KOMENDA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION EBS 243 CURRICULUM STUDIES

KOMENDA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION EBS 243: CURRICULUM STUDIES IN MATHEMATICS TUTOR: DANIEL KOFI NKUM

UNIT 3 TOPIC: SELECTION AND SEQUENCING OF SUBJECT MATTER IN MATHEMATICS OUTCOME INDICATORS By the end of this unit students will be able to: 1. Demonstrate understanding of the subject aims NTS 1 a, b, f; 2 c, d, e, f; 3 b, c, e, f, g, h, i, j) Explain the relationship between subject aims and content standard and their implications for mathematics pedagogy NTS 1 a, b, f; 2 c, d, e, f; 3 b, c, e, f, g, h, i, j) Demonstrate understanding of the values Of teaching mathematics 1. Mention the four types of subject aims 2. Explain, giving examples, of two types of subject aims 1. Deduce some content standard and subject aims 2. Compare and contrast the content standard and subject aims of the JHS and primary syllables 3. State some specific content standard for topics in the JHS syllabus 1. mention the four values of teaching mathematics 2. Explain, giving examples, of two types of values of teaching mathematics

Values of Teaching Mathematics o Values in mathematics education are the deep affective qualities which education fosters through the school subject of mathematics. o They appear to survive longer in peoples’ memories than does conceptual and procedural knowledge, which unless it is regularly used tends to fade (Bishop, 2008).

Values of Teaching Mathematics Values are the outcomes or results achieved after teaching according to certain aims. They are the actual results of our teaching effort. • Practical or Utilitarian values • Intellectual values • Social values • Moral values • Disciplinary values • Cultural values • International values • Aesthetic values • Preparatory/Vocational • Psychological values

Values of Teaching Mathematics 1. Practical or Utilitarian Value Ø Everybody uses mathematics in their daily life. Ø Any person who is ignorant of mathematics can be easily cheated. He will always be at the mercy of others. Ø We have to make purchases daily. We buy cloth, food items, fruit, vegetables, grocery etc. We have to calculate how much we have to pay for everything. Ø Mathematics is needed by all of us whether rich or poor, high or low.

Values of Teaching Mathematics Ø Not to speak of engineers, bankers, accountants, businessman, planners etc. , even petty shopkeepers, carpenters and laborers need mathematics not only for earning their livelihood but also to spend wisely and save for future. Ø Whoever earns and spends uses mathematics. Ø We are living in a world of measurements. We have to measure lengths, areas, volumes and weights. We have to fix timings, prices, wages, rates, percentages, targets, exchanges etc. Ø In the absence of these fixations, the life in the present complex society will come to a standstill.

Values of Teaching Mathematics Just think if a fairy descends on earth and removes all mathematics. There will be no calendar, no maps, no accounts, no fixations or measurements, no industrial activity, no plans or projects. Thus we see that mathematics has tremendous value or application in our daily life. It is essential for leading a successful social life.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 2. Intellectual values Ø Develops intellectual powers: • imagination • Memorization • Observation • Invention • Concentration • Originality • Creativity • reasoning Ø If a child faces mathematical problems, his mind become active in solving that problem.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 3. Social values Ø Social values can be acquired • Tolerance • Open mindedness • Objectivity • Honesty • Truthfulness • Co-operation • Will power Ø Organization and maintenance of social institutions • banks • co-operations • Railways • post offices

Values of Teaching Mathematics 4. Moral values Ø Develops moral qualities: • Honesty • Truthfulness • Justice • Dutifulness • Punctuality • self confidence • power of distinguishing between right and wrong • Cleanness • Patience • listening to others • respect to others

Values of Teaching Mathematics Ø Deprives off the feelings of jealousy, hate etc. Ø Ability in arguing on the correctness and incorrectness of a statement.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 5. Disciplinary Values Mathematics is the way to settle in the mind a habit of reasoning • As mathematical knowledge is exact, logical, real and to that point, it creates discipline in a human mind. • Develops an ability to grasp a situation, to analyze the situation and to perceive correctly the state of affairs

Values of Teaching Mathematics Ø Helps the students to imbibe qualities: • Simplicity • Accuracy • Certainty of results • Originality • Similarity to reasoning in life • Verification of results • Concentration of mind

Values of Teaching Mathematics 6. Cultural values “Mathematics is the mirror of civilization” Ø By the culture of a nation or society we mean the mode of living of its inhabitants. Ø Helps in promoting cultural heritage and transmitting it to future generation. Ø The welfare of our civilization is almost depends upon scientific and mathematical developments. Ø Helped in the development of various subjects and occupations.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 7. International values Ø Mathematicians research their mathematical ideas from one nation to another nation. Ø Mathematician’s books and journals are circulated among almost all the nations of the world.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 8. Aesthetic values Ø One gets pleasure in solving mathematical problems, especially when he get correct answers to his problems. Ø Different symmetric designs by Ramanujan are a source of great pleasure Ø Eg: 1 x 9 + 2 = 11 12 x 9 + 3 = 111 123 x 9 + 4 = 1111

Values of Teaching Mathematics Ø Mathematics is closely related with arts like drawing, painting, music etc Ø All musical instruments like harmonium, drum, flute, guitar, violin etc are played with the rules of mathematics.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 9. Preparatory/Vocational values Ø Mathematics has great vocational values. Ø Study of mathematics prepares the students for a wide variety of vocations. Ø It finds extensive application in all vocations like: • Agriculture • Accountancy • Banking • Business • Engineering • information technology • Tailoring • Carpentry • surveying etc.

Values of Teaching Mathematics 10. Psychological values Ø Mathematics helps to develop positive attitudes such as open mindedness, reasoning etc. Ø The learning of mathematics is based on fundamental principles of psychology such as learning by doing learning through experiences and problem solving etc.

Values of Teaching Mathematics Values in mathematics broadly speaking can be put into four sub headings namely: ü Practical values ü Preparatory values ü Disciplinary values ü Cultural values

Values of mathematics in the CCP Every part of the new curriculum, including the related pedagogy is consistent with the following set of values: Ø Respect Ø Diversity Ø Equity Ø Commitment to achieving excellence Ø Teamwork/Collaboration Ø Truth and Integrity (Na. CCA, MOE, 2020)

Values of Teaching Mathematics Learning of mathematics results in the development of a number of fruitful values in the students. Only a resourceful teacher of mathematics with his deliberate efforts and planning can make it possible for the students to realize these values.

Self-assessment Explain the four educational values of the mathematics curriculum State two specific aims under each value

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