KS 4 Urban Land use These icons indicate

KS 4 Urban Land use These icons indicate that teacher’s notes or useful web addresses are available in the Notes Page. This icon indicates that the slide contains activities created in Flash. These activities are not editable. For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation. 1 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Learning objectives What is a land use model? Why does land use vary within an urban area? What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)? What are the characteristics of the inner city? What are the characteristics of the suburbs? 2 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Land use models Why do geographers study models? Geographers use models to help them understand reality. Land use models tell us where we might expect to find different land uses like high quality housing or industry. They also help to explain the pattern of growth of a city. 3 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Land use models – Concentric Model Burgess based his studies on Chicago. He claimed that most towns and cities grow outwards from an old centre and equally in all directions. original settlement In Britain, many towns grew rapidly in the nineteenthand twentieth-centuries. Why do you think that was the case? 4 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Concentric Model This inner city area is also known as the ‘Zone of Transition’ or the ‘Twilight Zone’. inner city suburbs 5 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Urban growth 6 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Concentric Model 7 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Land use models – Sector Model Hoyt developed his model after the introduction of public transport. He claimed that land uses developed in sectors along main transport routes. 8 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Urban models 1) Which of these models is the ‘Concentric Model’? 2) What labels are missing from the key? 3) List the similarities and differences between the models. 9 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Learning objectives What is a land use model? Why does land use vary within an urban area? What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)? What are the characteristics of the inner city? What are the characteristics of the suburbs? 10 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Why does land use vary? Land values are a major influence on land use patterns. 11 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Why does land use vary? Land values are a major influence on land use patterns, but they are not the only factor: Land values Space Age Accessibility Wealth of the inhabitants Planning policies 12 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Simple transect across a city suburbs 13 of 32 inner city CBD inner city suburbs © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Learning objectives What is a land use model? Why does land use vary within an urban area? What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)? What are the characteristics of the inner city? What are the characteristics of the suburbs? 14 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

The Central Business District (CBD) What do you expect to find in a CBD? Study the following slide. Write down the characteristics of a CBD. 15 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

The Central Business District (CBD) 16 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

The Central Business District (CBD) CBD Characteristics 1) Concentration of shops and offices 2) High price of land 3) Buildings are tall with multiple uses. 4) Often the zone with the oldest buildings 5) Concentration of traffic and pedestrians 6) Little residential land use 7) Nodal point for transport routes 8) CBD is constantly changing. 17 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Characteristics of the CBD 18 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Learning objectives What is a land use model? Why does land use vary within an urban area? What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)? What are the characteristics of the inner city? What are the characteristics of the suburbs? 19 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Inner city Describe these typical inner city scenes. Why is the inner city also called the ‘Zone of Transition’? The inner city includes a variety of land uses. Originally it used to be an area of nineteenth-century terraced housing for factory workers. Some of this housing has been now replaced with high rise flats. 20 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Inner city 21 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Inner city housing Why do you think the housing was built in this way? 22 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Learning objectives What is a land use model? Why does land use vary within an urban area? What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)? What are the characteristics of the inner city? What are the characteristics of the suburbs? 23 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

The suburbs grew most rapidly in the UK with the growth of the rail network. This allowed people easier access to the city centre for work and recreation. The suburbs contain a mixture of housing which tends to be more spacious and modern than the housing found in the inner city. We can divide the suburbs into inner and outer suburbs. inner suburbs – ‘inter-war’ housing (1920 -1945) 24 of 32 outer suburbs – post-war housing and council housing estates © Boardworks Ltd 2005

The suburbs Why do you think people moved to the suburbs from the inner city? Such movement is called ‘suburbanisation’. 25 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Housing in the suburbs Describe the pattern of housing in the suburbs. How does it differ to traditional inner city housing areas? 26 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Inner city or the suburbs? 27 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Urban zones 28 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Urban zones 29 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

In which urban zone/s are you likely to find… a shop open at 2 am? cul-de-sacs? the highest buildings? a castle? a museum? the cathedral? an old warehouse? houses with large gardens? a department store? a small corner shop? golf courses? 30 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Urban land use – what do you know? 31 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005

Key ideas! Land use models tell us where we might expect to find different land uses and help to explain the pattern of growth of a city. Burgess noted that urban areas grow outwards from an old centre in the concentric model. Hoyt said that growth occurred along transport routes in his sector model. Several factors influence land use patterns, especially land values. In the CBD there are shops, offices and entertainments. In the inner city there is nineteenth-century terraced housing and industry, warehousing and high-rise flats. In the suburbs there is modern/high class housing, new industrial estates/science and business parks, and shopping. 32 of 32 © Boardworks Ltd 2005