Kim H Veltman The First and Future Webs

Kim H Veltman The First and Future Webs 1 International Workshop on Information Science Brasilia 5 December 2006

Man would no longer need documentation if he were assimilated into an omniscient being - as with God himself. But to a less ultimate degree, a technology will be created acting at a distance and combining radio, X-rays, cinema and microscopic photography. Everything in the universe, and everything of man, would be registered at a distance as it was produced. In this way a moving image of the world will be established, a true mirror of his memory. From a distance, everyone will be able to read text, enlarged and limited to the desired subject, projected on an individual screen. In this way, everyone from his armchair will be able to contemplate creation, as a whole or in certain of its parts. Paul Otlet, Monde: essaie d'universalisme -- connaissance du monde; sentiment du monde; action organisée et plan du monde Brussels, Editions du Mundaneum, 1935

Paul Otlet, La machine a penser le monde, 1943

Parts Minutes 1. Present 10 2. Past 50 3. Future 30

Part 1 Present Web

In 1964, Paul Baran studied 3 kinds of networks and suggested a distributed network as the best option.

In 1992 Donna Cox and Robert Patterson (NCSA) visualized the Internet as a Web

Since then there have been many web like visualizations: e. g. J. A Brown et al. (2000).

1968 2 1990 1 million 1995 50 million 2000 200 million 2005 1000 million 2006 Today 1086 million Fixed Internet Growth

1993 131 GFlops 19942000 2379 GFlops 2006 280600 GFlops 2008 1, 600, 000 GFlops Top 500 Computers

Very Different Solutions are Being Explored.

1 gramme of dried DNA can hold as much information as 1 trillion CDs. DNA takes shape, BBC News , 12 January 2000

In 1995 the Internet was 95% English. In 2004 it was 36. 2 % English. Global Internet Statistics September 2004.

In September 2006, the Internet was 28% English.

There are visions of complete usage: e. g. European Schoolnet Vision

Wikipedia is Growing Enormously and is now the largest Encyclopedia in

New Plans 6 October 2006 Citizendium or Citizen's Compendium guided by expert editors, and contributors will be expected to use their own names, not anonymous pseudonyms.

Full Text Scanning is Exploding in Size: Dates Volumes Project 1949 -1974 52 Index Thomisticus Father Busa 1972 -2001 12, 000 Thesaurus Linguae Graecae 1971 - 16, 000 Project Gutenberg Michael Hart 1990 s- 125, 000+ Pollard Chadwyck >Proquest 2000 1. 5 million Dissertations Proquest 2001 1 million Books, Raj Reddy, CMU 2004 15 million Books, Google 2005 -10 6 million Books, European Commission via BNF

Internet as Ethernet and Internet as a Cloud:

Internet as Ethernet and Internet as a Cloud:

The Semantic Web is focussing on these addresses (URLS, URNS) to establish security. As a result the WWW acts as if the web of connections were effectively an Ether- net independent of objects in the physical world and different layers of reality.

Meanwhile the Internet has spread beyond this cloud to include: Space Astronomy Earth Geography (GIS, GPS, UMTS) Oceans Oceanography

Hubble Telescope Images

Microsoft Virtual Earth

VENUS (Victoria Experimental Network Under the Sea) project

Three Worlds: Virtual Heavens, Earth and Oceans and a WWW

This is part of a larger trend to Map and Scan different worlds : 1. Metaphysical Philosophy, Religion 2. Mental Literature, Mathematics 3. Physical Space Astronomy Earth Geography Oceans Oceanography 4. Man Made Architecture 5. Social Sociology, Psychology

The deeper challenges for Semantic Webs of the future lie in linking information and knowledge beyond the Ethernet clouds to these different: 1) Levels of Reality 2) Scales of Reality 3)

The Semantic Web has focussed on the logical truth of 1 -1 links via URLS. A Semantic Web for Culture requires multiple sets of links which show these 3 worlds are linked via many variants in terms of names and even explanations.

Ideas for the deeper challenges of future webs are found in the earliest webs of language and knowledge in India and the East that are claimed to go back 10, 000 years.

Part 2 The First Webs

The idea of a web goes back to stories of creation.

The Aksak dung beetle created first man and woman from clay

In India the story of creation is told as the story of the creation of language.

One of their starting points was study of 3 Phases of Moon.

Man Woman = like Sun = like Moon 3 Worlds = 3 Goddesses =3 Phases Heaven Sarasvati Rhea Earth Parvati Hera Underworld Durga Demeter

3 phases of moon = 3 worlds = 3 phases of life: Heaven Sarasvati Young Earth Parvati Mother Underworld Durga Crone

Juno Aphrodite Minerva Thus the monthly cycle entails either 2 x 15 days (30), 3 x 9 days (27) or of 4 x 7 days (28).

Female India Young Woman Kali Lakshmi Mature Woman Lakshmi Durga Old Woman Durga Saraswati Arabia Al-Uzza ‘Uzza Virgin Greece Aphrodite Selene Luna Persephone Al-Lat Manat Allat (al-ilāhat Goddess) Manat Mother Visionary, witch Hera Artemis Diana Demeter This inspires the Triple goddess in East and West. Minerva Hecate Persephone Hecate

In terms of Information architecture this points to a first need: we need to go beyond 1 -1 “is a” statements to represent the complexities of the triple goddess as her name moves from East to West.

