Kinematics 1 Scalars and Vectors Scalars Quantities Include

Kinematics 1 – Scalars and Vectors Scalars Quantities Include magnitude ONLY (with units) Examples: distance, time, speed, mass, density Vector Quantities Include magnitude and direction (with units) Examples: displacement, velocity, acceleration, force Average Speed, vav Can be found by dividing total distance by total time

Distance (∆d) The total path length travelled by an object Displacement The change in an object's position Can be found using If initial and final positions d 1 and d 2 are known Or. . .

If two or more displacements are known Or. . . by determining the area under a velocitytime graph. Example Selma flies her favourite drone 850 m [N] in 91 s, then 260 m [E] in 33 s and then 1290 m [E 32° S] in 3 min 29 s. Determine the total displacement for the drone.

260 m 32° 1290 m 850 m

Now use pythagoream theorem. . .

1364. 2 m θ 1354 m 166. 4 m

Average Velocity, Displacement (change in position) Time interval For the previous example, what is the average velocity?

Average velocity can also be found by finding the slope of the line segment joining two points on a position-time graph. Instantaneous velocity can be found by determining the slope of the tangent to a certain point on a position-time graph.

Determine the instantaneous velocity for Iggy's scooter at the time indicated (t = 15 s).

Instantaneous velocity is equal to the slope of the tangent to the graph: