l Chemical coupling hypothesis Conformational coupling hypothesis Chemiosmotic

氧化磷酸化的作用机制 l 三个假说： 化学偶联假说 Chemical coupling hypothesis 构象偶联假说 Conformational coupling hypothesis 化学渗透学说 Chemiosmotic hypothesis

What is the P/O Ratio? How many ATP made per electron pair through the chain? ☻ e- transport chain yields 10 H+ pumped out per electron pair from NADH to oxygen ☻ 4 H+ flow back into matrix per ATP to cytosol ☻ 10/4 = 2. 5 for electrons entering as NADH ☻ For electrons entering as succinate (FADH 2), about 6 H+ pumped per electron pair to oxygen ☻ 6/4 = 1. 5 for electrons entering as succinate

线粒体外NADH的氧化磷酸化 （1）甘油磷酸穿梭（The glycerol phosphate shuttle）

（2）苹果酸一天冬氨酸穿梭（The malate – aspartate shuttle）