Joop Theunissen Focal Point on Youth UN Department
- Slides: 20
Joop Theunissen Focal Point on Youth UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
This presentation The challenge of youth employment Action for youth employment: the Youth Employment Network
The Challenge of Youth Employment
Why is YE so important? Youth is a period of transition and vulnerability Vulnerability appears to increase with globalization and increased competition, everywhere Long periods of unemployment have a lasting impact on youth: – Individual level: self-esteem, respect, sense of achievement – Societal: integration, cohesiveness, citizenship
The Present 88 million young people out of work 59 million kids (17 -19) in hazardous work Youth are 41 percent of all unemployed Youth unemployment 2 -3 times higher than average unemployment Source: ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market, www. ilo. org/kilm. Figures for 2004.
The Best-Educated Generation Ever!* Yet… still large differences globally: 130 million children not in school 133 million youth are illiterate Large gender differences Large differences between groups of countries *(And healthiest ever too. )
Education in developing countries % Reach Grade 5 Enrolment in secondary school, M-F Adult literacy rate, M-F Sub-Saharan Africa 61 26 -22 69 -54 Middle East / North Africa 91 67 -62 75 -54 South Asia 59 57 -40 66 -40 World average 77 66 -61 85 -74
Educational inequalities in developed countries We can measure and compare the educational “baggage” of young people: Reading literacy of 15 year-olds Math literacy of 15 year-olds Science literacy of 15 year-olds Math achievement of 8 th graders Science achievement of 8 th graders
An educational achievement league of 24 rich countries The Top 5 Other countries 1 Republic of Korea 1. 4 12 France 12. 6 2 Japan 2. 2 18 USA 16. 2 3 Finland 4. 4 19 Germany 17. 0 4 Canada 5. 0 21 Spain 18. 6 5 Australia 6. 2 22 Italy 20. 2 The table shows average ranks of all five measures. Source: UNICEF Innocenti Report Card No 4, November 2002.
The Future Over 1 billion young people in need of jobs every 10 years = 100 million jobs a year 130 million kids not in school now -> what will they be in 10 years? (Importance of MDGs) More unemployed young people in urban areas with little hope for decent work Globalization –> increased competition between young people in more countries?
2. The Youth Employment Network (YEN)
A little history Millennium Report of the Secretary-General, 2000: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Goal 8. Developing global partnerships for development, including a network to address decent and productive work for young people A high-level panel of advisers to the Secretary -General with support of three organizations: World Bank, ILO and UN
YEN’s 4 E’s to address youth unemployment 1. Employability – investing in education 2. Equal opportunities – for men and women 3. Entrepreneurship – start and run businesses 4. Employment creation – as part of macroeconomic policy
The First E. Employability n Definition: a key outcome of education and training to instill skills, knowledge and competencies of workers n Reality: high cost of investment, skills mismatch n Invest in life skills, life-long learning, ICT, entrepreneurship, SSEs in and out of school
The Second E. Equal opportunities for young men and women Before school: equal access and entry for boys and girls n In school: “tracking” out of TVE, career guidance, double burdens, cultural barriers, gender stereotyping, harassment n After school: credit access, lower skills n In the job: discrimination in pay, training, promotion n
The Third E. Entrepreneurship n n n Cultural attitudes: negative perceptions of entrepreneurship, corruption, social entrepreneurship Education: a system that stimulates entrepreneurial spirit, teachers’ training Skills training: career training, ICT Business support: skills and services to run your own firm Regulation: taxes, laws and burocracy Finance: youth as risky investments
The Fouth E. Employment creation n Yes, it is the economy that creates jobs! n n n Labour market policies Macro-economic policies Exchange rate policies Sectoral policies External economic shocks, disasters and wars Institutional support for youth employment: governance, national employment strategy, monitoring
What’s next: National action plans for youth employment by March 2004 Mobilizing financial resources for youth employment Linking youth employment with education Expanding on youth participation in policy and action: “No decision making without youth participating”
Unemployment is the problem. Youth are the solution.
Thank you! www. ilo. org/yen
- Joop theunissen
- Redactiesommen volwassenen
- Joop woortman
- Joop voortman
- Joop meijer angeren
- Joop berding
- Gef operational focal points
- This refers to the inner terminus of a fingerprint pattern.
- Focal point emphasis
- National ihr focal point
- Lens
- Where is the focal point in a triangular arrangement
- All customers are served from a single focal serving point
- Beach ball earthquake
- Schelling points
- Focal point poe
- The first element the eye sees; the focal point
- The first element the eye sees; the focal point
- Triangular arrangement
- Department of youth and community development
- Nyc department of youth