Kapsch Carrier Com AG UIC RF WS GERAN

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG UIC RF WS GERAN update on ER-GSM band 11. 04. 2013 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 1

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Introduction § Standardisation work progressing to include ER-GSM band into relevant Standards § ETSI TC RT activities closed § 3 GPP GERAN activities ongoing. . . §. . . ETSI MSG activities pending UL 873 876 880 890 915 P-GSM E-GSM R-GSM ER-GSM DL 918 921 925 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS 935 960 ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 2

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Frequency ecosystem in the Standards 3 GPP 1 st step ETSI TC RT GSM railway TSG GERAN GSM GPRS EDGE Change Request needed to refer to ERGSM band • TS 45. 001 • TS 45. 005 (RF parameters) • TS 51. 010 • TS 51. 021 (conformance testing) TSG CT CN Function (VGCS, billing) • TS 24. 008 (signalling capabilities) New version of TS mentioning ER-GSM band EN defining R-GSM band • 301 515 MSG European Harmonized Standards EN defining R-GSM band • 301 502 • 301 511 Harmonized Standard = applicable at EU level 2 phases approach: need to update 3 GPP TS first 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 3

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG 3 GPP GERAN activities 1/2 § During 3 GPP GERAN # 57 a Liaison Statement from 3 GPP RAN 4 was received § Reminder: RAN 4 is responsible for UTRA/E-UTRA specifications (UMTS and LTE experts) § The LS answers the GERAN question on UMTS and LTE BS sensitivity and blocking performances not explicitly defined in RAN 4 specifications RAN 4 recommends to set mitigation techniques (e. g. power reduction), so that Minimum Coupling Loss of 104/106 d. B is ensured between ER-GSM BTS emission and UTRA/E-UTRA reception § Based on this answer NSN proposed a further proceeding § No question about RAN 4 assumptions, but a segmentation approach of the ER-GSM band into different subbands, with power levels for each sub-band left to be defined in the co-existence study Mechanism allowing to minimize the power reduction required by RAN 4 (see slide 6) § Kapsch Carrier. Com disagreed with the conclusions from RAN 4 § Assumptions on sensitivity of UTRA/E-UTRA equipments seem to be under evaluated, estimated blocking requirements at 918 MHz very conservative Critics rejected as RAN 4 recommendations on their specifications prevail § Limitations of the emissions of ER-GSM equipments should be subject to regulatory rules and not 3 GPP specifications Public operators and Industry firmly in favour of a mandatory requirement in TS 45. 005 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 4

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG 3 GPP GERAN activities 2/2 § Kapsch Carrier. Com presented 4 contributions § Update of the co-existence analysis further parameters refined to take into consideration inputs from Public Industry and RAN 4 § Set of Change Requests to include ER-GSM in GERAN specifications § TS 45. 001, 45. 005 and 24. 008 (see slide 3) § TR 45. 050 "RF scenarios" Proposal to have no mandatory requirement in the main specifications and informative part in the TR Ø Proposal was discarded by Public operators and Industry and they would prefer to have a direct reference to the obligation of non-impact of ER-GSM equipments in the main specifications § Offline discussion was held where Kapsch Carrier. Com proposed a way forward § See next slides for details § Generally Public operators and Industry ok with it § Way forward not officially communicated, waiting for Railway Operators opinion 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 5

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Simulation of impact: NSN proposal § In their Proposed Further Proceeding NSN § Retained ER-GSM BTS power level of 6/8 d. B for coexistence with UTRA/E-UTRA from RAN 4 assumptions § Highlighted that power level at 921. 2 MHz can be up to 48 -50 d. Bm without restriction Ø Proposed segmentation of ER-GSM band to allow for different carrier output power levels depending on the frequency offset to the GSM 900 UL band § Assuming the 40 d. B are equally distributed on 3 segments of 1 MHz each power limits would be § Power limit C (918 -919 MHz) = 6/8 d. Bm coverage distance divided by 8 § Power limit B (919 -920 MHz) = 19/21 d. Bm coverage distance divided by 4 -5 § Power limit A (920 -921 MHz) = 32/34 d. Bm coverage distance divided by 2 -3 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 6

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Offline session: proposed way forward § Participants and goal § Kapsch Carrier. Com, NSN, Ericsson, Telecom Italia, Vodafone § Attempt to find a compromise solution based on all comments expressed during the official ER-GSM session § Main result: it is proposed to add the following paragraph in TS 45. 005 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 7

