Key Topic The FRAME Routine Major Trade Routes

Key Topic The FRAME Routine Major Trade Routes of the Eastern Hemisphere is about… Identifying trade patterns of the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 -1500 AD Essential details Silk routes across Asia to the Mediterranean Basin Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean Trans-Saharan routes across North Africa Northern European links with the Black Sea Western European seas and river trade South China Sea and lands of SE Asia

The FRAME Routine Key Topic Trading Contributions of the Eastern Hemisphere is about… Trading and the diffusion of goods and ideas amongst different cultures Main idea Goods Technology Essential details Gold from West Africa Spice trade from around the Indian Ocean Textiles from India, China, and the Middle-East Porcelain from China and Persia Amber from the Baltic Region Essential details Paper from China through the Muslim World to Byzantium and W. Europe New crops from India (ex. sugar) Waterwheels and windmills from the Middle. East Navigation: Compass from China, Lateen Sail from Indian Ocean Region Main idea Ideas Essential details Spread of religions across the hemisphere: - Buddhism from China to Korea and Japan - Hinduism and Buddhism from India to Southeast Asia - Islam into West Africa and Southeast Asia Printing and paper money from China So What? (What’s important to understand about this? ) Trading spread different ideas and cultures, as well as creating economic interdependence

Trading Contributions of the Eastern Hemisphere - Spices -Where Islam spread -Waterwheels - Hinduism - Textiles (x 3) - Printing - Paper Money - New Crops Africa Word Bank: Middle East Goods= Technology= Ideas= X X - Gold - Lateen Sail - Porcelain - Compass - Buddhism spread - Windmills China India

Key Topic The FRAME Japanese Civilization is about. . . How Japanese culture was influenced by its geography and Chinese civilization Main Idea Geography of Japan Influence of Chinese Culture Details • Mountainous Terrain • Archipelago (four main islands) • Close proximity to China and Korea • Separated from the Asian Mainland by the Sea of Japan (also known as East Sea) So What? • Japan was influenced by China due to its close proximity • Buddhism spread from China to Japan • Architecture: Pagodas were influenced by Chinese Pavilions and Towers • Japanese writing developed out of Chinese symbols Main Idea Shinto Details • Ethnic religion of Japan— concerned only with Japan and its people • State religion of Japan - mean that the emperor was worshipped • Worships the Kami - Kami= forces of nature and ancestors spirits • Shinto and Buddhism coexisted in Japans close proximity to China allowed for the diffusion of Chinese goods, ideas, and beliefs onto the Japanese islands

Map of China, Japan, and Korea China Huang He River Sea of Japan Korea Japan

Key Topic African Kingdoms of Axum and Zimbabwe is about… Sub-Saharan African Kingdoms that thrived during the Medieval Period along the Eastern and Southeastern Coast The FRAME Routine Essential details Axum Kingdom: • Located near: - Ethiopian Highlands (Axum= Modern Day Ethiopia) - Nile River • Axum Kingdom practiced Christianity - A um= Christian Kingdom Axum Kingdom Nile River Ethiopian Highlands Kingdom of Zimbabwe: • Located near: - Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers Zambezi River Indian Ocean - Indian Ocean • Capital city = “Great Zimbabwe” - Very prosperous (rich) empire Limpopo River Kingdom of Zimbabwe

Key Topic The FRAME Routine West African Kingdoms is about… The characteristics of the West African Kingdoms during the Medieval Period Essential details Geography: • Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Empires were located in West Africa along the Niger River and Saharan Desert Sahara Desert Ghana. Songhai Mali Trade and Timbuktu: • Empires made a profit trading gold and salt - Along the Trans-Saharan Trade Routes • City of Timbuktu was a center for trade and learning - Crossroads for travelers and traders Religion of West Africa: • Mostly practiced Islam - Added the aspect of animism from previous African religions

Map of West African Kingdoms Sahara Desert Middle East Ghana (8001000 AD) Mali (12001450 AD) = Timbuktu Songhai (14501600 AD) Red Sea Niger River

Key Topic Civilizations of the Western Hemisphere The FRAME is about. . . Locating and describing characteristics of the Mayan and Aztec Civilizations Main Idea Mayan Details • Located in the Mexican and Central American rain forests (300 -900 AD) - Vanished/disappeared around 900 AD • Represented by the City of Chichen Itza • Political: Groups of city-states ruled by kings (independent of each other, each has their own king) • Economy: Based on agriculture and trade - Used irrigation and raised field to grow maize • Religion: Polytheistic—believe in more than one god - Pyramids were their religious structures Main Idea Aztec Details • Located in arid valley in central Mexico (1200 -1521 AD) • Represented by the City of Tenochtitlan • Political: Ruled by an emperor (one person who controlled the entire empire) • Economy: Based on agriculture and tribute from conquered peoples - Built floating gardens • Religion: Polytheistic—believe in more than one god - Pyramids were their religious structures - Used extreme religious rituals So What? The social, economic, and political patterns of the Western Hemisphere

Map of Western Hemisphere: Mayan Empire Aztec Empire North America Mexico Central America South America

Key Topic Civilizations of the Western Hemisphere The FRAME is about. . . Locating and describing characteristics of the Incans Civilizations Main Idea Incan Empire: Incans Details • Located in the Andes Mountains of South America (1200 -1572 CE (A. D. ) North America • Represented by the city of Machu Picchu • Political: Ruled by an emperor Pacific Ocean • Economic: Based on high-altitude agriculture (terrace-farming) Incans South America • Religion: Polytheistic • Developed a road system along the mountains Achievements on the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incans: - Calendars - Mathematics - Writing and record-keeping systems