JUDAISM 101 ROOTS OF JUDAISM You can argue

  • Slides: 43
Download presentation
JUDAISM 101

JUDAISM 101

ROOTS OF JUDAISM You can argue Judaism goes back to Adam however what we

ROOTS OF JUDAISM You can argue Judaism goes back to Adam however what we know as Judaism has its foundations in Moses and can be traced back to Abraham. Go to Video Clip: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=I 48 hr 8 Hh. Dv 0

ABRAHAM Genesis 12: 1 -3 The LORD had said to Abram, “Go from your

ABRAHAM Genesis 12: 1 -3 The LORD had said to Abram, “Go from your country, your people and your father’s household to the land I will show you. I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you; I will make your name great, and you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and whoever curses you I will curse; and all peoples on earth will be blessed through you. ”

THE STORY OF ABRAHAM… • Moved to Canaan and Prospered • Nephew Lot Moved

THE STORY OF ABRAHAM… • Moved to Canaan and Prospered • Nephew Lot Moved to Sodom (Ka-boom!) • Promised a Son but tried to cheat • Finally had the promised son and God asked for him back… • Then he died

ABRAHAM’S FAMILY • Ishmael and Isaac • Jacob and Esau (sons of Isaac) •

ABRAHAM’S FAMILY • Ishmael and Isaac • Jacob and Esau (sons of Isaac) • Jacob and all of his drama (marries 2 sisters) • Joseph and how they got to Egypt

WIVES OF JACOB ISHMAEL ESAU LEAH ABRAHAM ISAAC JACOB ZILPAH BILHAH THE TRIBES OF

WIVES OF JACOB ISHMAEL ESAU LEAH ABRAHAM ISAAC JACOB ZILPAH BILHAH THE TRIBES OF ISRAEL RACHEL EPHRAIM & MANASSEH REUBEN SIMEON LEVI JUDAH ISSACHAR ZEBULUN GAD ASHER DAN NAPHTALI JOSEPH BENJAMIN

MOSES AND FREEDOM • Hebrews murdered and Moses survives to live in the house

MOSES AND FREEDOM • Hebrews murdered and Moses survives to live in the house of the Pharaoh • Moses kills an Egyptian, flees Egypt, and meets God • Moses returns to Egypt “Let my people go!” • The Plagues

FREEDOM AND THE LAW • This is where Judaism technically begins (The 10 Commandments)

FREEDOM AND THE LAW • This is where Judaism technically begins (The 10 Commandments) • The Conquest of Canaan and the Kingdom of Israel

THE FIVE OFFERINGS Old Testament Judaism

THE FIVE OFFERINGS Old Testament Judaism

BURNT OFFERING • Element: Bull, ram, or male bird • Purpose: Voluntary act of

BURNT OFFERING • Element: Bull, ram, or male bird • Purpose: Voluntary act of worship atonement for unintentional sin • God’s portion: Entire Animal • Priest’s portion: Skin (to be sold)

GRAIN OFFERING • Element: Grain, fine flour, olive oil, incense, baked bread, salt •

GRAIN OFFERING • Element: Grain, fine flour, olive oil, incense, baked bread, salt • Purpose: Voluntary act of worship; recognition of God’s goodness • God’s portion: Priest kept a handful for himself and burned the rest (priest had to consume his portion within the precincts of the Temple/Tabernacle)

PEACE OFFERING • Element: Any “clean” animal without defect; bread • Purpose: Voluntary act

PEACE OFFERING • Element: Any “clean” animal without defect; bread • Purpose: Voluntary act of worship (included a communal meal for the worshipper) • God’s portion: Fatty portions (including kidney, liver, and tail) • Priest’s portion: Breast to High Priest, front legs to officiating priests • The Individual: rest to be eaten within 3 days or burned.

SIN OFFERING • Elements: Young bull for High Priest and full congregation; blood sprinkled

SIN OFFERING • Elements: Young bull for High Priest and full congregation; blood sprinkled on the veil and horns of the altar of incense. Male goat for a leader (blood same as before); Female goat for a commoner (same with the blood); Dove or pigeon for poor person (same with the blood); small measure of flour for the very poor (no blood)

SIN OFFERING CONTINUED • Purpose: Mandatory atonement for sin; confession of sin, forgiveness of

SIN OFFERING CONTINUED • Purpose: Mandatory atonement for sin; confession of sin, forgiveness of sin, and cleansing from defilement. • God’s portion: Fatty portions (kidneys, liver, tail) • Priests portion: None; had to be burned outside of the camp • Others portion: had to be eaten within the court of the Tabernacle/Temple

TRESPASS OFFERING • Element: Ram • Purpose: Mandatory atonement for sin that required restitution;

TRESPASS OFFERING • Element: Ram • Purpose: Mandatory atonement for sin that required restitution; Worshipper also had to pay a fine of 20% (of total damages) to the Tabernacle/Temple. • God’s Portion: Fatty Portions (same as others) • Priests portion: Everything else but it had to be eaten at within the Temple courts.

