –car/-gar/-zar verb, a spelling change takes place before adding the regular –ar ending of the verb. This is to preserve the sound that the letters make in the original verb before conjugation.

-Car -Gar -Zar For example: Sacar Sacé X Sacar c Sa é qu Saqué

-Car -Gar -Zar For example: Jugar Jugé X Jugar g Ju é gu Jugué

-Car -Gar -Zar For example: Empezar Empezé X Empezar z Empe é Empecé c

-Car -Gar -Zar Words that end in –car, -gar, or –zar have a spelling change in the preterit yo-form of the verb. -car: c -gar: g -zar: z qu gu c

-Car -Gar -Zar Since they’re all –ar verbs, Simply add your preterit –ar ending after you’ve made the spelling change in the yo-form. -é

Now You Try! Conjugate the verb TOCAR using your preterite endings. Don’t forget your spell change in the yo-form! TOCAR -TOQU É TOCAMOS TOC ASTE TOCASTEIS TOC Ó TOC ARON

Now You Try! Conjugate the verb JUGAR using your preterite endings. Don’t forget your spell change in the yo-form! -JUGAR JUGU É JUGAMOS JUGASTEIS JUGÓ JUGARON

Now You Try! Conjugate the verb COMENZAR using your preterite endings. Don’t forget your spell change in the yo-form! -COMENZAR COMENCÉ COMENZAMOS COMENZASTEIS COMENZÓ COMENZARON

S v r e r r da er I ¡NO ACCENTS ANYWHERE! Irregular verbs in the preterit

S v r e r r da er I These four verbs have irregular conjugations. Rather than chopping off the endings of these verbs and adding on new ones, learn the following conjugations of each verb.

S v r e r To Go Ir r da er I fuimos fuisteis fueron

Ir - To Go fuimos fuisteis fueron

Guess what? !

ser Ir - To Gobe fuimos They’re the fuisteis SAME! fueron

That’s Right! The conjugations of Ir and Ser are the SAME in the PRETERIT!!

SEr Ir - To Go be fuimos fuisteis fueron

S v r To See e r ver r da er I The only irregular thing about Ver in the preterit is that it doesn’t have any accents.

ver - To See vi ¡NO vimos visteis ACCENTS! vio vieron

Dar and Ver are very similar in the preterit.

Da To Give ve r - To See d vimos d visteis d vio d vieron

S v r e r r da er I ¡NO ACCENTS ANYWHERE! Irregular verbs in the preterit

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. I went to the art museum. We saw many sculptures. You gave the waiter a tip. The girls went to a restaurant.

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. Fui al museo arte. I went to thede art museum. Vimos muchas esculturas. We saw many sculptures. (Le) una waiter propinaa al mesero. You Diste gave the tip. Las fueron un restaurante. The chicas girls went to aa restaurant.

Etapa 1. 2 “Super Irregular” Verbs

“Super Irregular” verbs Andar Estar Tener Poder Poner Saber Venir Querer Hacer – – – – – To walk To be To have To be able To put/place To know To come To want To do/make

“Super Irregular” Stems Andar : Estar : Tener : Poder : Poner : Saber : Venir : Querer : Hacer : Anduv. Estuv. Tuv. Pud. Pus. Sup. Vin. Quis. Hic-

Conjugations of the Preterite Verbs that end in… -ar -é -amos -asteis -ó -aron -er/-ir -í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron

Super Irregular Endings -ar New endings -er/-ir -e -amos -asteis -o -aron -í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron

“Super Irregular” endings -e -imos -isteis -o -ieron

“Super Irregular” CONJUGATIONS STEM • • • anduvestuvtuvpudpussupvinquishic- + ENDINGS -e -imos -isteis -o -ieron

Let’s Conjugate! Conjugate the verb ESTAR in the preterite in your notes. estuve estuvimos estuvisteis estuvo estuvieron

Let’s Conjugate! Conjugate the verb SABER in the preterite in your notes. Check your conjugations with your partner.

