Kompetensi Profesi Teknik Industri 10312021 Kompetensi Insinyur TISritomo

Kompetensi Profesi Teknik Industri 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 1

Labor Capital Land Industri …. . industri adalah lokasi (tempat) dimana aktivitas produksi akan diselenggarakan …. . Aktivitas produksi …. sekumpulan aktivitas yang diperlukan untuk merubah satu kumpulan masukan (inputs) menjadi produk luaran akhir (finished goods output) yang memiliki nilai tambah 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 2

Sistem Input-Output Proses Produksi “Black Box” Inputs - Formulasi Problem yang Menjadi Tanggung-Jawab Profesi Teknik Industri - Proses Transformasi (Fisik & Non-Fisik) - Proses Nilai Tambah (Fungsi & Ekonomis) - Aktivitas Produktif >< Non-Produktif Finished Goods Output Waste 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 3

Diagram Sistem Input-Output Proses Produksi Value Added (Functional & Economical) . Material. Human. Machines/ Equipment. Information. Energy 10/31/2021 Proses Produksi Finished Goods Products * Factory * Hospital * Bank/Insurance * Transportation/Distribution * Dan Lain-Lain Services Transformation Process (Fisik & Non-Fisik) Waste, Defects, etc Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 4

“Diagram Sistem Industri” Environment Standard Performance * Quality * Costs * Time Delivery Proses Manajemen . Material. Human. Machines/ Equipment. Information. Energy 10/31/2021 Proses Produksi Finished Goods Products Services Waste, Defects, etc Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 5

Aktivitas Produksi Ditinjau dari Proses Aliran Uang Income Modal Kerja (Before Tax) Dividends Tax (Working Capital) Bhn Baku Tenaga Energi Kerja Long Term Capital Assets Informasi, dll Capital (Depresiasi) Proses Produksi/Operasional (Proses Konversi Uang Menjadi Produk yang Memiliki Nilai Tambah) Finished Goods Product Proses Distribusi & Pemasaran/Penjualan (Proses Konversi Produk Menjadi Uang) 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 6

Chronological Development of Production Technology (Hardware) and Production Methodology (Software) Degree of Development Present Space Technology x Electronic Computer x Charles Babbage Steam Adam Smith Engine x xx 1750 10/31/2021 1800 X 1850 x Development curve for methodology (software) x Line Balancing Standardization and interchangeability Internet/ Information Technology Development curve for technology (hardware) Operation Research x x TQC/QCC Elton Mayo x Frank & Lillian FW Taylor Gilbreth xx 1900 1950 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 2000 Time 7

COMPETENCE ? Teach me, I will understand Show and let me do it, and I will competent 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 8

Kompetensi Diri Unit integral dari aspek pengetahuan (knowledge), kemahiran/ketrampilan (skill), dan sikap pribadi (attitude) yang perlu dimiliki untuk diaplikasikan dalam pemenuhan standard kerja di suatu pekerjaan 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 9

Komponen Kompetensi • Pengetahuan (knowledge) – • • apa yang dipelajari Kemahiran/ketrampilan (skill) – kemampuan menggunakan secara praktis mengenai apaapa yang dipelajari Sikap pribadi (attitude) – ciri/nilai pribadi dan sifat individu yang membentuk perilaku kerja. 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 10

Perkembangan Atribut Kompetisi Daya saing perusahaan ? Kemampuan perusahaan untuk menciptakan dan Mempertahankan superioritas terhadap kompetitorsnya dalam persaingan pasar Cost 1800 10/31/2021 Quality 1960 Delivery 1970 Flexibility/ Innovation Responsiveness 1980 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 1990 2000 11

Kompetisi - Daya Saing - Operation Management Global Competition Daya Saing Cost Quality Delivery Flexibility/ Responsiveness Innovation Operation Management 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 12

Industrial engineer is synonymous with systems integrator ( a big picture thinker, in other words). It’s an employee who takes what exists today and conceptualizes what exist in the future. IEs spend most of their time out in the real operating environment, coming up with scientific approaches to problems rather than seat-of-the pants, temporary solutions (The Institute of Industrial Engineers, 2001) 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 13