The mysteries of woman weave 3 ages of life 3 worlds with 3 x 3 = 9 threads.

In Sanskrit MAMA = Nutritive Principle which shows how 1 becomes 2 becomes 3.

It also leads to triple symbolism: Moon, as nutritive force (Mama); as rooftop in Japan; as Triskell.

It also leads to triple symbolism: Labyrinths in Celtic Ireland; Trinacria in Sicily and variants in Celtic Northern France.

3 Worlds of Knowledge evolve in a Matrix in 7 Stages

Stages 1. ANAM Nameless 2. AGAM Inaccessible 3. ALAKSA Incomprehensible 4. AUM Vibration 5. Kala Time 6. Desh Space 7. Patra or Anu Individuation

Stage 1 is A ANAM Nameless

Stage 1 of Pre -creation results in one point.

A I Λ K Λ A Λ Downward force in the evening I +V sideways at noon > K. Upward force in the morning. The prime force is 1 with 3 forces potentially that will become 3 phases of the day.

Stage 2 is A AGAM Inaccessible

Stage 2 of Pre -creation results in two points.

In terms of Geometry, Stage 2 results in a line.

Stage 3 is A ALAKSA Incomprehensible

Stage 3 a of Pre -creation results in 3 points as an upward triangle: A, Ka, Tha.

In terms of the Sephiroth this entails 1, 2 and 3

Stage 3 b of Pre -creation results in 3 points as a downward triangle

In terms of the Sephiroth this becomes 2 and 3 and 6.

In terms of Geometry this results in a Triangle.

Stage 4 is AUM Vibration Creative force: obscures Ever-Uncreated

Stage 4 of Pre -creation results in 4 points.

In terms of the Sephiroth this effectively entails 2, 3, 4, 5

In terms of Geometry this lead to a first square that generates the matrix.

Stage 5 is Time Kal Change in the Ever-Unchangeable

Kala or Time entails 5 Points

In terms of the Sephiroth this effectively entails 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

These become the central spokes of Ginnungapap

Kala or Time entails 5 Points which can be re-arranged.

In geometry these five points generate a matrix of 4 squares.

These four squares entail 9 points, which leads to 9 squares.

This becomes the Indian matrix of 3 x 3 (9 squares) linked with the image of a Tortoise or Kurma (avatar 2 of Vishnu).

In China this tortoise becomes the Lo Shu Diagram also involving a matrix of 3 x 3 squares.

A Geometrical version of same Chinese Diagram shows how the numbers always add up to 15 = 1 phase of the moon.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A Geometrical version of same Chinese Lo Shu Diagram shows how the 9 (3 x 3) squares produce 16 (4 x 4 dots): the 15 days of the moon plus a 16 th when it remains at its maximum.

In China the 5 points are drawn as 5 points with 4 joining lines.

This helps us to recognize that the Chinese and Indian methods are two versions of the same matrix.

In India these 5 points become 4 squares of an inner matrix.

In like manner the 5 upper and lower lines in China generate 4 x 4 squares in India or conversely 5 x 5 points.

These 16 squares entail 25 points.

The Same 25 points arranged as 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 = all the male numbers under 10 in China.

21 January = Aquarius (formerly 21 December = Capricorn) Draco, mirrored and the sign of 25 in the Tribu Restaurant.

In terms of Geometry this is the pentagon that combines with triangles to generate the Five Pointed Star of Si. VA that leads x 12 = Dodecahedron

Stage 6 is Space Desh Division is produced in Ever-Indivisible

Stage 6 of Pre -creation results in 6 points.

The upward and the downward triangle now meet as the Six pointed star linked with the seal and stars of Vishnu, Solomon, and David.

Stage 6 of Pre -creation also results in 6 points of the 3 -D pyramid.

Stage 7 is Atomic Form Patra or Anu One appears as innumerable objects

Stage 7 of Pre -creation results in 7 points.

In terms of the Sephiroth this effectively entails 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Stage 7 of Pre -creation results in 7 points.

These 7 points become the 4 directions + up, down and centre.

The 28 days of the month can then be drawn as a pyramid of points as a square of 28 points or as 6 x 6 squares with 49 points.

In the West arithmetic = discrete quantity geometry = continuous quantity and treated separately. In the East Arithmetic and geometry are integrated.

This leads to matrices of squares and dots: 1 4 2 6 3 x 3 (9) 4 x 4 = 16 4 x 4 (16) 5 x 5 25 5 x 5 (25) 6 x 6 36 6 x 6 (36) 7 x 7 49 7 x 7 (49) 8 x 8 64 8 x 8 (64) 9 x 9 81 9 x 9 (81) 10 x 10 (100)

The 3 x 3 square leads to a 4 x 4 square which, as we shall see, becomes central in the development of alphabets.

This 4 x 4 = 16 pattern x 4 = 8 x 8 = 64 Squares = chessboard, checkers the game of Go (= Sanskrit for heavenly cow).

In India this culminates in a 9 x 9 ( = 3 x 3 x 3 = the 3 principle of Λ applied to the 4 directions) as the Vastu Purusha Mandala as basis for positioning gods and directions

These matrices are found also in the New World.

The Vastu Purusha becomes the Indian Equivalent of Vitruvian Man.

In China, the I Ching uses dots with implicit Magic Squares.