HOW DO WE APPLY THIS? We don’t! Jesus died to fulfill the sacrificial system!!!

HOW DO WE APPLY THIS? We don’t! Jesus died to fulfill the sacrificial system!!!

 • How Modern Judaism Began: Emancipation and the Enlightenment • History of Jewish

• How Modern Judaism Began: Emancipation and the Enlightenment • History of Jewish Movements: Reform, Conservative and Orthodox

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath observance and also tend to follow special dress and grooming requirements (e. g. no cutting of the beard or hair from the sides of the head). Emphasis on adherence to the letter of tradition in the Torah and Talmud. • Like Fundamentalist or Amish

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath observance and also tend to follow special dress and grooming requirements (e. g. no cutting of the beard or hair from the sides of the head). Emphasis on adherence to the letter of tradition in the Torah and Talmud. • Reform- 19 th century movement among Jews who wanted to move into the mainstream of European society. Dietary laws, Sabbath observance optional, though often observed. Later equality for women and homosexuality was seen as acceptable. The Tanakh's ethical teachings are emphasized over ritual and ceremony, and services are often conducted in the native language of the congregation rather than in Hebrew. Like mainline Protestants

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath

BRANCHES OF MODERN JUDAISM • Orthodox - Members strictly follow dietary laws and Sabbath observance and also tend to follow special dress and grooming requirements (e. g. no cutting of the beard or hair from the sides of the head). Emphasis on adherence to the letter of tradition in the Torah and Talmud. • Reform- 9 th century movement in Judaism among Jews who wanted to move into the mainstream of European society. Dietary laws, Sabbath observance optional, though often observed. Later equality for women and homosexuality was seen as acceptable. The Tanakh's ethical teachings are emphasized over ritual and ceremony, and services are often conducted in the native language of the congregation rather than in Hebrew. • - Conservative Began as a 19 th Century reaction to Reform Judaism. Members embrace modern dress. Women have more room to move out of traditional roles as mothers and homemakers. Admitted women Rabbis starting in the 1980 s. Still follow nearly all Jewish laws. • Like Protestant Evangelicals.

JEWISH RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS • Passover: celebrating the last plague when Israel was saved •

JEWISH RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS • Passover: celebrating the last plague when Israel was saved • Unleavened Bread: commemorates the 1 st 7 days of the Exodus • The Feast of Weeks: (aka Pentecost) 5 weeks following Passover, end of first harvest • The Feast of Trumpets: Prepare for the Day of Atonement

JEWISH RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS • The Day of Atonement: Priest offers sin offering for all

JEWISH RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS • The Day of Atonement: Priest offers sin offering for all of Israel • Feast of Tabernacles: after fall harvest, remembrance of the 40 years in the wilderness • Feast of the Last Great Day: festival marking the end of the festivals!

JEWISH CIVIC HOLIDAYS • Purim: Celebration of deliverance in the book of Esther •

JEWISH CIVIC HOLIDAYS • Purim: Celebration of deliverance in the book of Esther • The Festival of Lights (Hanukkah): A small band of Jewish Rebels known as the Maccabees defeat the Greeks

THEOLOGY OF MODERN JUDAISM The Nature of God • God Exists: • God is

THEOLOGY OF MODERN JUDAISM The Nature of God • God Exists: • God is One: The Holy Spirit is the force of God’s work taking place • God created everything: did God create evil? • God is Incorporeal: not physical

 • God is neither male nor female • God is Omnipresent • God

• God is neither male nor female • God is Omnipresent • God is Omnipotent • God is Omniscient • God is Eternal • God is both Just and Merciful • God is Holy and Perfect • God is Father and King

HUMAN NATURE • Created in the Image of God • What is the Image

HUMAN NATURE • Created in the Image of God • What is the Image of God? All reference to God’s “body” are simply figures of speech • Hebrew word “Tzelem” (image/likeness) is referring to the nature or essence • Dual Nature: Free-will and inclined to both good and evil

