Kompetensi Umum Mahasiswa memahami definisi sensor dan aktuator

Kompetensi Umum Mahasiswa memahami definisi sensor dan aktuator Mahasiswa memahami peranannya dalam dunia industri

Definisi SENSOR dapat mendeteksi/mengukur besaran fisik mengubah menjadi sinyal listrik ‘SENSOR' is `a device that ………………. . detects a change in a physical stimulus and turns it into a signal which can be measured or recorded q. TRANDUSER bentuk energi #1 -> bentuk energi #2 ‘TRANSDUCER' is 'a device that ……………. . transfers power from one system to another in the same or in the different form Transducers are ENERGY CONVERTERS or MODIFIERS What is the difference ?

Transduser Sensor § Transducer Primary Energy Forms: a device that detects/measures a signal or stimulus acquires information from the “real world” Sound Electric Mechanical Optical Chemical Thermal Nuclear etc. Actuator a device that generates a signal or stimulus § take form of a sensor or an actuator intelligent feedback system actuator sensor real world

Sensor Typically interested in electronic sensor § Mengubah parameter yg diinginkan menjadi sinyal listrik terukur § Sensor Elektronik secara Umum § primary transducer: changes “real world” parameter into electrical signal § secondary transducer: converts electrical signal into analog or digital values real world primary analog transducer signal secondary transducer usable values sensor • Typical Sistem Sensor Elektronik input signal (measurand) sensor data analog/digital microcontroller signal processing communication network display

Contoh Sistem Sensor Elektronik § Berbagai komponen & aplikasi § digital sensor within an instrument § microcontroller § signal timing § data storage § analog sensor analyzed by a PC keypad sensor µC sensor signal timing memory display handheld instrument § multiple sensors displayed over internet sensor interface sensor e. g. , RS 232 PC A/D, communication signal processing comm. card internet sensor processor comm. sensor bus PC comm. card sensor bus sensor processor comm.

Klasifikasi Sensor Based on sinyal conditioning & power source: Active Sensor memerlukan external power untuk membangkitkan sinyal listrik dlm merespon besaran terukur Passive Sensor dpt langsung membangkitkan sinyal listrik dalam merespon besaran terukur (stimulus)

Klasifikasi Sensor Based on level transduction : Primary Secondary

Aplikasi

Aplikasi

Input Transducer: The Sensor How do we make measurements? Measurements are made using input transducers to convert variations of one physical form to those of another, i. e. an energy converter. The science of measurement is called metrology. Example measurands include: • acceleration • linear or angular position • light intensity • pressure • sound • stress, strain or force • temperature

Input Transducer: The Sensor

Input Transducer: The Sensor How do we make measurements? Measurements are made using input transducers to convert variations of one physical form to those of another, i. e. an energy converter. The science of measurement is called metrology. Example measurands include: • acceleration • linear or angular position • light intensity • pressure • sound • stress, strain or force • temperature

Instrumentation & Control

Primary and Secondary Sensors

Passive Sensor

Active Sensor

Classify …

Sensor Characteristics • Accuracy • Absolute error • Relative error • Precision • Repeatability • Resolution • Sensitivity • Linearity • Range

Accuracy & Precision

Terminologi § § § § § Sensitivity error Range Precision Resolution Accuracy Offset Linearity Hysterisis

Typical sensor dan keluarannya PROPERTY SENSOR KLASIFIKASI OUTPUT Temperatur Acceleration Thermocouple Silicon RTD Thermistor Strain Gage Piezoelectric Accelerometer Passive Active Passive Active Voltage/Current Resistance Voltage Capacitance Position LVDT Active AC Voltage Light Intensity Photodiode Passive Current Force/Pressure

Kalibrasi(Calibration) offset § Sensor kondisi non ideal § offset: nominal output ≠ nilai nominal parameter § nonlinearity: output not linear dng perubahan parameter § cross parameter sensitivity: secondary output variation with, e. g. , temperature § Calibration = mengatur keluaran hingga sesuai dng parameter sebenarnya § analog signal conditioning § look-up table § digital calibration § T = a + b. V +c. V 2, § T= temperature; V=sensor voltage; § a, b, c = calibration coefficients T 1 ar line ear non-lin T 2 T 3

Kesimpulan § Sensor ? § Transduser ? § Klasifikasi ? § Kalibrasi ?