Karen Valentin Stephanie Velarde Francesca Velarde THE END

Karen Valentin Stephanie Velarde Francesca Velarde THE END OF THE PROGRESSIVE ERA

William Howard Taft Roosevelt decided not to run in 1908 Chose Taft as successor 27 th president (1909 -1913) Liberal Republican

Few Months after Taking Office… The Payne-Aldrich Tariff Payne Bill: Lowered rates on imported and manufactured goods Aldrich Tariff: Increased tariffs Taft signed the Payne-Aldrich Compromise: Reduced rates but at the same time kept them high enough for proponents of lowering tariffs to complain

During his Term Richard A. Ballinger Gave some land Roosevelt placed in forest reserves to public domain Gifford Pinchot Accused Ballinger of colluding with business interests and unsupportive of environmental good Taft fired Pinchot in 1910

During his Term Persuade antitrust policy 1911: Wanted Supreme Court to declare Standard Oil Company in violation of Sherman Antitrust Act �Break up into separate companies Rule of reason Big business were not antitrust violators unless engaged in policies that got rid of competition

During his Term Supported 16 th amendment Congress could enact a graduated income tax The countries power, responsibilities, and expenditures where increasing Graduated income tax provided a secure source of money

During his Term Allowed the direct election of Senators Interstate Commerce Commission: Successfully set railroad rates Few paid attention to this or the 80 antitrust suits his administration initiated. Chief Justice of the United States

Election of 1912 Candidates William Howard Taft �Republican Party Woodrow Wilson �Democratic Party Theodore Roosevelt �Progressive Party Eugene Debs �Socialist Party

Theodore Roosevelt’s Challenge He challenged Taft for the Republican nomination Defenders �Taft betrayed the progressive platform �Roosevelt was pressured �He believed that he could do a better job Critics �They thought he had a huge ego �“Back stabbed” his friend Roosevelt was defeated

Candidate’s Platforms Theodore Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson New Nationalism policies Proposed the elimination of trusts A broad plan of social reform for America Wanted to preserve trusts but regulate them Campaigned on behalf of women’s suffrage Supported tariffs Minimum wage Worker’s compensation act Child labor law Believed each state should decide on the issue of women suffrage Criticized tariffs

Candidate’s Platforms Eugene V. Debs William Taft Few supported him • Abolish the “capitalistic system” Defended the Sherman Anti-Trust Act Opposed Child labor laws Labor unions Women suffrage Wanted to dismantle the national park system

How it all played out Taft and Roosevelt were both trying to gain the Republican Party’s votes Wilson won Republican votes were split in half Candidates Popular Vote Electoral College Vote Wilson/Marshall 41. 8% 81. 9% (435) Roosevelt/Johnson 27. 4% 16. 8% (88) Taft/Sherman 23. 2% 1. 5% (8) Debs/Seidel 6. 0% 0% (0)

Woodrow Wilson Born in Virginia December 28, 1856 Nominated as president in 1912 at democratic convention 28 th President Term: 1913 -1921

During his Term Neutral first three years of WWI (1913 -1916) Said America could not remain neutral in the WW 1 April, 2 1917 asked congress for a declaration of war on Germany Led America through WWI (1916 -1919) Hoped that participation in war would broker a peace treaty and end war forever

During his Term Campaigned on a program called New Freedom (1912) New Freedom: stressed individualism and states' rights Established an office near congress so he could meet with the members to talk about pending legislation

During his Term Underwood Tariff Act (1913) Reduced Tariff Created a graduated income tax

During his Term Federal Reserve System (1913): Dealt with 12 regional banks and the board governors Federal Trade Commission (1914): Prohibit unfair business practices Established 1914 by antitrust legislation

During his Term Clayton Antitrust act (1914): prohibits direct or indirect interference with trade Adamson Act (1916): 8 hr workday on railroads

During his Term 1 st pres. to constantly have press conferences to influence public opinion Dealt with progressivism and made his own version since Democrats were in control of congress

Citations Terrell, E. T. History of US Income Tax. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //www. loc. gov/rr/business/hottopic/irs_history. html Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //www. princeton. edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki 100 k/docs/Payn e-Aldrich_Tariff_Act. html William Howard Taft. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //www. whitehouse. gov/about/presidents/williamhowardta f

Citations About Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //www. wilsoncenter. org/about-woodrowwilson (1996) Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //www. history. com/topics/woodrow-wilson (2006) Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from http: //m. whitehouse. gov/about/presidents/woodrowwi lson