KENNEDY THE COLD WAR JFK FOREIGN POLICY JFK

KENNEDY & THE COLD WAR JFK FOREIGN POLICY

JFK COLD WAR FOREIGN POLICY FLEXIBLE RESPONSE OTHER COUNTRIES JFK felt that Eisenhower had relied To improve Latin American too heavily on nuclear weapons he relations, JFK proposed the enacts “Flexible response” policy of Alliance for Progress = a containment = additional buildup of series of cooperative aid conventional troops & weapons projects with Latin (regular warfare). American governments • Costly but allowed U. S. to fight a The Peace Corps = created limited style of warfare. to help less developed nations fight poverty, JFK also created the Special Forces, trained young Americans to or Green Berets, a small elite army spend 2 years assisting in unit established in the 1950 s to a country combat/defend against guerrilla warfare (guerilla warfare was a common strategy of Communist rebels at the time)

THE SPACE RACE During this time of increased tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, the two countries engaged in a space race, with each country hoping to dominate space to enhance their positions on Earth. Kennedy wanted Americans to be the first to reach the moon, and he pushed Congress to make it a reality. Neil Armstrong = 1 s t to step foot on the moon in 1969, during Nixon’s first administration

CRISES OF THE COLD WAR - BAY OF PIGS Cuba & its leader, Fidel Castro, began forming an alliance with the Soviet Union & its leader, Nikita Khrushchev. During Eisenhower’s presidency, the CIA had secretly trained & armed Cuban exiles known as La Brigada. Kennedy’s advisers approved a plan to invade Cuba using La Brigada. On April 17, 1961, 1, 400 armed Cuban exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs on the south coast of Cuba. Disaster struck as Kennedy cancelled air support for the exiles in order to keep U. S. involvement a secret. Most of the La Brigada were either killed or captured by Castro’s army. http: //www. youtube. com/w atch? v=8 q. XZp 8 bxp. NY

CRISES OF THE COLD WAR – THE BERLIN WALL GOES UP After meeting with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, JFK refused to recognize East Germany or to have the United States–along with Great Britain & France–withdraw from Berlin. Soviets retaliated by constructing a wall through Berlin, stopping movement between the Soviet sector (E. Berlin) & the rest of the city. For the next 30 years, the Berlin Wall symbolized the Cold War division between East & West. http: //www. youtube. com/w atch? v=szj. FKADu 69 U http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=JZC wl. Kii. Zrs http: //www. youtube. com/w atch? v=x. K 30 k 2 WTx. Y 0

http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Gvxu. ZMhmdx. Q http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ig 8 Udf. QKXSY CRISES OF THE COLD WAR – THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Summer 1962, American intelligence agencies discovered that Soviet technicians & equipment had arrived in Cuba, & that military construction was in progress. § Photographs proved that the Soviets had placed long-range missiles in Cuba. § Kennedy ordered it stopped, but work on the site continued. JFK ordered a blockade of Cuba. Nuclear holocaust was feared. Neither Kennedy nor Khrushchev wanted World War III. § Kennedy agreed not to invade Cuba & to remove missiles in Turkey. § The Soviets agreed to remove missiles in Cuba. The Cuban missile crisis, as it became known, brought the world to the edge of a nuclear war both sides agreed to work out a plan to ease tension. § 1963 U. S. & U. S. S. R. agreed to a treaty banning the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. The missile crisis led to the demise of Nikita Khrushchev, & the new Soviet leadership was less interested in reaching agreements with the West result was a huge Soviet arms buildup