Journal 3 4 Enzyme Structure and Function Reactions

Journal 3 -4 Enzyme Structure and Function

Reactions in the body Anabolic – building up Example: Dehydration synthesis Endergonic Absorbs/requires energy Energy-poor reactants Energy-rich products Catabolic – breaking down (CATastrophic…) Example: Degradation Hydrolysis Exergonic Releases energy Energy-rich reactants Energy-poor products

Reading an energy graph

What are Enzymes? Enzymes are proteins Biological Catalysts There as many as 2000 different enzymes in a single cell

What do enzymes do? Speed up reactions (sometimes 10 billion times faster!) Work by lowering activation energy

What do enzymes look like? • Enzymes are globular proteins • Tertiary or quandary structures (Protein folding) • Active site – reactive location on an enzyme

How do enzymes work? 1. Enzyme and substrate are in the same area 2. Enzyme grabs substrate(s) into its active site 3. Substrate is changed into the product(s) of reaction 4. Enzyme releases product(s) and returns to its original shape to be used again

How do enzymes work? Anabolic reactions: Catabolic reactions:

Enzyme specificity Each enzyme has a specifically shaped active site Only one substrate fits into the active site Each enzyme only catalyzes one reaction

What affects enzyme function? What might slow down enzymes? Each enzyme requires specific conditions to function Temperature p. H – amount of acid Salinity – amount of salt All of the above 3 can denature an enzyme Enzyme concentration Amount of enzyme