Kosovo War Where is Kosovo History of Yugoslavia

Kosovo War

Where is Kosovo?

History of Yugoslavia � 1945 – SFRY was � formed � about Federation’s 1980 – After Tito’s disorganization death � 1991 – 4 of Yogoslav’s countries � 2002 – Agreement 1992 – New Yugoslavia(Serbia. Montenegro) � 2006 - Disorganization

Kosovo? � Around � The 90% of people are Albanians president of Serbia Milosevic deprive Kosovo of autonomy (1989) � Kosovo wanted to fusion with Albania �May, 1992 they hold a general election �Organize KLA, armed strike � Early in 90 s they wanted to independent

Kosovo? � Albanian separatists started to attack Serb police(March, 1998) � The ethnic cleansing(Sept, 1998) � International community blamed Milosevic � Peace talks – Serbs refuse to sign(Feb, 1999) � NATO’s ultimatum(22 nd March, 1999) � Milosevic and Serb assembly admitted peace treaty(June, 1999)

Think about it � During NATO’s attack to Serbs, there were more and more Albanian casualties � Without UNSC’s resolution � Repeat only airstrikes � No casualty in NATO � No benefit? No action!

What is Kosovo’s status now? � Kosovo has been administered by the UN since 1999 why was no deal reached? � Kosovo would accept nothing but full independence � Serbia was only prepared to offer broad autonomy

What did the UN propose? The UN’s special envoy Martti Ahtisaari offered Kosovo “supervised independence” in April - steer Kosovo towards full independence and membership of the UN - prevent Kosovo from combining with Albania - guaranteed places for the Serb minorities in local government and parliament � →Serbia and Russia oppose the Ahtisaari plan…

When will Kosovo declare Independence？ � In � January or February Envisages a transitional period of 120 days →a new constitution would be adopted and safeguards erected to guarantee the Serb minority’s right � After the 120 -day period ends – in late April or June, Kosovan independence would be effective

What will happen to the Serb minority? � There is already a partition in the Serb-dominated areas of Kosovo, north of the Ibar river � Serbs in the region may declare their own autonomous � Barricades might be erected But some 60, 000 Serbs live in south of the Ibar river – and some 5, 000 ethnic Albanians live in the north of it

How far could it spread? � The 60% of Kosovo Serbs who live south of the Ibar river might violently driven from their homes � The expulsion of ethnic Albanians living in north Kosovo, and in the Presevo and Bujanovac regions of southern Serbia

The effects on other countries � Separatists in other parts of the world would feel their case was strengthened � Serbia and Russia will not recognize an independent Kosovo � Serbia has threatened sanctions against countries that recognize Kosovo’s independence

How do the international communities work for Kosovo? � Nato, which has 16, 000 peacekeepers in Kosovo, has pledged a strong response to any outbreak of violence � The EU is expected to gradually take over many of the UN’s duties, though some form of UN presence is likely to remain � EU plans to have an “international civilian office” in Kosovo to supervise the implementation of the Ahtisarri plan

references � http: //www. wikipedia. org � http: //www. cia. gov � http: //www. youtube. com � http: //www. google. com