Journal 92507 What are the five stages of

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Journal ? -9/25/07 What are the five stages of HIV reproduction?

Journal ? -9/25/07 What are the five stages of HIV reproduction?

Treatment for HIV and AIDS Health Mr. Christman

Treatment for HIV and AIDS Health Mr. Christman

Objectives 1) Examine how technology has impacted the health of persons with HIV. 2)

Objectives 1) Examine how technology has impacted the health of persons with HIV. 2) Identify health services available for people with HIV/AIDS.

Treatment for HIV and AIDS Just as many STDs show no symptoms and many

Treatment for HIV and AIDS Just as many STDs show no symptoms and many infected people don’t seek treatment, the same is true for HIV. Infection can be ignored or overlooked for several years, during which time the virus can still be transmitted.

Stages of HIV Infection HIV infection develops in stages over the course of several

Stages of HIV Infection HIV infection develops in stages over the course of several years. About 50% of people will develop symptoms about 3 to 6 weeks after becoming infected with HIV. These symptoms may include fever, rash, headache, body aches, and swollen glands.

Stages of HIV Infection Most of the time, these symptoms disappear within a week

Stages of HIV Infection Most of the time, these symptoms disappear within a week to a month. After these flulike symptoms disappear, the person enters the first stage of HIV infection

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 1: The asymptomatic stage is a period of time

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 1: The asymptomatic stage is a period of time during which a person infected with HIV has no symptoms. A person can stay in this stage for 6 months to 10 years or more. However, the virus is still there and continues to spread. The infected person can still transmit the virus to others.

Stages of HIV Infection During the asymptomatic stage, the immune system keeps pace with

Stages of HIV Infection During the asymptomatic stage, the immune system keeps pace with the HIV infection by producing billions of new cells. Eventually though, the number of cells in the immune system declines to the point where the HIV infections start to take over. This marks the second stage.

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 2: The symptomatic stage is the stage in which

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 2: The symptomatic stage is the stage in which a person infected with HIV again has symptoms as a result of a severe drop in immune cells. These symptoms include swollen glands, weight loss, and yeast infections.

Stages of HIV Infection During the latter stages of HIV infection, more serious symptoms

Stages of HIV Infection During the latter stages of HIV infection, more serious symptoms appear until the infection reaches the 3 rd and final stage.

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 3: Aids is the 3 rd and final stage

Stages of HIV Infection Stage 3: Aids is the 3 rd and final stage of HIV infection. This stage is characterized by a severely damaged immune system, an extremely small amount of helper T cells, and the appearance of one or more opportunistic infections.

Stages of HIV Infection By the time AIDS develops, HIV has attacked brain cells

Stages of HIV Infection By the time AIDS develops, HIV has attacked brain cells causing difficulty thinking and remembering.

Detecting HIV Two main types of tests are used to detect the presence of

Detecting HIV Two main types of tests are used to detect the presence of HIV.

Detecting HIV 1) EIA Test: a test that screens for the presence of HIV

Detecting HIV 1) EIA Test: a test that screens for the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood and is the first test usually performed. The EIA test reacts to even small numbers of HIV antibodies but can give inaccurate results for two reasons.

Detecting HIV 1) Antibodies take time to develop: Antibodies can take weeks or even

Detecting HIV 1) Antibodies take time to develop: Antibodies can take weeks or even months to develop so the test can give a false negative.

Detecting HIV 2) Certain health conditions: Some health conditions such as hemophilia, hepatitis, and

Detecting HIV 2) Certain health conditions: Some health conditions such as hemophilia, hepatitis, and pregnancy can cause the EIA to give a false positive reading.

Detecting HIV If the EIA test is positive, it can be repeated to make

Detecting HIV If the EIA test is positive, it can be repeated to make sure the results are accurate. If the repeat test is also positive, other confirmation tests will be done.

Detecting HIV 2) Western Blot Test: the most common confirmation test for HIV in

Detecting HIV 2) Western Blot Test: the most common confirmation test for HIV in the United States. If done properly this test is 100 percent accurate. If the results of all 3 tests are positive, a person is determined to have HIV (HIV-positive).

