l AIRBUS FANS roadmap for the next decade

l AIRBUS FANS roadmap for the next decade l by Thomas Fixy - Senior Engineer Cockpit Avionics l Airbus Interoperable Modular - Future Air Navigation System l AIM FANS l l l A 330/A 340/A 380 A 318/A 319/A 320/A 321

Contents l Introduction 4 What have we done so far? 4 Challenges and enablers for next decade ATM l Airbus research activities 4 AFAS 4 NUP l Conclusion 4 The roadmap 4 Short term action Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 2

Introduction l What have we done so far?

The solutions that exists today l The architecture : aircraft systems capability for easy evolution towards CNS/ATM 4 Pre. FANS architecture ordered on more than 2000 aircraft to be delivered by 2005 at a rate of 1 a day. 4 Over 600 aircraft in-service presently (as of 3 Q 01). Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 4

AIM-FANS architecture Navigation Sensors Communication Devices AMU ADIRS ATSU FMS** including ACARS function ADF MMR ILS/GPS /DGPS/(MLS) Navigation GPS Crew Interfaces EFIS ECAM DCDU* (ATC displays) Data communication VOR DME Audio AOC/ATC* Datalink VDR Satcom HFDR Mode. S Printer MCDU * introduced with FANS capability only ** new FMS introduced with FANS A Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 5

The solutions that exists today l l The architecture : aircraft systems capability for easy evolution towards CNS/ATM 4 Pre. FANS architecture ordered on more than 2000 aircraft to be delivered by 2005 at a rate of 1 a day. 4 Over 600 aircraft in-service presently (as of 3 Q 01). The Human Machine Interface that supports low and high density environment operations Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 6

Main Aircraft Interfaces 2119 Z FROM KZAK CTL ATC MENU OPEN AT ALCOA CLB TO & MAINT FL 310 < LAT REQUEST < WHEN CAN WE VERT REQ > OTHER REQ > REPORTS > < MSG RECORD *UNABLE <OTHER Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 STBY* < NOTIFICATION ATSU DLK WILCO* < RETURN 7 TEXT > CONNECTION STATUS > EMERGENCY >

The solutions that exists today l l l The architecture : aircraft systems capability for easy evolution towards CNS/ATM 4 Pre. FANS architecture ordered on more than 2000 aircraft to be delivered by 2005 at a rate of 1 a day. 4 Over 600 aircraft in-service presently (as of 3 Q 01). The Human Machine Interface that supports low and high density environment operations The systems : 4 Navigation : RVSM, BRNav basic on all aircraft types 4 Communication : 8. 33 k. Hz certified, VDL 2/AOA to be certified early 2002 on A 320 family and late 2002 on A 330/A 340 4 Surveillance : ACAS, Basic Surveillance to be certified end 2002 4 FANS A installed on all new A 330/340 aircraft Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 8

FANS worldwide implementation Europe (FANS B): Eurocontrol Program Link 2000+ Implementation : 2003 to 2007 L 888 UM 501 Oceanic/desertic area: FANS A routes and services operational LAX US (FANS B): FAA Pgm CPDLC Build 1, 1 A, 2 Implementation : 2003 to 2010 PPT JNB Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 SYD 9

The challenges of today's ATM l Punctuality and schedule integrity l Maximum use of existing capacity in all weather operations l Cost of unstable operations l Institutional and behaviour changes l Maintaining or increasing current safety level Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 10

Key enablers for the future ATM l Repetive routine control/planning tasks performed with limited automation 4 solution : CPDLC + air/ground communication + better ground systems automation l Systems performance sharing : planning and flow capacity determination based on updated 4 D flight plan exchanged between aircraft, airline, ATC, ATS planning; flights based on agreed trajectory; arrival time : "on time, first serve" 4 solution : air/ground system integration + ground/ground coordination + 4 D trajectory control l Saturation of dense airspace, mediocre visibility, reduced landing rates, stabilisation of arrival based on improved landing systems 4 solution : some delegation to pilots (enhanced visual acquisition, cluster control, station keeping), better runway/taxiway situation awareness, procedure/behaviour/instituational changes 4 solution : GLS, MLS Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 11

One integrated Gate to Gate approach First come, First serve On time , First serve CNS/ATM Trajectory Prelimnary coordination (PTC) Trajectory dissemination (FLIPCY 4 D) / ETA/RTA Trajectory Replanning (4 DTR) negociation Surface Enhanced Visual Acquisition (SEVA ) Extended Cluster Control (CC) Station keeping (SK) Visual Acquisition (EVA) GLS, MLS, . . . Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 12

Managing the 4 D trajectory onboard Traffic Domain Strategic Domain Tactical Domain Collision avoidance Domain CREW (Controls) Flight Management Guidance Flight Control Data Link (ATC) CFMU, FDPS, ARR/DEP Manager ~1/2 sec Flight definition ~10 sec ~1 mn 4 D ATM LOOP RTA/[ Contract with Alert/Caution/Warning] Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 >10 mn 13 Piloting (around CG) Guiding (CG vs Trajectory) Navigating (4 D)

