Knowledge Skills Attitudes needed to practice as Engineers

Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes needed to practice as Engineers Professionally Speaker: Dr Sam Man Keong (岑文强) Singapore Institute of Engineering Technologists (SIET) Website: www. siet. org. sg Email: sammk 1951@gmail. com Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 1

Highlights • • • About the Speaker – Dr Sam Man Keong What is Knowledge (知识)? What is Skills (技能)? What is Attitude (态度)? What is Competence (能力) ? Professional Registration: Why? UK-SPEC: CEng standard What is a Professional Review? Questions & Answers Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 2

About the Invited Guest Speaker : Dr Sam Man Keong, Hon Secretary (SIET) • BE(Civil)(Hons), MSc(Civil), MSc(Geot. Eng), Ed. D. • CEng, FIET, MICE, MIMMM, MCIHT, MCIOB, FSPE, PEng(UK), FBEng, CEnv, FCQI, CQP, CMath, MIMA, CSci, FSIET(F), Asean Engineer. • HP: (65) 96740515 • Email: sammk 1951@gmail. com Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 3

Knowledge + Skills + Attitudes èProfessional Competence (专业能力) Performance = Potential – Interference/Interruption Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 4

What is Knowledge (知识) ? • According to Webster's Dictionary, knowledge is "the fact or condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association". • Criteria : it must be justified, true, and believed. Personification of knowledge (Greek Επιστημη, Episteme) in. Celsus Library in Ephesus, Turkey. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 5

Sir Francis Bacon, "Knowledge is Power" (1597) Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 6

What is Skills (技能)? • A skill is the learned ability to carry out pre -determined results often with the minimum outlay of time, energy, or both. • domain-general skills: time management, teamwork and leadership. • domain-specific skills (Hard Skills): useful only for a certain job. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 7

Basic Skills : Labor Skills • Labor skills : masons, carpenters, blacksmiths, bakers, bre wers, etc. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 8

Hot metal work from a blacksmith Canadian blacksmith in the 1970 s Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 9

Basic Skills : Life Skills • Problem solving behaviors used appropriately and responsibly in the management of personal affairs. • E. g. career planning, …… daily living, home life, housing and money management, ……. pregnancy and parenting. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 10

Basic Skills : People & Social • People skills (人际交往能力): “the ability to communicate effectively with people in a friendly way, especially in business”. • Social skills (社交技巧) : any skill facilitating interaction and communication with others. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 11

Basic Skills : Soft Skills • A sociological term relating to a person's "EQ" (Emotional Intelligence Quotient), the cluster of personality traits, social graces, communication, language, personal habits, friendliness, and optimism that characterize relationships with other people. • Soft skills complement hard skills (part of a person's IQ), which are the occupational requirements of a job and many other activities. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 12

Basic Skills : Soft Skills • Soft skills are personal attributes that enhance an individual's interactions, job performance and career prospects. • Unlike hard skills, which are about a person's skill set and ability to perform a certain type of task or activity, soft skills relate to a person's ability to interact effectively with coworkers and customers and are broadly applicable both in and outside the workplace. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 13

What is Attitude (态度)? • An attitude is the psychological response to people, society, objects, events, occurrences and circumstances; to life itself. • People react differently when confronted with different situations. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 14

attitude types • • • • • Optimism Pessimism Confident Interested Independent Jealous Courteous Cooperative Considerate Inferior Happy Frank Respectful Authoritative Sincere Persistent Honest • • • • • Sympathetic Realistic Faithful Flexible Decisive Trusting Thoughtful Determined Loving Hostile Modest Reliable Tolerant Humble Cautious Sarcastic Helping Hard Working Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 15

what we think, what we do, and what we feel is what forms our attitude. While sometimes knowledge and experience form our attitude, on other occasions it is based on our assumptions and beliefs. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 16