Let’s Conjugate! How’d you do? supe supimos supisteis supo supieron

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to English: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Marta anduvo por el parque. ¡Tu tuviste tres galletas! Nosotros supimos la respuesta. Yo quise mirar beisbol. Ellos no pudieron ir al cine.

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to English: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Marta walked through the park. You had three cookies! We knew the answer. I wanted to watch baseball. They could not go to the movies.

¡Traducimos! Write these sentences in Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. They wanted to eat lunch. I was in the office. We set the table. You came to my school. Maria walked to Sara’s house.

¡Traducimos! Write these sentences in Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Ellos quisieron comer el almuerzo. Yo estuve en la oficina. Nosotros pusimos la mesa. Tu viniste a mi escuela. Maria anduvo a la casa de Sara.

¡Tarea! Now that you know the 8 Super Irregular preterite verbs, your homework is: 1. Conjugate all 8 verbs in the preterite in your notes.

J-stem Preterit Verbs There a handful of verbs that when conjugated in the preterit, they take on the letter ‘j’. These verbs share similar endings to the Super Irregular Verbs

J-stem Verbs Traer – To bring Decir – To tell Conducir – To drive Producir – To produce – To translate Traducir

J-stem Verb Stems Traer : traj. Decir : dij. Conducir : conduj- Producir : produj: traduj- Traducir

“J-Stem” endings -e -imos -isteis -o -ieron X

“J-Stem” Preterit CONJUGATIONS STEM • • • trajdijcondujprodujtraduj- + ENDINGS -e -imos -isteis -o -eron

Try it! Conjugate the verb Traer in the preterit in your notes. traje trajimos trajisteis trajo trajeron

Try it! Conjugate the Decir in the preterit in your notes. dije dijimos dijisteis dijo dijeron

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to English: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Marta trajo su perro al parque. ¡¿Tu me dijiste una mentira? ! Nosotros condujimos a la escuela. Yo traduje los letreros a inglés. Ellos no produjeron la película.

¡Traducimos! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Marta brought her dog to the park. You told me a lie? ! We drove to school. I translated the sign to English. They did not produce the movie.

¡Traducimos! Read and translate these sentences to Spanish: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. I drove to school in a blue car. He told his mother the truth. We produced the program in Spanish. You brought me a present. Raúl y Emilio translated the book in Spanish.

¡Traducimos! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Conduje a la escuela en un coche azul. Él le dijo la verdad a su madre. Produjimos el programa en español. Tú me trajiste un regalo. Raúl y Emilio tradujeron el libro en español.

Tarea Conjugate all 5 J-stem verbs into your notes. Traer Decir Conducir Producir Traducir

Stem-changing Preterit Verbs E I O U

In the Present Tense where did we make stem-spelling changes?

That’s Right! In the “Boot”.

Present Day Soldiers Wear BOOTS on their feet. In the past, the soldiers wore…

Similiarly, present tense stem changers take place in the boot While past tense preterit verbs take the stem change in only the sandal of the shoe.

In the Past or Preterit. Tense stem-spelling changes occur in the “sandal” of the shoe. E-> I / O-> U

Stem-Spell Change Verbs Competir - To compete Dormir – To sleep Morir – To die Pedir – To ask Preferir – To prefer Repetir Servir – To repeat – To Serve

Stem-Spell Change Verbs Competir - e i Dormir – o u Morir – o u Pedir Preferir – – Repetir Servir – e i e i

Try it! Conjugate the verb Repetir in the preterit in your notes. repetí repetimos repetisteis repitió repitieron

Try it! Conjugate the verb Dormir in the preterit in your notes. dormí dormimos dormisteis durmió durmieron

Stem-Spell Changes I Y Creer - To believe Leer – To read Oír – To hear i y

Try it! Conjugate the verb Leer in the preterit in your notes. leí leimos leisteis leyó leyeron