JOURNALISM DEFINITIONS Journalism is gathering processing and dissemination

JOURNALISM

DEFINITIONS � � � Journalism is gathering, processing and dissemination of news and information related to the news to an audience. The word applies to both the method of inquiring for news and the literary style which is used to disseminate it. The media through which journalism is conducted vary diversely to include content published via newspapers and magazines (print), television and radio, and their digital versions published through digital media- news websites and applications.

DEFINITIONS � In a democratic society, however, access to free information plays a central role in creating a system of checks and balance, and in distributing power equally amongst governments, businesses individuals and other media sources, which adhere to journalistic standards, can also be service to ordinary citizens, by empowering them with the tools. � The role and status of journalism, along with that of the mass media, has undergone profound changes over the last two decades with the advance digital technology and publication of news on the internet.

DEFINITIONS � Journalism is the activity of gathering, assessing, creating, and presenting news and information. � The purpose of journalism is that to provide citizens with the information they need to make the best possible decisions about their lives, their communities, their societies, and their governments.

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM Journalism’s first obligation is to the truth. � Democracy depends on citizens having reliable, accurate facts put in a meaningful context. � Journalism does not pursue truth in an absolute or philosophical sense, but it can and must pursue it is a practical sense. � This ‘journalistic truth’ is a process that begins with the professional discipline of assembling and verifying facts. Then Journalists try to convey a fair and reliable account of their meaning, valid for now, subject to further investigation. �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM Its first loyalty is to citizens � While news organizations answer to many constituencies, including advertisers and shareholders, the Journalists in those organizations must maintain allegiance to citizens and the larger public interest above any other if they are to provide the news without fear or favor. �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM Its essence is a discipline of verification � Journalists rely on a professional discipline for verifying information. When the concept of objectivity originally evolved, it did not imply that Journalists are free of bias. It called, rather, for a consistent method of testing information- a transparent approach to evidence- precisely so that personal and cultural biases would not undermine the accuracy of their work. �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM Its practitioners must maintain an independence from those they cover � Independence is an underlying requirement journalism, a cornerstone of its reliability. Independence of spirit and mind, rather than neutrality, is the principle journalists must keep in focus. �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM It must serve as an independent monitor of power � Journalism has an unusual capacity to serve as watchdog over those whose power and position most affect citizen �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM It must provide a forum for public criticism and compromise � The news media are the common carriers of public discussion, and this responsibility forms a basis for our special privileges. This discussion serves society best when it is informed by facts rather than prejudice and supposition. �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM It must strive to make the significant interesting and relevant � It should do more than gather an audience or catalogue the important. it must strive to make the significant interesting and relevant. journalist must continually ask what information has most value to citizens and in what form �

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM It must keep the news comprehensive and proportional � Keeping news in proportion and not leaving important things out are also cornerstones of truthfullness. journalism is a form of cartography: it creates a map for citizens to navigate society. �

FUNCTIONS OF JOURNALISM 1. Inform the public through the news coverage 2. Influence and mold the public opinion 3. Amuse or entertain the public 4. Serve and promote community welfare as a whole

QUALITY JOURNALISM � Quality journalism is a self-explanatory thing: it is genuinely good journalism. � A journalist that incorporates all of their principles and criteria into their work, expressing who they are as well as telling their story thoroughly, would be considered a great journalist in most cases.

YELLOW JOURNALISM � Yellow journalism is also known as sensationalism and it is writing which emphasizes exaggerated claims or rumors. � Yellow journalism which highlights little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell more newspapers.

POPULAR JOURNALISM � It is defined as follows: "pop journalism: an art of entertainment — without that invisible line, separating entertainment and arts so often from each other. � It is a hybrid genre, interlinking journalistic and literary approaches, characterized by using a first-person narrative. Its style is more literary than journalistic, emphasizing "truth" over strict "facts, " and subjectivity instead of objectivity, aesthetic pleasure instead of sobriety.

EMBEDDED JOURNALISM � Embedded journalism refers to news reporters being attached to military units involved in armed conflicts. � While the term could be applied to many historical interactions between journalists and military personnel, it first came to be used in the media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq.