July 2012 doc IEEE 802 15 12 0184

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru Project: IEEE P 802. 15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [IG SRU Technical Document] Date Submitted: [18 July, 2012] Source: [Shoichi Kitazawa] Company [ATR ] Address [2 -2 -2 Hikaridai Seika, Kyoto 619 -0288 Japan] Voice: [+81 -774 -95 -1511], FAX: [+81 -774 -95 -1508], E-Mail: [kitazawa@atr. jp] Re: [] Abstract: [This document summarizes of technical issues discussed in IG SRU meeting. ] Purpose: [To summarizes of contribution regarding spectrum resource utilization in WPAN’s. ] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P 802. 15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P 802. 15. Submission Slide 1 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru IG SRU Technical Document Shoichi Kitazawa Submission Slide 2 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru Authors / Contributors Name Shoichi Kitazawa Satoshi Tsukamoto Tomohiro Miyasaka Kohji Ohshima Kazuto Yano Narihiro Nakamoto Masashiro Uno Kiyoshi Kobayashi Yasuo Suzuki Miki Sato Masazui Ueba Mineo Takai Jitin Bajaj Wooseong Kim Brian Choi Mario Gerla Bob Conley Steven Schennum Yukimasa Nagai Submission Company ATR email kitazawa@atr. jp tsukamoto@atr. jp miyasaka@atr. jp k_ohshima@atr. jp kzyano@atr. jp nakamoto_n@atr. jp uno@atr. jp kobayashi@atr. jp mineo@cs. ucla. edu UCLA Computer Science Department Eigen Wireless Gonzaga University Mitsubishi Electric Slide 3 bconley@eigenwireless. com schennum@gonzaga. edu Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru Table of Contents I. Introduction I-1. Activity of IG SRU II. Problems in Unlicensed band III. Possible solutions III-1. DSA system III-2. Any other solution IV. Topics to be discussed in the next step IV-1. Applications and System requirement IV-2. Technical issues IV-3. 5 C & PAR V. References Submission Slide 4 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru I. Introduction • This technical document provides summary of contribution of IG SRU regarding efficient use spectrum resources. – The IG SRU chartered to explore mechanism of efficient spectrum use in ISM and unlicensed band. – The draft plan of IG SRU, the IG SRU will release a report at March 2012 plenary meeting. Submission Slide 5 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru I-2. Activity of IG SRU • The IG SRU meeting held every plenary meeting. Year Month Venue Agenda Closing Report Minutes Number of participant 2010 November Dallas 15 -10 -0839 -01 15 -10 -0924 -01 15 -10 -0934 -00 10 2011 March Singapore 15 -11 -0159 -01 15 -11 -0298 -00 15 -11 -0440 -00 8 July San Francisco 15 -11 -0456 -00 15 -11 -0552 -00 15 -11 -755 -00 11 November Atlanta 15 -11 -0757 -01 15 -11 -0830 -00 15 -12 -0106 -00 13 March Waikoloa 15 -12 -0107 -00 15 -12 -0191 -00 15 -12 -0197 -00 4 2012 Submission Slide 6 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II. Problems in Unlicensed band • II-1 Current situation – Measured results of 2. 4 GHz band. • II-2 Future problem – 900 MHz – 2. 4 GHz – 5 GHz • II-3 Submission Measurement system Slide 7 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-1. Current situation • There are various radio system autonomously operated in unlicensed band. It is expected that degradation of system performance will be occur in a high traffic load situation due to inter-system interference. • To confirm current situation of 2. 4 GHz ISM band, following locations were measured. – – Submission Airport Conference room Residential area Hospital Slide 8 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-1. Current situation Airport • Haneda (Tokyo International Airport) – 61 million passengers/Year • Large number of AP and STA were observed. -114 d. Bm 10: 00 Signal strength -34 d. Bm Time – 10: 15 2. 4 GHz Submission Frequency Spectrogram 2. 5 GHz Slide 9 Number of AP and STA Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-1. Current situation Airport • Narita International Airport – 30 million passengers/Year • Large number STA were observed. -114 d. Bm Signal strength -34 d. Bm Time 16: 00 16: 15 2. 4 GHz Frequency 2. 5 GHz Spectrogram Submission Slide 10 Number of AP and STA Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-1. Current situation Conference room • Opening plenary meeting of WG 15 (July 2011. ) – 19 AP’s were observed at CH 1, 6, 7, 11 30 sec 11: 47 11: 32 2. 