Definisi Teknik Industri System Specify - Predict - Evaluate People Engineering Analysis & Design (Mathematical - Physical - Social) Materials Information Energy Machines & Equipment Design - Improvement - Installation 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 14

Karakteristik Keilmuan TI • TI memberikan peluang untuk bekerja dalam berbagai jenis • • bidang kerja (bisnis/ industri). Aspek yang paling menonjol dari disiplin TI adalah “flexibility” dalam aplikasi ilmu TI (all share the common goal of saving companies money and increasing efficiencies). Dalam kondisi dimana banyak manajer perusahaan menghadapi masalah peningkatan daya saing, maka mereka harus mampu memperbaiki kualitas/produktivitas, menekan biaya, dan mempercepat waktu penyerahan barang. Disini diperlukan lulusan TI, karena disiplin TI memang mengajarkan kompetensi dan/atau kemampuan (spesialis) untuk permasalahan ini (eliminate waste of time, money, materials, energy, and other commodities). Disiplin TI diharapkan mampu “menyelamatkan” uang perusahaan, itu sebabnya banyak perusahaan yang kemudian merekrut lulusan TI dan mempromosikan dalam posisi manajemen karena orang-orang TI dianggap bisa memahami proses tetapi juga sekaligus melihat proses produksi tidak hanya sebagai proses aliran material (material flow) namun juga sekaligus sebagai proses aliran uang (cash flow). Industrial engineers figure out how to do things better; they engineer processes and systems that improve quality and productivity. 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 15

PERAN INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS • Engineering role : (1) Design (production • • • system, service system, methods/work, facilities, product, etc); (2) Operation (productivity, quality, reliability, maintenance, etc). Business Role (Development) : system, culture, organization, entrepreneurial, R & D, etc. Financial Role : financial structuring. Strategic Role : product development/diversification, marketing strategy, alliance/partnership/collaboration, human development, etc. 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 16

Ruang Lingkup Profesi Teknik Industri • Human Activity System Design Berkaitan dengan area kerja fisik dimana kegiatan produksi (interaksi sistem manusia-mesin) dilaksa nakan. Perancangan fasilitas produksi (layout), manufacturing processes, methods engineering, ergonomics, etc. • Management Control System Design 10/31/2021 Berkaitan dengan prosedur perencanaan, pengu kuran dan pengendalian produksi, cost analysis & control, Kompetensi management information system, etc. Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 17

Phase-Phase Perkembangan Aktivitas Produksi di Industri Phase-Phase Perkembangan Macam & Volume Produk Area Lokasi Pemasaran Sifat Perubahan Terjadi Periode Job Order Customized, kecil, terbatas Lokal Tersendat, trial & error Sebelum revolusi industri Mass Production Standard, seri, batch, massal Regional Mass Marketing Diversifikasi, banyak model Nasional Cepat 1930 - 1950 Global/ Internasional Turbulent 1950 - Skg Mass Sangat terdiver Customization sifikasi & masal 10/31/2021 Revolusi Lambat, Scientific Method Industri - 1930 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 18

Kronologis Perkembangan Disiplin Teknik Industri Phase Perkembangan Problematik, Kasus, Konsep, atau Pengembangan Teori Revolusi Industri (1750 -1900 -an) Mekanisasi Proses-2 Produksi, Interchange-ability Parts, Standardisasi Produk (awal Mass Production) Scientific Management (1890 - 1930 -an) Time & Motion Studies, Organization (Functional) Design, Production Planning & Scheduling, Inventory Model (EOQ), Statistical QC, Line Balancing, etc. Industrial Engineering (1930 -1950 -an) Tool Design, Engineering Economy, Human Engineering (Ergonomics), Facilities Location & Layout, Queuing Theory, Analyzing Productivity, Management Controls, etc Operations Research (1945 -1970 -an) Digital Computer, Mathematical Programming, Reliability Analysis, Decision/Optimization Theory, System Engineering, Automation, Mgmt Information System, etc. Industrial & System Engineering Control Theory, Large-Scale System, Total System Design, Social System, Cybernetics, Behavioral Theory 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto Skala Pandang MIKRO & MAKRO 19

