Joints or Structural Members in TRIFLEX WINDOWS Joints

Joints or Structural Members in ® TRIFLEX WINDOWS

Joints or Structural Members In TRIFLEX® WINDOWS supports two types of structural members: Rigid Joint (Structural Member) 2 Flexible Joint (Structural Member) TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Rigid Joint (Structural Member) 3 The default settings for a Rigid Joint are: ØWeight = 0 ØUse Absolute Length To code a Rigid Joint (Structural Member) click with the mouse on “Joint” icon from the Graphics Toolbar TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Rigid Joint (Structural Member) 4 §If the length of the Rigid Joint is smaller than the Absolute Length, TRIFLEX will code automatically a pipe which will precede the joint. §The Absolute Length will be equal with length of the pipe plus length of the rigid joint In this case: §Absolute Length = 5 ft §Length of the Rigid Joint = 1 ft §Length of the preceding pipe = 4 ft §Weight of the Rigid Joint =100 lbs TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Rigid Joint (Structural Member) 5 The Rigid Joint can be used to model the following components: (the list is not exclusive): § Pumps § Turbines § Rigid supports § Rigid connections § User defined flanges § User defined valves § Rigid vessels § Offsets § All types of rigid equipment TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) 6 v Flexible Joints (Flexible Structural Members) are used to model flexible supports or complex structures connected with piping system. v In the “Structural Steel” database, TRIFLEX® incorporates the AISC standard shapes, dimensions, and properties for W, M, S, H Shapes, Channels, Angles, Round Bar, Square Bar, Structural Tubing, etc. v An easy to use “User Defined” tool allows the user to input new and unconventional shapes in the Steel Database. TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database W Shapes M Shapes S Shapes HP Shapes American Standard Channels 7 Angles (L) Miscellaneous Channel TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members 8 Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database Round Bars Square Bars Rectangular Bars TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members 9 Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) AISC Database Structural Tubing Steel Pipe TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data To input a User Defined shape in the “Structural Steel” database, click with the mouse on “Structural Steel” in “Utilities”, ”Databases” menu 10 On “Structural Steel Database” dialog, Click on “New” button to enter new data TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data 11 B axes 1 2 4 3 C axes The points should be input in counterclockwise order Input the point’s coordinates to describe the cross sectional area of the new shape and click “OK” Based on input points TRIFLEX® will calculate the cross sectional area characteristics. NOTE: Torsion Constant, K is an Input Data TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data 12 The “New Shape 1” User Defined Flexible Joint TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) - User Defined Data 13 Torsional Constant - a common error: K is used to describe the torsional constant. Unfortunately, this same variable is used to describe the polar moment of inertia of a shape. These are NOT the same thing. To add to the confusion, in the case of a circular member they are numerically equal. With other shapes, severe miscalculations result when the polar moment of inertia is used as the torsional constant. The polar moment of inertia is the sum of the X and Y moments of inertia. For an I-beam the torsional constant is equal to: Where t is the element thickness. For a W 8 x 24, the polar moment of inertia is approximately 101 in 4 whereas the torsional constant is only 0. 35 in 4. Since is inversely proportional to J, this error could result in grossly under-calculating the stress. TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) 14 Using “Mirror C Axes” option, the profile can be flipped about B Axes such that the C direction becomes the NEGATIVE C direction TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) B axes C axes 15 MNU = Most Nearly UP A axes Using “Orientation of B Axis counter clockwise from the MNU direction vector” option, the profile can be rotated about the A Axis TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) 16 Shear Distribution Factor for Forces Parallel to B and C axis is the Cross Sectional Area divided by the Effective Shear Area TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) 17 B Axis Shear Distribution Factor Example 1: For a Rectangular Solid with dimensions bxc, the Effective Shear Area is given as 5/6 bc. b The cross sectional area is bc. The Shear C Axis Factor in the B and in the C direction will then be bc/ (5/6 bc) = 1. 2 c Shear Distribution Factor Example 2: B Axis b t For a Hollow Rectangular Tube, c in the C direction, b in the B direction, t = wall thickness, the cross sectional area is approximately 2 (b+c) t. For Shear forces parallel to B, the Shear Factor is 2 (b+c) t / 2 t b = 1 + c / b. C Axis c For Shear forces parallel to C, the Shear Factor = 1 + b / c. TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members Flexible Joint - (Flexible Structural Member) 18 Examples of how to use Flexible Structural Members to code Navy Hangers TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com

Joints or Structural Members 19 For more details please contact: 6219 Brittmoore Road Houston, Texas 77041 -5114 U. S. A. Voice: 713 849 3366 Fax: 713 849 3806 : info@pipingsolutions. com TRIFLEX® WINDOWS www. pipingsolutions. com