Josephine Anstey History of Gaming 1 Contexts Josephine

Josephine Anstey History of Gaming 1 Context(s)

Josephine Anstey … anthropology and its sister sciences have so far laid too little stress on the concept of play and on the supreme importance to civilisation of the play factor. ” Foreward to Homo Ludens Johan Huizinga, 1938

Josephine Anstey What is play?

Josephine Anstey What is a game?

Josephine Anstey Why do we play?

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Tools/Machines that Play 1 Skittles Bagatelle Pin Ball Video Arcade Games

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Tools/Machines that Play 2 Mechanical Dolls Automata AI, Intelligent Agents, Robots The Turk 1770 (a fake) Spore 2007 Alpha Wolf, Blumberg 2001

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Tools/Machines that Play 3 Rides Disney. Quest Motion Platforms 1939 Allen Herschell carousel

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Games->Video Games Madden Football PS 2 2005 Pong Atari 1972

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Role Playing Games 50 s Lord of the Rings 70 s Dungeon and Dragons Text-based Adventure Games 80 s Chat Rooms Muds and Moos 2000 s MMORPGs World of Warcraft 2007

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Art and Performance 1 Drama 30's-60's ● Artaud, Brecht, Ionesco ●Theatre of Cruelty ●Theatre of Absurd Antonin Artaud by Man Ray

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Art and Performance 2 John Cage, Variations V, 1965 Happenings 1950/60 s Cage, Nam June Paik, Kaprow etc. Fluxus

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Computers 1 Interaction Digitilization Procedure

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Computers 2 1960 s ●Mainframes ●Vector Graphics – realtime ●Light pens for interactivity ●Mathematics of Representing Objects 1970 s ●Mainframes + ●Raster Graphics – things slow down ●WIMP ●First Paint Program Shoup & Ray Smith

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Computers 3 1966 HMD Evans and Sutherland 1991 CAVE, Cruz Neira, De. Fanti, Sandin

Josephine Anstey Various Video Games Contexts Computers 4 1980 s ●Workstations, PC ●Growth of CG for special effects (Tron 1982) (Roger Rabbit 1988) ●Non-linear editing 1990 s ●Ubiquitous Pcs, Games ●Web (91), Browsers (93) 2000 s ●Fast Pcs ●Dwindling fortunes of high end graphic computers (SGI) ●Games make more money than movies Tron above, Sims below

Josephine Anstey Video Games/Computer Games Now and Future Mainstream Games - faster, more realistic Innovation driven by VR dreams? Holodeck that supports all senses AI Dreams? Intelligent Agents human look, human intelligence Other Dreams?