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Analysis of the proposed way forward 1/2 § Preliminary remarks § The proposed way forward is a drastic change from RAN 4 and NSN proposals: § No limitation of emission power at ER-GSM BTS side § Instead it considers emission levels received at victim system § In practice the proposed way forward is not directly binding ER-GSM emission, but will require analysis from a regulatory body to assess if victim system is indeed receiving exceeding levels § Would a regulator require ER-GSM BTS to minimize the levels at victim side this could be done either by power reduction or engineering modification (antenna gain, tilt, . . . ) § Explanations about figures in the proposed way forward § Reappraisal of RAN 4 inputs would lead to considerable delays with jeopardized success § Values of -40. 4, -58. 7 and -60. 7 d. Bm and slope of 13 d. B/MHz are taken from Kapsch Carrier. Com co-existence study on ER-GSM introduction (including RAN 4 inputs) 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 8

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Analysis of the proposed way forward 2/2 § Graphic representation of the proposed way forward Max received level @victim system 0 -10 -20 -30 d. B MCBTS -40 UTRA E-UTRA -50 -60 -70 918 921 MHz 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 9

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Simulation of impact § Goal and Working assumptions § The following analysis derives the worst case scenarios (e. g. 104/106 d. B of MCL as assumed by RAN 4) to simulate the distance at which a ER-GSM BTS should be placed from a victim system to ensure safe operation of UTRA/E-UTRA equipments Kapsch Carrier. Com is of the opinion that MCL is over estimated and that real cases interferences are likely to be lower than in the simulations § The following working assumptions are taken § ER-GSM BTS: output RF power = 45 d. Bm, antenna gain = 17 d. B, no tilt, coupling losses = 5 d. B § Victim system: antenna gain = 13 d. B, cable losses = 3 d. B, tilt effect = 4 d. B § 3 aiming configuration considered: 0 d. B (ER-GSM antenna pointing directly to UMTS site), -3 d. B (30° from UMTS site direction), -10 d. B (60° from UMTS site direction) § Propagation models: Free space model (only valid for distance < 5 km), Hata Urban & Sub-Urban (valid for distance > 1 km) 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 10

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Simulation of impact: victim considered = MCBTS 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 11

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Simulation of impact: victim considered = UTRA 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 12

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Simulation of impact: victim considered = E-UTRA 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 13

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Conclusions § Pros of the way forward § Balance power at 3 GPP GERAN level not in favour of the railways § Inductive limitation (received signals at victim system): implication of regulatory bodies § Different methods to implement mitigation if required § Limited impact on deployment scenarios provided RAN 4 assumptions are unrealistic § Fastest way to finalize ER-GSM band introduction in 3 GPP GERAN specifications § Cons of the way forward § Some channels will not be available in dense urban areas § Could jeopardize deployment scenarios of ER-GSM sites even years after unless a precedence rule is established stating that the way forward is not applicable to UMTS/LTE sites activated after ER-GSM BTS deployment 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 14

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Next steps § RTEGSM-R #14 meeting on 23 -24 April in Munich § Drafting of Change Requests / Liaison Statement towards 3 GPP GERAN § 3 GPP GERAN #58 meeting on 13 -17 May in Xiamen § Continued discussion on impact from ER-GSM band introduction onto existing systems § Approval of Change Requests? 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 15

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG Thank you for your attention. Thomas Chatelet Railways Regulatory Affairs Railways Customer Solutions Management Kapsch Carrier. Com France SAS SITE DE IMMONTIGNY | 1 RUE JEAN PIERRE TIMBAUD | CS 80737 | 78066 SAINT QUENTIN EN YVELINES CEDEX Phone +33 (0)1 30 23 71 43 | Mobile +33 (0)6 64 04 78 81 E-mail thomas. chatelet@kapsch. net | www. kapsch. net Please Note: The content of this presentation is the intellectual property of Kapsch AG and all rights are reserved with respect to the copying, reproduction, alteration, utilization, disclosure or transfer of such content to third parties. The foregoing is strictly prohibited without the prior written authorization of Kapsch Traffic. Com AG. Product and company names may be registered brand names or protected trademarks of third parties and are only used herein for the sake of clarification and to the advantage of the respective legal owner without the intention of infringing proprietary rights. 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 16

Kapsch Carrier. Com AG www. kapsch. net 14. 02. 2022 | UIC RF WS ETSI & GERAN update on ER-GSM band | 17