KLASIFIKASI BANK Rita Tri Yusnita Sumber BLKL Edisi

KLASIFIKASI BANK Rita Tri Yusnita Sumber: BLKL, Edisi 2, Sigit Triandaru & Totok Budisantoso, Salemba Empat Uang, Perbankan dan Ekonomi Moneter, Mandala Manurung & Prathama Rahardja, FEUI Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan Bukan Bank, H. Ahmad Rafiki, BBA, MMgt. Bank dan Lembaga Keuangan, Drs. Supriyanto, MM. 1

Klasifikasi Jenis Bank 1. Jenis Bank Menurut Kegiatannya Tujuan: ◦ Bank Tabungan ◦ Memudahkan dalam memilih kegiatan perbankan yang paling sesuai dengan karakter masing-masing bank ◦ Bank Pembangunan ◦ Bank Ekspor-Impor ◦ Bank Umum ◦ Bank Perkreditan Rakyat ◦ Menyederhanakan dan memudahkan dalam urusan mendapatkan izin operasi 2

2. Jenis Bank Menurut Target Pasar 1. Corporate Bank – pelayanan berskala besar 2. Retail Bank – pelayanan berskala kecil 3. Retail Corporate Bank – pelayanan berskala besar dan kecil Tujuan ◦ Memberi pelayanan efisien ◦ Fokus pada kelompok nasabah (karakter) tertentu 3

3. Jenis Bank Menurut Kepemilikannya (penguasaan saham & akta pendirian Bank) ◦ Bank milik pemerintah; BNI, BRI, BTN ◦ Bank milik pemerintah daerah; Bank Sumut, Bank DKI, BJB ◦ Bank milik koperasi; Bank Umum Koperasi Indonesia (Bukopin) ◦ Bank miilik swasta nasional; BCA, BII, Bank Mu’amalat ◦ Bank milik asing; Citi Bank, Standard Chartered ◦ Bank milik campuran; Mitsubishi Buana Bank, Bank Sakura Swadarma 4

4. Jenis Bank Menurut Status atau Kedudukan (ukuran kemampuan dr segi jumlah produk, modal, & kualitas) ◦ Bank Devisa ◦ Bank Non-Devisa

5. Jenis Bank Menurut Kepemilikannya ◦ Bank – prinsip konventional; menggunakan sistem bunga dan free based. - Dominan di Indonesia. ◦ Bank – prinsip syariah; berdasarkan etika & prinsip-prinsip Islam hingga bebas dari; a. unsur Riba (bunga) b. bebas dari unsur spekulatif non-produktif seperti perjudian (maysir) c. bebas dari kegiatan yang meragukan (gharar) d. bebas dari perkara yang tidah sah (bathil) e. hanya membiayai usaha-usaha yang halal 6

Types of Investment banks ◦ Investment banks "underwrite" (guarantee the sale of) stock and bond issues, trade for their own accounts, make markets, and advise corporations on capital markets activities such as mergers and acquisitions. ◦ Merchant banks were traditionally banks which engaged in trade finance. The modern definition, however, refers to banks which provide capital to firms in the form of shares rather than loans. Unlike venture capital firms, they tend not to invest in new companies. Both combined ◦ A universal bank is a bank that participate in all kinds of banking activities. It is a bank that is both a Commercial bank and an Investment bank. üFor example, First Bank (a very large bank) is involved in commercial and retail lending, and its subsidiaries in tax-havens offer offshore banking services to customers in other countries. Other large financial institutions are similarly diversified and engage in multiple activities. 7

TERIMA KASIH