The air/ground view Traffic Domain Communication Strategic Domain Tactical Domain MTCD VDL M 4, Mode S(2), UAT VDL, (HFDL, SATCOM) Voice Collision avoidance Domain Radar Ground Monitoring STCA Mode A, C, S Data point Data broadcast to point Collision Avoidance Situational Awareness CREW (Monitoring) CREW (Controls) Flight Management CFMU, FDPS, ARR/DEP Manager 4 D ATM LOOP Guidance Flight Control Data Link (ATC) ~1/2 sec Flight definition ~10 sec ~1 mn RTA/[ Contract with Alert/Caution/Warning] >10 mn Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 14 Piloting (around CG) Guiding (CG vs Trajectory) Navigating (4 D)

AFAS concept

Trajectory control Procedural Guess the current & future a/c positions l l Radar Trajectory Q Q Today Know the current & guess the future a/c position Know the current & future positions A/C to fly predetermined trajectory with intervention only on exception (weather, conflict, …) Promote best use of Aircraft navigation and data communication systems Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 16

From vectoring to trajectory control : control over Arrival slot Time constraint 1 2 Frankfurt TMA boundary Flight Plan CDG Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 4 D FMS trajectory Time constraint 17

Pre-Flight Trajectory Coordination • Uplink of constraints • Downlink of 4 D traj • Downlink of est time off • Departure Clearance Initial coordination of the 4 D trajectory and Estimated Takeoff Time (A/C & ATSU) at the gate. Trajectory consists of FMS Prediction for Lat, Longitude, Altitude, Time, Attributes Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 Benefits: Reduced Delays, Enhanced Schedule Predictability due to Priority RTA Improved Flow Management due to Shared Trajectory Data Issues/Constraints: Requires in-flight flexibility to handle tactical events, environmental changes, and airspace dynamics 18

FLIPCY 4 D • Downlink of 4 D traj • Consistency check and updating of trajectory database Flight plan consistency check 4 D is a standard means for ATSUs to retrieve automatically up-to-date 4 D trajectories from aircraft. Allows pilots to downlink automatically a trajectory that is modified and agreed upon. Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 Benefits: Improved safety due to increased flight plan consistency checking and early conflict detection Reduced delays and predictability due to availability of real-time 4 D trajectory data for flow management, strategic planning, and tactical control Ensures Priority RTA is realized Issues/Constraints: Requires ground system data link to aircraft or other ground systems 19

4 D Trajectory Replanning • Uplink of constraints • Downlink of 4 D traj • Uplink of new clearance • Updating of trajectory database Benefits: Provides in-flight flexibility to handle tactical events, flight technical considerations, environmental changes, and airspace dynamics KEEPING THE FMS IN THE LOOP. Provides a means to negotiate a trajectory change even in busy airspace where R/T usage is high. Ensures realization of Priority RTA Issues/Constraints: Constraints from ATS to aircraft must not be open ended Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 20 Inflight replanning for ATS and pilots to change speed, heading, altitude, attributes or waypoints along a flight.

NUP concept

Considered Services l Four Services 4 Extended Visual Acquisition 4 Cluster Control 4 Station Keeping 4 Surface Extended Visual Acquisition CC SK SK EVA SEVA TAXIING Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 OFF CLIMB CRUISE 22 DESCENT APPROACH TAXIING

The challenges of ADS-B and ASAS l l Services are still being worked: definition, operational concept, etc. Use of basic aircraft parameters on the ground have been discussed for years; still no implementation! HMI : merge of TCAS and ADS-B information, clutter of information, representation of many parameters (state, intent, etc) Safety 4 Definition of an architecture requires establishment of needs/performance/safety requirements leading to a safety analysis : new methodology to address air/air communication environment 4 Exisiting aircraft system will need significant improvement and may require upgrade of criticality level e. g. åcalculation of position becomes critical åstation keeping requires control loops with autopilot/flight controls Delegation of responsibility : institutional issues, human issues, cockpit operations Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 27

Conclusion

Road map FANS A ongoing discussions with airlines 2001 FANS B step 1 Communication CNS/ATM Baseline 1 FANS B step 2 NAV 4 D with RTA constraint RESEARCH Situation awareness (CDTI) AFAS ASAS concept with delegation (cluster control, etc) 2003 2000 FANS B step 3 2015? NUP 2001 2005 GROUND DEPLOYMENT US : FAA B 1 A Europe : Link 2000+ Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 FAA ADLS II-3 4 D trajectory / ADS Program 29 ASAS Airspace delegation

Accronyms l l l l l ACARS Aircraft Communication Addressing & Reporting System ADLS Aeronautical Data Link System ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance AFAS Aircraft in the Future Air traffic management System AIM FANS Airbus Interoperable Modular FANS AOC Airline Operational Communication ASAS Airborne Separation Assurance System ATC Air Traffic Control ATM Air Traffic Management ATN Air Traffic Network Ai. RBUS 441. 0317/01 l l l l l 30 CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information CNS Communication Navigation Surveillance CPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link Communication FANS Future Air Navigation System FMS Flight Management System GLS : GPS Landing System MLS : Microwave Landing System NUP North European ADS B network Update Program SARPS Standard And Recommended Practices VMC Visual Meteorologic Condition

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