Karyotypes Chromosome Mutations Look at the karyotype for
- Slides: 31
Karyotypes & Chromosome Mutations
Look at the karyotype for the mutation
§ A karyotype is an organized profile of a person's chromosomes. § In a karyotype, chromosomes are arranged and numbered by size, from largest to smallest.
§ Karyotypes are done by doctors to diagnose some genetic disorders
§ A normal human karyotype has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs): #1 -22 are called autosomes #23 are called sex chromosomes
XX~ female XY~ male
RECALL…What is a mutation? § Any mistake or change in DNA sequence § Mutations can only be inherited if they occur in sex cells § Two types: Gene or chromosomal
Chromosomal mutation: affects whole or part of a chromosome Gene mutation: Changes to the bases in the DNA of ONE gene
Chromosomal Mutations § Change in # of chromosomes OR structure of the chromosome § Abnormality detected on karyotype § Five types
Can YOU spot the chromosomal mutation? ?
1) Deletion § Loss of all or part of a chromosome
2) Duplication § Produce extra copies of parts of a chromosome.
3) Inversion § Part of a chromosome breaks out and reinserts backwards.
4) Translocation § Part of a chromosome breaks off & attaches to another chromosome
5) Nondisjunction § Improper separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis § Results in extra or missing chromosomes in gametes
Types of Nondisjunction § Trisomy~ 3 copies of a chromosome § Monosomy~ 1 copy of a chromosome Remember—normally have 2 copies of each
Can you spot the mutation?
Down Syndrome – Trisomy 21 § Intellectual and developmental disabilities § may have heart defects and respiratory problems
Look at the karyotype for the mutation
Trisomy on Sex Chromosomes § XYY Syndrome – Extra Y § XXX Syndrome – Triple X
§ What is the mutation? § Boy or Girl?
Trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) § Extra fingers or toes § Cleft lip or palate (deformed lips) § Heart and brain structure problems § Die within 1 -2 years of age
§ What is the mutation? § Boy or Girl?
Turner’s Syndrome 45, X § § § Webbed neck Infertile Swollen hands & feet at birth § Heart defects
Chromosomal Mutations Videos § Chromosomal Mutations § Visualizing Nondisjunction
- Look up look down look all around
- Mutated karyotype
- Karyotype mutations
- Karyotype mutations
- Prokaryotic chromosome vs eukaryotic chromosome structure
- Whats a karyotype
- Karyotype of pku
- What does a pedigree chart show
- Using karyotypes to diagnose genetic disorders
- Pedigrees and karyotypes
- Different types of karyotypes
- Chapter 14 the human genome making karyotypes answer key
- H h
- Karyotypes of klinefelter syndrome
- Pku karyotype
- Reading karyotypes
- What does an individual chromosome look like
- What does an individual chromosome look like
- Activity 4 look for it
- Look at activity 1 and write
- Activity 1 look at the picture
- Cancer mutations
- Chapter 12 section 4 gene regulation and mutations
- Gene mutations
- Dna types of mutations
- Protein synthesis and mutations
- Amoeba sisters mutations worksheet
- Mutations in dna
- Chromosome mutation
- Permanent alteration
- Two types of point mutation
- Protein synthesis and mutations