Performance = Ability x Attitude Ability = Knowledge + Skills Attitude = Professional Conduct (专业操守 ) Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 17

What is Competence ? • Professional competence (专业能力) integrates knowledge, understanding, skills and values. • It goes beyond the ability to perform specific tasks. • Chartered Engineers must be competent throughout their working life, by virtue of their education, training and experience. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 18

Pathway to become a CEng, MICE Step 1 – Knowledge Base : An accredited MEng (in UK) or its equivalent. Step 2 – Initial Professional Development (IPD) Step 3 – Professional Review (CPR) CEng, MICE Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 19

Professional Registration: Why? • General: – 1. Maintain their competence. – 2. Work within professional codes. – 3. Participate actively within the profession. • Specific – Health, Safety & Environment – Singapore : Professional Engineers Act. [Website : http: //app. peb. gov. sg/ ] Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 20

Pathways to become Professional Engineer in Singapore Approved Qualifications, e. g. BEng from NUS/NTU PEB – PE Exam PEB – FE Exam . Report on Postgraduate Engineering Experience . Summary of Postgraduate Professional Experience . Professional Interview (PI) Experience Professional Engineer (PE) Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 21

UK-SPEC: CEng • Chartered Engineers are characterized by their ability to develop appropriate solutions to engineering problems, using new or existing technologies through innovation, creativity and change. • UK-SPEC : UK Standard for Professional Engineering Competence – SARTOR : 1984 – Amended and updated : 1990; 1997 – Website: http: //www. engc. org. uk/ecukdocuments/internet/docu ment%20 library/UK-SPEC. pdf Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 22

UK-SPEC : CEng Standard • Five Main Elements: – A – Engineering Knowledge & Understanding (A 1; A 2) – B – Engineering Applications (B 1; B 2; B 3) – C – Management & Leadership (C 1; C 2; C 3; C 4) – D – Interpersonal Skills (D 1; D 2; D 3) – E – Obligations to the Society, the Profession & the Environment (E 1; E 2; E 3; E 4) Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 23

A – Engineering Knowledge & Understanding • A 1 - Maintain and extend a sound theoretical • • approach in enabling the introduction and exploitation of new and advancing technology and other relevant developments. • A 2 - Engage in the creative and innovative • development of engineering technology • and continuous improvement systems. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 24

B – Engineering Applications • B 1 - Identify potential projects and opportunities. • B 2 - Conduct appropriate research, and undertake design and development of engineering solutions. • B 3 - Implement design solutions, and evaluate • their effectiveness. Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 25

C – Management & Leadership (领导技能) • C 1 – Project Implementation. • C 2 – Management Functions: Plan, budget, organise, direct and control tasks, people and resources. • C 3 – HRM : Lead teams and develop staff to meet changing technical and managerial needs. • C 4 – Quality Management Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 26

D – Interpersonal Skills (人际技巧) • D 1 – Written Communication (Reports; Minutes; Letters) • D 2 – Oral Communication (Presentation) • D 3 – Personal and Social Skills Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 27

E – Obligations to the Society, the Profession & the Environment • E 1 – Codes of Conduct/Professional Conduct (专业操守) • E 2 – Safety • E 3 – Sustainable Development • E 4 - CPD Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 28

What is a Professional Review? . [Website : http: //www. ice. org. uk/professionalreview ] • The Professional Review is made up of the following steps [ICE, UK]: – Production and submission of reports – An interview, where you will be required to demonstrate how you have satisfied the specific attributes relevant to the grade you are applying for – A written exercise (with the exception of the Technician Professional Review) Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 29

ICE's headquarters at One Great George Street , UK Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 30

Rules - ICE Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 31

Books for further reading 1989 1984 Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 32

Books for further reading - 2011 [by H. Macdonald Steels, ICE Publishing] Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 33

Books for basic reading Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 34

Logbook - PI Essays [Source : IEM – Bulletin – August] Knowledge, Skills & Attitudes 35

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