The Role of the Industrial Engineers in Integrating New Technologies (1960 - 1980) 100% Perbaikan Metode Perbaikan Metoda & Penyederhanaan Kerja dan Penyederhanaan Rekayasa Kerja Proyek 50% 0% Rekayasa Proyek Analisa Finansial Rancangan Fasilitas Perenc. Sistem Non-Mfg Standard-2 Tenaga Kerja Tak Langsung Rekayasa Proyek Tata Letak Pabrik (Layout) Std TK Tak Langsung Standard-2 Tenaga Kerja Langsung (Waktu, Output, Upah, dll) 1960 10/31/2021 1965 Desain SIM Persediaan Manajemen Persediaan Standard-2 Tenaga Kerja Langsung 1970 Std TK Tak Langsung Standard-2 TK Langsung 1975 Sumber : Pritsker, AB. Defining the Role of the Industrial Engineer in Integrating New Technologies. Journal of Industrial Engineering, December 1985. Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 1980 20

The Role of the Industrial Engineers in Integrating New Technologies 100% (1980 - 2000) Strategic Planning Management Control 50% Operational Control 0% 1980 10/31/2021 Operational Control 1985 Operational Control 1990 Operational Control 1995 Sumber : Pritsker, AB. Defining the Role of the Industrial Engineer in Integrating New Technologies. Journal of Industrial Engineering, December 1985. Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 2000 21

Kompetensi Teknik Industri Menyongsong Masa Depan Sumber: Sinks, DS. Can IE’s Become Master of Change? Journal Industrial Engineering, December 1985 Teknik Industri Aliran Tradisional - Work Measurement - Methods Engineering - Human Factors Engineering - Operation Research Teknik Industri Aliran Modern + (plus) - Engineering Economy + (plus) - Manufacturing Processes, + (plus) Inventory Control, Facilities Planing, Production Control - Quality Control, Reliability + (plus) and Statistics - Productivity Improvement + (plus) - Computers Programming, + (plus) Industrial Organization/Mgmt 10/31/2021 Performance & Productivity Measurement Operation Analysis, I/O Analysis, etc Socio -Technical System Design Mgmt Support System Design, Development and Facilitation Capital Productivity Management Manufacturing Systems Mgmt, Productivity Management Quality Management (Total) Strategic Planning/Mgmt, etc Corporate Finance, Cost Analysis, Organization Development/Behavior, Industrial Psychology Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 22

What Do IEs Do ? • As a management engineer in a hospital, you may help • • • doctors and nurses make the best use of their time in treating patients. You may also design procedures for optimum use of medical facilities to help bring the cost of healthcare down. As an ergonomist in a television manufacturing plant, you may change the tools workers use to assemble televisions to reduce the risk of repetitive stress injuries. As an operations analysts for an airline, you may design a bar coding system for identifying and transporting passengers’ luggage to ensure that it does not get lost. As a quality engineer for a public gas and electric company, you may improve customer satisfaction by designing a process to schedule service calls around the availability of the customer. 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 23

Ruang Lingkup Aktivitas Profesi Teknik Industri (What Do IEs Do? ) Think technically, global view and flexible concept Doing more, less and less Business Profitability Process Design, Analysis & Improvement Quality Engineering, Management & Improvement Production Simulation and Modeling Ergonomic Analysis & Improvement System Approach Management Information System Cost Analysis & Reduction Program Production Planning and Inventory Control Decision Analysis Human Resources Management Facilities Planning, Design & Layout Organization Development & Industrial Management Work Method and Measurement Product Design and Development Value Analysis/ Engineering 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto Efficiency and Productivity Improvement ? 24

“Successful industrial engineers must possess the ability to communicate effectively, for without it you cannot sell your ideas. You must be able to manage projects and multiple tasks, for without those skills you will be able less efficient and of less use to your employer. You must be able to observe others and understand why they are doing what they do, for without that change is an uphill battle” (Advice from an IIE Member) 10/31/2021 Kompetensi Insinyur TI/Sritomo W. Soebroto 25