Kenji Morita The 34 th Reimei Work Shop

Kenji Morita The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" Hadron-Hadron Interaction from Femtoscopic Correlation in Heavy Ion Collisions Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Ref: KM, T. Furumoto, A. Ohnishi, PRC 91, 024916 (‘ 15) A. Ohnishi, KM, K. Miyahara, T. Hyodo, NPA 954, 294 (‘ 16) KM, A. Ohnishi, F. Etminan, T. Hatsuda, 1605. 06765 2016/8/9 1

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Hadron-Hadron Interaction u s d ? s u d Testing Ground for QCD at Low Energy Baseline for many-body physics Chiral Symmetry Exotic hadrons / finite T, ρ 2016/8/9 H-Dibaryon Heavy Ion Collisions NΩ Dibaryon Compact Stars Λ(1405) Hypernuclei Confinement The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 2

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Outline 1. Femtoscopic Correlation in HIC Ø Final State Interaction Ø Quantum Statistics (a. k. a. HBT/GGLP effect) 2. Applications : Dibaryon Candidates A) ΛΛ correlation B) pΩ correlation 3. Implications for J-PARC HI 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 3

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Two-Particle Correlation in HIC (Relative Momentum) π π C N Λ π k. A D Ω Ξ K π No Correlation π Interaction Interference etc N p K π Hadronization ~5 -10 fm/c, ~160 Me. V 2016/8/9 k. B B time The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 4

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Nature 527, 345 (‘ 15) Attractive FSI =reff Coulomb + HBT (Fermion) =－a 0 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 5

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Femtoscopic Correlation Random Emission + Final State Int. Single-particle Distribution (# of pair) = integration of (emission probability x weight factor) Random emission : no correlation btw. emission probability of A and B Scattering wave function (← Schrödinger eq. ) FSI and symmetrization ~ Equal-time Bethe-Salpeter amplitude in pair rest frame* 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 6

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Final State Interaction Single-particle Distribution For simplicity, spherical and static thermal source is considered. Small Q － Low energy scattering → S-wave dominant Replacing S-wave component of the wave func. Asymptotic form 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 7

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Correlation & Wave function c sc(r)| 2 -|j 0(r)| 2) [fm 2] R=1 fm, VI VIII R=5 fm, VI VIII 60 40 Small R : sensitive to V Large R : determined by χQ outside V → Lednický-Lyuboshitz formula Large Q : Oscillation washes out the difference Q=20 Me. V VI : Weak attraction 2 /4 R (| 20 VII: Stronger attraction r 2 e -r 2 0 (close to unitarity limit） -20 2016/8/9 0 2 4 6 r [fm] 8 10 VIII: Strong attraction （w/ bound state） The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 8

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Quantum Statistics (HBT/GGLP) Random Emission + Symmetrization Indistinguishable! 2 Symmetric C(Q) 1. 5 R=5 fm ~1/R 1 Anti-symmetric 0. 5 Q [Me. V] 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Fourier tr. of the emission func. 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 9

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) ΛΛ: Interacting Identical Fermion Wave function • 3 S (anti-symmetric) and 1 S (symmetric) 1 0 Triplet：No S-wave scattering Static Source: 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 10

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Effect of Expansion : Suppress emission into other directions than flowing (min. χ2 w. r. t R) Deforming the emission function - sensitive to the HBT part Diffferent C(Q) btw spherical and boost-invariant expanding sources 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 11

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Feed-Down Contribution Short-lived (Σ*, N* etc) : absorbed into R Ξ →Λ+π : (partly) subtracted Σ 0/Λ =0. 278 (p+Be data), Ξ/Λ = 0. 15 (RHIC)→ Λdir/Λtot = 0. 67 Σ 0→Λ+γ Λ Λ modification of R (0. 67)2 (0. 52 if including Ξ) R≫ 1/Q - Uncorrelated cannot be resolved Λ Counted 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 12

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Long Tail in ΛΛ Correlation “Residual” term χ2 fit in (ares, rres) for each R ares, rres become sensitive to interaction for small R 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 13