4 GHz Frequency 2. 4 GHz 2. 48 GHz Frequency 2. 48 GHz Spectrogram Submission Slide 11 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-1. Current situation Residential area • There are more than 20 houses and apartment houses within a 50 -meters radius. 30 sec – WLAN 15 AP’s were observed at CH 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 11. – FH system (cordless telephone) 2. 4 GHz Frequency Spectrogram Submission Slide 12 2. 48 GHz Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru Hospital • Kyoto University Hospital – Number of Beds: 1121 – Bluetooth and WLAN are equipped in the hospital. • The ISM band is congested with WLAN, Bluetooth and Microwave oven. Spectrogram Submission Slide 13 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru In Car communication • • Wireless communication inside the car will be common near future. Throughput of WLAN and Bluetooth were simulated. – Each car using WLAN and Bluetooth. – 2 Scenarios Case 2 Case 1 Submission Slide 14 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-2. Future problem • In 2. 4 GHz ISM band, many kinds of SRD’s becomes more common. – In this band, more congestion is expected. • Recently, unlicensed band at sub 1 GHz are attracting attention for M 2 M communication. – It is likely that congestion situation similar to 2. 4 GHz ISM band will be occur in the near future. Submission Slide 15 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru II-3. Measurement system • Following measurement system were used for assessment of 2. 4 GHz situation. – Air. Magnet. Wi. Fi by Fluke Networks – Wi-Spy 2. 4 x by Metageek – Developed RF signal recorder system Block diagram of measurement system Submission Slide 16 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III. Possible solutions In this section, promising technologies for efficient use of spectrum resources are summarized. • III-1 DSA system – Concept – System detail – Simulation results • III-2 Other solutions – Intelligent Spectrum Sensing for vehicular Communications in the ISM Bands – Smart Antenna Opportunities for Spectrum Resource Usage Improvements – Cooperative Channel Segmentation for Interference Mitigation in the 2. 4 GHz Band Submission Slide 17 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA System In this subsection following topics are described. – – – Submission Concept of proposed DSA Feature of DSA Frequency Channel Plan in 2. 4 GHz Band Frame Configuration for CCH Simulation Slide 18 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Concept of proposed DSA • DSA system transmits own traffic over fragmented unused radio resources detected by spectrum sensing. • It shares radio resources, managing the influence on other wireless system. Submission Slide 19 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Features of DSA system • The system consisting of an access point (AP) and mobile stations (MS). • For efficient spectrum use and low overhead, – Carrier sense to avoid interference to/from the other radio systems, but without random back-off (fixedlength quiet time) – TDMA (polling) with DSA forming time frame and slots – Using a Control Channel (CCH) with frequency hopping (FH) for link establishment – Spectrum divided and single carrier modulation Submission Slide 20 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Frequency Channel Plan in 2. 4 GHz Band • 80 Frequency channel unit(FCU) in 80 MHz. • Control channel (CCH) hops on predetermined subset of frequency channels. • Data link channel (DCH) signal can be divided into multiple subspectra. Example of DCH signal spectrum 1 FCU Submission 3 FCU Slide 21 4 FCU Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Frame Configuration • Frame and CCH hopping period of 5 ms • Sensing and guard duration (quiet time) of 200 ms • 4+4 slots TDMA-TDD Submission Slide 22 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Simulation • The performance of the DSA when the system coexists with WLAN and/or BT were evaluated by network simulator based on Qual. Net. – Qual. Net with newly developed library for inter-system interference evaluation. • Performance index – MAC throughput – Amount of unused resources Submission Slide 23 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Simulation settings • • 30 m x 30 m area with AWGN propagation channel WLAN (IEEE 802. 