Joints Joint 30 any place where two bones

Joints

Joint 30. any place where two bones meet

Classified A. Based on movability Freely movable Slightly movable Immovable

B. Synovial joints – freely movable Features of a typical synovial joint capsule synovial membrane synovial fluid joint cavity articular cartilage

Synovial joints a. joint capsule – surrounds the joint, support and stabilizing

Synovial joints b. synovial membrane – surrounds the joint and forms a cavity, secretes fluids to lubricate

Synovial joints c. synovial fluid – fluid secreted by membrane • Bursa – fluid filled sacs that cushion the joint knee, elbow, shoulder, and hip

Synovial joints d. joint cavity – space around the joint

Synovial joints e. articular cartilage – surrounds the ends of the bones to reduce wear and tear

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints a. hinge – move along one plane, similar to a door • Examples – elbow, knee

Types of Synovial Joints b. ball and socket – round head fits into a cavity, move in many directions • Examples – shoulder and hip

Types of Synovial Joints c. pivot – one bone rotates against the other • Examples – joint of the radius and ulna

Types of Synovial Joints d. condyloid – oval joints that allow angular movement • Examples – metacarpophalangeal joint

Types of Synovial Joints e. plane – two flat bones provide short gliding motions • Examples – intertarsal joints

Types of Synovial Joints f. saddle – surface is saddle-like, many directions • Examples – base of the thumb

What type of synovial joint?

D. Amphiarthrosis joints – slightly movable joints

Types of amphiarthrosis joints a. Syndesmosis (fibrous) – two bones join by a section of cartilage • Examples – the junction between the tibia and fibula

Types of amphiarthrosis joints b. Symphysis (cartilaginous) – two bones fuse by a fibrocartilage pad • Examples – vertebral column

F. Synarthrosis joint – immovable joint

Types of synarthrosis joints a. Sutures – joined by short fibers of dense fibrous connective tissue • Examples – skull

Types of synarthrosis joints b. Gomphoses – binds the teeth to bony sockets • Examples – teeth

Ligaments 31. Ligaments- Connect bone to bone Keep the bones from sliding past each other and force them to bend

Tendons 32. Tendons- Connect muscle to bone What actually allows your body to move

Issues with joints A. Arthritis – inflammation of the joints

Issues with joints B. Gout – uric acid crystals form in the joints

Issues with joints C. Dislocation – popping a bone out of joint

Issues with joints D. Sprain – stretching or tearing the ligaments

Sprain