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Constraint on a 0 and reff 1/a 0 < -0. 8 [fm-1] No constraint on reff Weakly attracting regime 2016/8/9 STAR results : C(0) as a fitting parameter The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 14

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) pΩ : FSI-induced correlation kΩ V(r) Λ Wave function Coupled to ΛΞ (2430) and ΣΞ(2507) 3 S ：Absorption of S-wave component 1 kp Ξ Calculating from V(r) 5 S interaction 2 Taken from Lattice (HAL QCD) 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 15

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) NΩ potential (5 S 2) : motivated by LQCD 100 (a 0[fm], reff[fm], EB [Me. V]) 0 V(r) [Me. V] -100 -200 HAL QCD data -300 -400 Increasing b 5→ V I -500 Fit to data→ VII Fit to data -600 Decreasing b 5→ VIII -700 Coulomb -800 ! VI: (-1, 1. 15, N/A) VI+Vc : (-1. 12, 1. 16, N/A) VII: (23. 1, 0. 95, 0. 05) VII+Vc: (5. 79, 0. 96, 6. 3) VIII: (1. 6, 0. 65, 24. 8) VIII+Vc: (1. 29, 0. 65, 26. 9) 0 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 r [fm] Caveat : data obtained from heavy quark mass Following calculations use physical mass 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 16

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) pΩ Correlation : Ideal case (5 S 2 only) 2. 5 5 S 2 only, VI VIII VII 2 Fairly reflect V(r) Weakly attractive：C(Q) > 1 C(Q) VI 1. 5 Static Source No Coulomb, Rp=RW=2. 5 fm Close to unitary limit：C(Q) >> 1 Bound state：C(Q) < 1 1 V III 0. 5 0 20 40 C(Q) vs Scattering Length 60 80 100 120 140 7 Q=|mpk. W-m. Wkp|/M [Me. V/c] C(Q) 6 Q=20 Me. V, 5 S 2 only 5 Q=40 Me. V, 5 S 2 only 4 Q=60 Me. V, 5 S 2 only 3 VII Static source No Coulomb Rp=RW=2. 5 fm VI VIII 2 1 0 -1. 5 2016/8/9 -1 -0. 5 0 1/a 0 [fm -1] The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 0. 5 1 17

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) How to disentangle Coulomb / Strong? p p Coulomb dominated Strong int. dominated p p Ω p p Large R : many pairs are from longdistance - Coulomb-dominated p Difference informs about Strong int. Small R : most of pairs are from short-distance - Strong-int. dominated p p 2016/8/9 Ω p The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 18

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Small-Large Ratio CSL(Q) Taking ratio of C(Q) for small and large systems Resemble the ideal case Even with expansion 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 19

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Implications for J-PARC HI LHC, RHIC : Production of antiparticles, Multistrangeness J-PARC : Large Λ/π ratio Suitable for ΛΛ, YN, Ymeson (ΞΞ, ΩΩ possible? ) Less feed-down relevant for ΛΛ 2016/8/9 Production mechanism? The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 20

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Summary / Implications for J-PARC HI Femtoscopic Correlation : Space-time　 extent and Hadron-Hadron FSI Constraining Dynamical Modeling Different system (Centrality / Colliding nuclei) may strengthen resolving power Too large system : not suitable to see FSI Identical pairs more sensitive to dynamics Feed-down correction crucial Statistics for Low Q pair? 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 21

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Backup 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 22

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Heavy Ion Collisions as Hyperon Factory Pb+Pb 2. 76 ATe. V@LHC QGP : u, d, s Deconfined Chirally symmetric π π (60 -80%) N × 107 events (0 -5%) Λ π Ω Ξ K π π Enhanced pair creation of s-quarks N p K π Hadronization ~5 -10 fm/c, ~160 Me. V 2016/8/9 time The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 23

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Role of ΛΛ Interaction “H” (Jaffe ‘ 77) B=2, S=-2, JP=0+, I=0 (2231) (2386) (2259) would be ΛΛ bound state if strong attraction btw ΛΛ No quark Pauli blocking Lattice QCD (HAL QCD, NPLQCD) Bound “H” in SU(3)f limit Physical point : ongoing Deep “H” ruled out by double hypernuclei 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 24