HA MASHIACH (THE MESSIAH) • Belief in the coming Messiah is a basic and

HA MASHIACH (THE MESSIAH) • Belief in the coming Messiah is a basic and fundamental part of Judaism • The Messiah is not mentioned in the first 5 books (Pentateuch)… age of prophets • The term Mashiach (Messiah) means “anointed one” • Messiah is not a “savior” or a divine, innocent, or semi-divine being who will sacrifice himself to save us (this is a Christian concept not at all a part of Judaism)

MESSIAH CONTINUED… • Messiah will be a great political figure descended from David (Jeremiah

MESSIAH CONTINUED… • Messiah will be a great political figure descended from David (Jeremiah 23: 5), very charismatic, and inspiring others to follow. • A great military leader and great judge (Jeremiah 33: 15) • In every generation a person is born to fulfil this role until the time is right.

WHEN WILL THE MESSIAH COME? • If Israel repents in a single day •

WHEN WILL THE MESSIAH COME? • If Israel repents in a single day • If the Sabbath was observed properly • Or if Israel observed two Sabbaths in a row properly • If an entire generation is totally innocent/totally guilty • If an entire generation loses hope • Or a pre-determined date only God knows…

WHAT ABOUT JESUS? • Jesus is not the Messiah • Assuming he actually existed

WHAT ABOUT JESUS? • Jesus is not the Messiah • Assuming he actually existed (Jewish history indicates he did) and if the New testament is accurate, Jesus did not fulfill the requirements of a political and military leader like David. • Simon Bar Kokhba fulfilled this role a century after Jesus… and was killed • Several Jewish Wars with Rome

JUDAISM IN THE NEW TESTAMENT • Jesus, Pharisees, Sadducees, Synagogues, and the Temple of

JUDAISM IN THE NEW TESTAMENT • Jesus, Pharisees, Sadducees, Synagogues, and the Temple of Herod… • Read Matthew 23: Can the church sometimes act like the Pharisees? How? • What does the church do to push people away? • How do we fix it?

JUDAISM IN THE NEW TESTAMENT • Jews began persecuting the church starting with Jesus

JUDAISM IN THE NEW TESTAMENT • Jews began persecuting the church starting with Jesus • When Christianity was legalized after A. D. 313 the church began persecuting Jews. • Read James 3: 9 • Why hasn’t the church followed this principle?

PERSECUTION OF JEWS As defined by the church: • Good Anti-Semitism: alleged conspiracy, placed

PERSECUTION OF JEWS As defined by the church: • Good Anti-Semitism: alleged conspiracy, placed blame • Bad Anti-Semitism: hatred because of descent • Examples of anti-Semitism: • Blood Libel: Jews used Christian blood in rituals • Black Death: Jews caused it

CHRISTIANS VS JEWS • Why violence? • Why hurt people we disagree with? •

CHRISTIANS VS JEWS • Why violence? • Why hurt people we disagree with? • All people are created in God’s Image… all people have worth • Something to think about: How about trying love?

SOME APPLICATION • Sometimes we become so unlike Jesus… the church has a bad

SOME APPLICATION • Sometimes we become so unlike Jesus… the church has a bad historical record. • However we can change that! We can’t change the past but we can make sure history doesn’t repeat.

THE LONGEST HATRED This video is strongly from the Jewish perspective and how they

THE LONGEST HATRED This video is strongly from the Jewish perspective and how they believe the world sees them (please keep that in mind as we watch). Take notes on what has been done to the Jewish people, how they feel about it, and how they feel about Christians. Your notes can be used as a source in an upcoming essay.

AFTER VIDEO DISCUSSION • What is Anti-Semitism to you? • What did the church

AFTER VIDEO DISCUSSION • What is Anti-Semitism to you? • What did the church do and why? • What is right or wrong with the modern Jewish perspective?

REDEMPTIVE ANALOGY • Redemptive Analogy: embedded in a culture, there is usually some practice

REDEMPTIVE ANALOGY • Redemptive Analogy: embedded in a culture, there is usually some practice or understanding which can be used to demonstrate the Gospel. • Story of “The Peace Child” • In Judaism it is simple… do as the Apostles! • However, the church has to overcome offense that has been caused. There is a way.

THE FULFILLMENT OF JUDAISM • Handout (instructions) • Use and correctly cite at least

THE FULFILLMENT OF JUDAISM • Handout (instructions) • Use and correctly cite at least 3 sources (your notes count as source; You must cite the Bible but it does not count as a source) • Remember the Redemptive Analogy!