Kicking our way to better papers Receive Papers

Kicking our way to better papers

Receive Papers 3 o Kicking our way to better papers o Create a writing soccer circle: no desks o Pass the ball. As you kick, say: o My name is _____ and I need to work on ____ to improve my prose and papers. o Pass the ball o To fix _____, name, you can do ___________.

2302 Latin American History Society and Culture at the turn of the Twentieth Century: Immigration, Urbanization, Labor Activism, Import Substitution Theoretical Considerations and Framework

Immigration, Nationalism, Industrialization, Populism: What’s the connection? o Small Group: Define these four terms and explain their connections o Write down connections, put names of group members at bottom of page o Turn in group conclusions for Part. Grade

Connections: o Immigration contributed to both nationalism and industrialization o Nationalism contributed to industrialization, rise of working classes, o Populists emerged to lead, manage and control workers, followed by period of military rule o Economic nationalism

A. Immigration at turn of the century

Italian Migrants to Sao Paulo

Immigrants to Buenos Aires

Immigrants to Buenos Aires 1914

Neighborhood of La Boca, Buenos Aires

Immigration Discussion Comparative Framework for Context o Why is the U. S. a nation of immigrants? o How do immigrants become established? o Displace the previous inhabitants o Each new wave tried to limit next wave o Except when needed for labor o Similar dynamics in Latin America o Situation by turn of 20 th Century?

B. Import Substitution Industrialization I. S. I. o L. Am. economists challenged “liberal” theory of Comparative o o o o advantage (? ) Raul Prebisch, Argentine Economist at ECLA, Econ. Comm. on Latin America Most influential in the 1950 s Dependency theory, centre [industry], periphery [raw mat] encouraged Import-Substituting Industrialization During the 1940 s - 1950 s, many LA’n govts. tried to diversify their economies Problems with this program: ISI very subject to political pressures, due to state control By 1950 s, migration led to crisis for cities, industry not absorb rural population

Important Analysis o Important Point: Military led ISI, for more independence, built military strength o Build strong nation that could lead L. Am. block o Massive industrialization and technical modernization o Leaders strongly feared the revolutionary potential of working class [why? ] o Offensive against organized labor: jailed leaders, suppressed newspapers o Can you see the dilemma this created for building industrial growth?

C. Immigration, The Working Class and Women within ISI

D. The Great Wind Blows for Populism o Make a circle with one student per chair o My name is … and the great wind blows for anyone who has ever been believed what a politician tells them… o My name is …, and the great wind blows for anyone who believes that populist leaders want to improve the lives of working class people o Analysis: Why use alternative learning strategies?

Sources o Born in Blood and Fire, Ch. 8 SG Analysis o Why did nationalists take power? o Why did immigrants go to South America? o What did Activist governments do? o Name one populist leader o Describe L. Am. nationalist governments o Why did metaphors for racial mixture spread?

D. Some Specific Examples of Import Substitution Industrialization o What was happening elsewhere in the world during the 1930 s, 40 s and 50 s?

Argentina: Juan Domingo Perón Evita Perón (1945 -55, 1973 -74)

Chile: Salvador Allende (1970 -1973)

Colombia o Industrial Experiment 1905 -1960 o Success story of industrialization o Protectionist tariffs created capitalist paradise o Medellin center for textile production o Social stability based on Catholic piety and strict sexual norms

Uruguay: Jose Batlle y Ordonez o President from 1903 -7, 1911 -15 Liberal Colorados (Reds) defeated Conservatives (Whites) in Civil War 1904 Industrialized Uruguay through Meatpacking

Populist periods led in most countries to severe military dictatorships o Think-Pair: WHY? o Homework: 5 -min reports, number by 6, Review o 1. Monroe Doctrine o 2. Olney Memorandum o 3. Calvo Clause o 4. Teller Amendment o 5. “Ariel” José Enrique Rodó o 6. Ruben Darío “To Roosevelt” o Conclusions: Populism in Latin America o Summary and Assessment…