Kingdom Protista TSW identify and describe the characteristics

Kingdom Protista TSW identify and describe the characteristics of Protists

What is a Protist? § Any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote § First Eukaryotes (has a nucleus & membrane-bound organelles)

Animal-like Protists: Protozoans § § § “First Animals” Heterotrophic 4 Phyla § Zooflagellates § Sarcodines § Ciliates § Sporozoans

Zooflagellates § Animal-like protists that swim using FLAGELLA § Absorb food through their cell membrane § Most reproduce asexually through mitosis & cytokinesis § Examples: Trypanosoma Trichomonas vaginalis

Zooflagellates

Sarcodines § Animal-like protists that use pseudopods for feeding & movement § Example: Amoeba § Capture food by surrounding their meal, then taking it inside themselves to form a food vacuole

Ciliates § Animal-like protists that use cilia (hairlike projections) for feeding and movement § Example: Paramecium

Paramecium: Internal Anatomy § Trichocysts: small, bottle-shaped structures used for defense § Macronucleus: “working library” of genetic info § Micronucleus: “Reserve copy” of cell’s genes § Gullet: indentation in side that pushes food to the vacuoles § Anal pore: empties waste materials into environment § Contractile vacuole: cavity in cytoplasm that collect water

Sporozoans § Animal-like protists that do not move on their own & are parasitic § Reproduce by sporozoites § Example: Plasmodium (causes malaria)

Plant-like Protists § Some unicellular, but mostly multicellular § Several types: § Euglena § Diatoms § Dinoflagellates § Algae (Red, Brown, Green)

Euglena § 2 flagella § No cell wall

Diatoms § 2 part shell of silicon (glass) § Food stored as oil § Responsible for most oil consumed today

Algae § § § Vary in size Seaweed Classified by color § Red, Green, & Brown

Fungus-like Protists § Slime Molds § Heterotrophs § Absorb nutrients from organic material § Change form during life cycle § Live in damp areas