11 g ERP-OFDM DCF) Bluetooth (Bluetooth 2. 0+EDR) DSA system WLAN Bluetooth (BT) DSA Physical Data rate 54 Mbps Physical Data rate 1, 2, 3 Mbps Physical Data rate 2. 8 Mbps/MHz TX Power +16 d. Bm TX Power 0 d. Bm TX Power +4 d. Bm Application CBR (AP STA) Application CBR (Full buffer) Application CBR (AP MS) Offered load 17, 20 Mbps AFH ON Offered load 20 Mbps Submission Slide 24 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Simulation Scenarios Condition Case 1 WLAN 3 BSS’s (ch 1, 6, 11) Condition Case 4 -1 + DSA 1 pair Case 2 -1 + WLAN 1 BSS (ch 3) Case 4 -2 + DSA 2 pairs Case 2 -2 + WLAN 2 BSS’s (ch 3, 9) Case 4 -3 + DSA 3 pairs Case 2 -3 + WLAN 3 BSS’s (ch 3, 5, 9) Case 4 -4 + DSA 4 pairs Case 2 -4 + WLAN 4 BSS’s (ch 3, 5, 9, 13) Case 5 + WLAN 1 BSS + BT 2 pairs Case 3 -1 + BT 1 pair Case 6 + WLAN 1 BSS + DSA 2 pairs Case 3 -2 + BT 2 pairs Case 7 + WLAN 1 BSS + BT 1 pair+DSA 2 pairs Case 3 -3 + BT 3 pairs Case 3 -4 + BT 4 pairs Submission Slide 25 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 1: Baseline condition • WLAN 3 BSS’s operate at Ch 1, 6, 11 in 30 m × 30 m area – Total throughput: 57. 6 Mbps – Node throughput: 19. 2 Mbps Node location Submission Unused resources Slide 26 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 2: Setting & Location • Adding more WLAN BSS to Case 1. Case 2 -1 Case 2 -4 Case 2 -3 Case 2 -2 Node location Submission Slide 27 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 2: Simulation results Average node throughput becomes deteriorate with the increase of number of BSS. Average node throughput Submission Slide 28 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Resource usage Case 2 -1 Submission Case 2 -4 Slide 29 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 3: Setting & Location • Adding Bluetooth piconet to Case 1. Case 3 -1 Case 3 -2 Case 3 -4 Case 3 -3 Node location Submission Slide 30 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 3: Simulation results The unused resource ratio increase according to increase of BT node. Average node throughput Submission Slide 31 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Resource usage Case 3 -1 Submission Case 3 -4 Slide 32 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 4: Setting & Location • Adding DSA group to Case 1. Case 4 -4 Case 4 -2 Case 4 -1 Case 4 -3 Node location Submission Slide 33 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 4: Simulation results Even if the number of DSA nodes increase, throughput of the WLAN does not deteriorate. Average node throughput Submission Slide 34 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Resource usage Case 4 -1 Submission Case 4 -4 Slide 35 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 5 to 7 : Setting & Location Coexistence with WLAN, BT, DSA Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Node location Submission Slide 36 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Case 5 to 7: Simulation results Average node throughput Submission Slide 37 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Resource usage Case 5 Submission Case 6 Slide 38 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Resource usage Case 7 Submission Slide 39 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-1. DSA system Short Summary • The concept of the DSA system has been presented. – Spectrum sensing for detecting unused radio resources – Dynamic assignment of DCH spectrum – TDMA • The network simulation results show that effectiveness of proposed DSA system under congestion condition. – Higher area throughput – Coexistence with other system Acknowledgment This work is supported by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications under a grant “Research and development on radio resource control technologies among multiple radio systems on same frequency band. ” Submission Slide 40 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solutions In this section, outline of two presentation at the IG SRU meeting are introduced. Submission Slide 41 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solution Intelligent Spectrum Sensing for vehicular Communications in the ISM Bands(15 -11 -0528) • Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V 2 V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V 2 I) communications via ISM band were considered. • Adopt a cognitive radio approach to avoid interfering and / or being interfered with other communications. • Channel workload estimation module on an SDR for V 2 V / V 2 I communications in the ISM bands were implemented. – Estimated workload have a strong correlation with actual workload – A shorter scanning cycle gives better estimation Submission Slide 42 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solution Intelligent Spectrum Sensing for vehicular Communications in the ISM Bands(15 -11 -0528) Submission Slide 43 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solution Smart Antenna Opportunities for Spectrum Resource Usage Improvements (15 -11 -0817) • Measurement results of 2. 4 GHz ISM band were shown. – Vertical and Horizontal antenna were used. • To avoid interference, “Smart Antenna” using array configurations has been proposed. Submission Slide 44 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solution Cooperative Channel Segmentation for Interference Mitigation in the 2. 4 GHz Band (15 -12 -0183) • Bluetooth and IEEE 802. 11 are sometimes used simultaneously in mutually. • Shares the mutual interference channel information and divides operation. • Propose the Cooperative Channel Segmentation (CCS) which mitigate mutual interference and improve throughput. • Results show over 10 % improvement for WLAN throughput against Legacy AFH, and achieve error free for Bluetooth cased by interference. Submission Slide 45 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru III-2. Other solution Cooperative Channel Segmentation for Interference Mitigation in the 2. 4 GHz Band (15 -12 -0183) Submission Slide 46 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru IV. Topics to be discussed in the next step • IV-1 Applications and System requirement • IV-2 Technical issues • IV-3 5 C & PAR Submission Slide 47 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru IV-1. Applications and System requirement The following applications were extracted from document 15 -110162 -01 -0 sru and 15 -11 -0528 -00 -0 sru. • Home monitoring – Intercommunication system – Security – Health care • Vehicular communications – Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V 2 V) – Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V 2 I) Submission Slide 48 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru IV-2. Technical issues More detail about PHY and MAC requirement for efficient use of spectrum resources will be added this section. Submission Slide 49 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru IV-3. 5 C & PAR It is necessary to think about 5 C&PAR for transition to the next step. • PAR (Project Authorization Request) – – Scope of Proposed Standard Purpose of Proposed Standard Need for the Project Stakeholders for the Standard • 5 C (Five Criteria) – – – Submission Broad Market Potential Compatibility Distinct Identity Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility Slide 50 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)

July 2012 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -12 -0184 -01 -0 sru List of Technical Contribution for IG SRU Doc No. 15 -10 -886 -000 SRU 15 -11 -0161 -000 SRU Auther Affiriation Tittle Meeting Shoichi Kitazawa ATR Experimental results of High traffic-load situation Dallas Shoichi Kitazawa ATR System concept of DSA Singapore 15 -11 -0162 -010 SRU Shoichi Kitazawa ATR Home monitoring applications Singapore 15 -11 -0508 -000 SRU Shoichi Kitazawa ATR Current situation in 2. 4 GHz ISM band San Francisco 15 -11 -0528 -000 SRU Mineo Takai Intelligent Spectrum Sensing for vehicular Communications in the ISM Bands San Francisco 15 -11 -0764 -000 SRU Shoichi Kitazawa ATR Performance simulation of DSA system Atlanta 15 -11 -0817 -010 SRU Bob Conley UCLA Gonzaga University Smart Antenna Opportunities for Spectrum Resource Atlanta Eigen Wireless Usage Improvements 15 -12— 0121 -02 Shoichi Kitazawa ATR Overview of IG SRU Activities Waikoloa 0 SRU 15 -12 -0183 -00 Cooperative Channel Segmentation for interference Yukimasa Nagai Mitsubishi Electric Waikoloa 0 SRU mitigation in the 2. 4 GHz ISM Band Submission Slide 51 Shoichi Kitazawa (ATR)