Journal Entry Who are Remus and Romulus Why

Journal Entry Who are Remus and Romulus? Why are they significant?

The Roman Empire

Economic Issues Rome quickly accumulated a great amount of wealth. �Wealthy families built latifundia – huge estates that used conquered people as slaves. �Rise in unemployment -> population flocked to cities

The First Triumvirate Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompey, Licinius Crassus

Civil War �Conflict erupts between Caesar and Pompey -> Caesar Wins �Forces the senate to declare him dictator (eventually for life)

Julius Caesar �Reforms �Public works – employ the jobless �Land reform – gave public land to the poor �Expanded citizenship �Introduced the Julian calendar

Julius Caesar Senate feared Caesar intended to make himself king of Rome �Stabbed 23 times on the floor of the senate

The Second Triumvirate �Octavian, Marc Antony, Lepidus

The Second Triumvirate �Octavian, Marc Antony, Lepidus

Civil War (Again) Octavian defeats Antony (and Cleopatra)

Caesar Augustus �Octavian would take the title of Augustus, or Exalted One. �Absolute power -> named his successor �No more democracy -> named his successor �Roman Republic that stood for 500 years comes to an end (Republic -> Empire)

Political Reforms �Stabilized government �Ordered a census �Postal service �New form of currency �Put the people to work The next 200 years of Imperial rule are known as the Pax Romana, or time of Roman peace.

Vesuvius Erupts!

Bread and Circuses �Emperors held public spectacles, paid for with tax money, to entertain the masses. �Gladiator battles �Individual, groups, animals �Naval reenactments �Chariot Races �The spectators would also receive free bread in an attempt to keep them content

Roman Advances in Literature, History, and Philosophy Greco-Roman civilization is the blending of Roman, Hellenistic, and Greek traditions. The Romans borrowed heavily from Greek culture after they conquered Greece.

Roman Advances in Art and Science � Technology �Built roads, bridges, and harbors throughout empire �Built many aqueducts, or bridgelike stone structures that brought water from the hills into cities. � Art �Sculptors stressed realism. �Artists depicted life scenes in frescoes and mosaics. � A picture made from chips of colored stone or glass. � Architecture � Emphasized grandeur

Roman Law �During the Roman empire, these principles of law fostered unity and stability: �An accused person was presumed to be innocent until proven guilty. �The accused was permitted to face the accuser and offer a defense. �Centuries later, these principles would become the basis for legal systems in Europe and the Americas.

Assessment �Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus created the first _________.

Assessment �After defeating Marc Antony, Octavian had himself declared (changed his name to) _________.

Assessment �Roman emperors used tax-money to feed and entertain Romans through a practice known as __________.

Assessment �What were the bridge-like stone structures that brought water from the hills to the cities?

Assessment �True or False? �In the Roman Law system, a person accused of a crime was guilty until proven innocent.

Assessment �The blending of Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic culture was called _______.