Kingdom Protists Domain Eukarya Domain Bacteria AP Biology

Kingdom: Protists Domain Eukarya Domain Bacteria AP Biology Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya 2007 -2008 Common ancestor

General characteristics § Classification criteria eukaryotes u not animal, plant or fungi u That’s more of what they’re not & not what they are! AP Biology

AP Biology an ell sc mi s? eo u ae alg en gre red bro & d wn a iat lga om e s & c agel ilia late tes s ofl din ids no gle eu Great Diversity

Problems with Protist Classification § Too Diverse! AP Biology C ph yt a hl or o St phy (in re ta p Fuclud to ng es ph y C ho i lan ta d an pl of an la ts ge ) A ni lli m da al s pi la ho do ra m St eo l lv A en o R Something’s not right here! at a zo a en o gl Eu rc ha A B ac te ria u doesn’t reflect any evolutionary relationship amongst all kingdom members paraphyletic ea u

Theory of Endosymbiosis internal membrane system aerobic bacterium Eukaryotic cell with mitochondrion Ancestral eukaryotic cell chloroplast mitochondrion photosynthetic bacterium AP Biology Eukaryotic cell with chloroplasts Paramecium & symbiont Chlorella

Protist Diversity § The full spectrum of modes of life from unicellular to multicellular u autotrophic to heterotrophic u asexual to sexual reproduction u pathogenic to beneficial u sessile to mobile u AP Biology

Mobility § How Protists move flagellum u cilia u pseudopod u AP Biology

Protist Diversity § Animal-like Protists u heterotrophs, predators § Amoeba § Paramecium § Stentor Amoeba ingesting a Paramecium AP Biology Paramecium with food vacuoles stained red

Protist Diversity § Plant-like Protists u autotrophs, photosynthesis § Euglena § algae § diatoms AP Biology

Protist Diversity § Parasitic & pathogenic Protists malaria u Giardia u trypanosomes u Plasmodium Giardia AP Biology Trypanosoma

Protist Diversity § Beneficial & necessary Protists u phytoplankton § small algae + diatoms § much of the world’s photosynthesis § produces ~90% of atmospheric oxygen u zooplankton § heterotrophic protists + animals § key ecological role at base of marine food web AP Biology Mmmmmm! Sounds like breakfast!

Any Questions? ? AP Biology 2007 -2008