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Examined ΛΛ int. Fit to double hypernuclei 2016/8/9 25

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Examined ΛΛ int. 2016/8/9 26

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Long Tail in C(Q) Σ 0 decay : apparent reduction of C(0) Free C(0) Fit yields anomalously small size Expansion / FSI cannot account for the long-tail 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 27

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) NΩ Interaction s u NΩ Dibaryon? (Goldman et al. , ‘ 87) u d s s B=2, S=-3, JP=2+, I=1/2 J=2 might be quasi-stable 8 f, 10 f-10 f: 8 f-8 f : D-wave – decay will be suppressed NΩ bound state if strong attraction exits No quark Pauli blocking Lattice QCD (HAL QCD) Bound state for mπ=875, m. K=916 Me. V Physical point : ongoing Experiment: pΩ 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 28

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) NΩ potential (5 S 2) : motivated by LQCD 100 (a 0[fm], reff[fm], EB [Me. V]) 0 V(r) [Me. V] -100 -200 HAL QCD data -300 -400 Increasing b 5→ V I -500 Fit to data→ VII Fit to data -600 Decreasing b 5→ VIII -700 Coulomb -800 ! VI: (-1, 1. 15, N/A) VI+Vc : (-1. 12, 1. 16, N/A) VII: (23. 1, 0. 95, 0. 05) VII+Vc: (5. 79, 0. 96, 6. 3) VIII: (1. 6, 0. 65, 24. 8) VIII+Vc: (1. 29, 0. 65, 26. 9) 0 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 1 1. 2 1. 4 1. 6 r [fm] Caveat : data obtained from heavy quark mass Following calculations use physical mass 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 29

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) 3 S Absorption 1 kΩ V(r) 2. 5 5 S 2 only, V I VIII 5 3 S 2+ S 1, VI VIII Static Source No Coulomb, R p=RW=2. 5 fm VI VII C(Q) kp 2 1. 5 1 Wave function V III 0. 5 0 20 40 (a) 60 80 100 120 140 Q=|mp k. W -m. W kp|/M [Me. V/c] 7 6 C(Q) 5 4 3 5 Q=20 Me. V, S 2 only 5 3 S 2+ S 1 5 Q=40 Me. V, S 2 only 5 3 S 2+ S 1 5 Q=60 Me. V, S 2 only 5 3 S 2+ S 1 VI (b) VII Static source No Coulomb Rp=RW=2. 5 fm VIII 2 1 0 -1. 5 -1 -0. 5 0 0. 5 1 -1 1/a 0 [fm ] 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 30

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Expanding System 1 -dim Boost-invariant expansion (Zhu et al. , Takeuchi et al. , ’ 15) LHC Pb+Pb 2. 76 AGe. V Central : τp = 20 fm/c, τΩ = 10 fm/c Tp = 120 Me. V, TΩ = 164 Me. V Rp = RΩ = 5 fm kt = 1. 25 Ge. V ( = <kt>) Peripheral : τp = 3 fm/c, τΩ = 2 fm/c Tp = TΩ = 164 Me. V Rp = RΩ = 2. 5 fm kt = 1 Ge. V (= <kt>) 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 31

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Coulomb Interaction =45 fm Coulomb int. dominates C(Q) near Q～ 0 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 32

Kenji Morita (YITP, Kyoto) Expanding System : no difference 1 -dim Boost-invariant expansion LHC Pb+Pb 2. 76 AGe. V Central : τp = 20 fm/c, τΩ = 10 fm/c Tp = 120 Me. V, TΩ = 164 Me. V Rp = RΩ = 5 fm kt = 1. 25 Ge. V ( = <kt>) Peripheral : τp = 3 fm/c, τΩ = 2 fm/c Tp = TΩ = 164 Me. V Rp = RΩ = 2. 5 fm kt = 1 Ge. V (= <kt>) 2016/8/9 The 34 th Reimei Work. Shop "Physics of Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC" 33