Availability of Health Services When HIV was first identified in the early 19802, there

Availability of Health Services When HIV was first identified in the early 19802, there were no treatments for HIV and very few treatments for the opportunistic infections associated with the virus.

Availability of Health Services In the years since then, several medications have been developed

Availability of Health Services In the years since then, several medications have been developed to treat HIV and to treat and prevent the opportunistic infections. More drugs and vaccines are being researched now, and the new medicines have extended and improved the quality of life for many people. However, no cure for HIV/AIDS have been found.

Availability of Health Services Reasons for no cure: 1) Several new strains of the

Availability of Health Services Reasons for no cure: 1) Several new strains of the virus have emerged since it was first discovered. So, even if a cure is found for one strain of HIV, it would be useless against the other strains.

Availability of Health Services 2) Side effects of the treatments are so severe that

Availability of Health Services 2) Side effects of the treatments are so severe that many people cannot physically handle constant treatment. In some cases, people have actually died from the treatments themselves rather than the HIV.

Availability of Health Services 3) Treatments can be extremely costly, some exceeding $2, 000

Availability of Health Services 3) Treatments can be extremely costly, some exceeding $2, 000 a month. Many people do not have access to treatment because of high costs and lack of availability.

A Continuing Problem The number of newly reported AIDS cases in the industrialized world

A Continuing Problem The number of newly reported AIDS cases in the industrialized world is decreasing. Much of this decrease results from the success of drug cocktails (combinations of drugs) that slow the progression of HIV infection.

A Continuing Problem The Global Picture At the end of 2002, an estimated 40

A Continuing Problem The Global Picture At the end of 2002, an estimated 40 million people worldwide were infected with HIV/AIDS. That statistic means that HIV is now pandemic.

A Continuing Problem A pandemic is a global outbreak of infectious disease. The number

A Continuing Problem A pandemic is a global outbreak of infectious disease. The number of people living with HIV is growing and is a health concern that requires collaborative decision making by health authorities worldwide. It is estimated that in 2002 alone, 5 million people became infected with HIV/AIDS worldwide.

A Continuing Problem Staying informed about HIV/AIDS Because neither a cure for HIV/AIDS nor

A Continuing Problem Staying informed about HIV/AIDS Because neither a cure for HIV/AIDS nor an effective HIV vaccine is available, knowledge is the first defense against infection. The CDC, state health departments, and community health services are excellent sources of information about HIV/AIDS.

A Continuing Problem While the internet is a good source of information, you should

A Continuing Problem While the internet is a good source of information, you should be wary of any information offering miracle treatments or cures. Products that have not been tested can harm or even kill people.

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS During your teen years, you may feel pressure to experiment with

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS During your teen years, you may feel pressure to experiment with new behaviors, such as engaging in sexual activity or using drugs. Consider that your actions today can change the entire course of your life. Choosing to remain abstinent shows that you are taking an active role in caring for your own health.

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS Use these refusal skills to help you avoid pressure to engage

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS Use these refusal skills to help you avoid pressure to engage in sexual contact or drug use:

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 1) Avoid situations and events where drug use or the pressure

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 1) Avoid situations and events where drug use or the pressure to engage in sexual activity is likely to occur.

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 2) Practice refusal skills. Be firm when you refuse to take

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 2) Practice refusal skills. Be firm when you refuse to take part in drug use or sexual activity. Use body language as well as words to get your message across.

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 3) Choose your relationships carefully. Avoid beginning a relationship with someone

Abstinence and HIV/AIDS 3) Choose your relationships carefully. Avoid beginning a relationship with someone who you know has been sexually active with a number of people.

Treatment for HIV and AIDS 1) 2) 3) 4) Stages of HIV Infection Activity

Treatment for HIV and AIDS 1) 2) 3) 4) Stages of HIV Infection Activity # 94 (Reteaching) Knowledge is Power STD and HIV/AIDS Review