JOINT MECHANICS JOINT INJURIES Joints are the points

JOINT MECHANICS & JOINT INJURIES Joints are the points of contact (articulation) between two bones. Joints hold bone together Allows for flexibility and movement Examples of joints in our body: elbows, knuckles, shoulders, ankles, etc.

3 Main Types of Joints • FIBROUS bound tightly together by connective tissue and allow no movement. Example: Sutures

3 Main Types of Joints • CARTILAGINOUS the body of one bone connects to the body of another by means of cartilage, slight movement is possible. Example: Intervertebral “discs” of spinal cord.

3 Main Types of Joints • SYNOVIAL bony surfaces are separated by a lubricating fluid (the synovia) and by cartilage. They are also joined by ligaments. Allows the most movement. Example: knee, shoulder, ankle

The Characteristics of a Synovial Joint Bone Blood vessels Nerve Joint cavity Joint capsule Synovial membrane Fibrous capsule Bursa Tendon sheath Tendon Articular cartilage Membranous layer Fibrous layer Periosteum

CHARACTERISTICS OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS • Articulating cartilage protects ends of bone and allows for smooth contact, shock absorber • Joint capsule fibrous structure made up of synovial membrane (allows certain nutrients to pass through) and fibrous capsule (keeps synovial fluid from leaking) • Joint cavity filled with synovial fluid, prevents friction and provides nutrients • Bursae (bursa) small, flattened fluid sacs, found between friction points b/w tendons, ligaments and bones

TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS

JOINTS OF THE HUMAN BODY

JOINTS OF THE HUMAN BODY

JOINTS CONT’D

TYPES OF JOINT CONT’D • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z. Wo 9 -3 GJpr 8

Tissue Properties t Tendons: v Composed of collagen (bundles of white, fibrous protein) v Attach muscle to bone v Vascular t Ligaments: v Tough bands of white, fibrous tissue v Attach bone to bone v Avascular

WORKSHEET TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS