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JOIN THE DISCUSSION You can join the discussion through Q&A Ø Type in your question at any time Ø Indicate which speaker the question is addressed to Ø Questions will be reviewed and taken at the end Ø Technical questions are answered in writing through Q&A Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

OVERVIEW OF WEBINAR LIFE FRONT Project Overview (Dario Belluomini, shecco) Literature Review & Market Survey (Klara Skacanova, shecco) Experience from Heat Pump Manufacturer (Joachim Maul, ait. Deutschland) New Approach for Determination of Maximum HC Charge Size Limits (Daniel Colbourne, engineer) Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

KLARA SKACANOVA With background in public affairs and economics Klara joined shecco in 2011. Before joining shecco she worked at the European Commission and an association for small and medium-sized businesses. Today, she leads the company’s market development team focusing on market research, policy analysis, funding projects and specialised campaigns with the objective of accelerating the adoption of climate friendly technologies across different world regions. Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

DARIO BELLUOMINI Dario manages LIFE and Horizon 2020 projects in the Market Development team at shecco office in Brussels. A graduate in Development Economics (MSc) and European Integration (MA), he worked in Italy and Portugal on environmental issues as project assistant, before joining the Executive Agency for SMEs of the European Commission for a traineeship with the Coordination Unit of COSME. Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

LIFE FRONT: FLAMMABLE REFRIGERANT OPTIONS FOR NATURAL TECHNOLOGIES Webinar, 25 April 2018 Klára Skačanová Dario Belluomini Market Development Manager Project Officer & Market Analyst shecco Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

PROJECT OVERVIEW www. lifefront. eu

PROJECT OVERVIEW FULL TITLE: Flammable Refrigerant Options for Natural Technologies – Improved standards & product design for their safe use (FRONT) Ø Ø Co-funded under LIFE, the EU’s financial instrument supporting environmental, nature conservation and climate action projects throughout the bloc. Submitted under LIFE Climate Action - Climate Change Mitigation 2016 call Structured in 7 Actions (6 Work Packages (WP)) that run in parallel and build on each other Read more at: lifefront. eu DURATION: Ø Start: 15/06/2017 – End: 14/06/2020 PROJECT PARTNERS: Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

OBJECTIVES LIFE FRONT aims to remove barriers posed by standards for flammable refrigerants in HVAC&R. Key objectives: Ø Support the EU and international standardisation process for flammable refrigerants Ø Reduce safety risks from improved system design for air-conditioning, refrigeration and heat pump applications using flammable refrigerants Ø Increase availability of alternatives to replace HFCs Ø Engage in technology capacity-building for EU equipment manufacturers Ø Remove non-technological knowledge barriers Ø Improve Europe’s competitiveness for RACHP equipment using non-fluorinated refrigerant alternatives Ø Support an effective and timely achievement of the EU 2030 climate targets Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

EXPECTED PROJECT OUTPUTS Ø Publish 6 public reports / guidelines for draft requirements for standards on flammable refrigerants Ø Participate in 20 standardisation meetings (working groups, technical committees) at the EU specific, strategic and international level Ø Conclude a 2. 5 years field study on leak hole size and type per application + establish a leakage size and simulation database Ø Create and lead an EU-wide Standards Action Group (“FRONT”) on nonfluorinated flammable refrigerants, gathering 50 experts in the RACHP industry and providing capacity-building and activation of relevant stakeholders Ø Provide 3 leading EU-based manufacturers (AHT, ait, NIBE) with a quantitative risk assessment and prototypes of enhanced product safety features for 5 different units of commercial refrigeration and heat pump models, as demonstration units for other manufacturers to follow Ø Reach 20, 000 stakeholders worldwide with information on improved requirements for flammable refrigerants Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

STANDARDS ACTION GROUP “FRONT” LIFE FRONT aims to create the Standards Action Group "FRONT”: Ø a voluntary group of stakeholders interested in the development of EU and international standards on product, environmental or safety requirements for flammable refrigerants The main expectation from participants will be to : Ø join an online working group Ø exchange valuable input vital to crucial stages and deliverables in the project Ø contribute to draft requirements for standards. The action will result in: Ø high replicability and transferability of project results into members’ business activities via dissemination of best-practice methods. Join the Standards Action Group at: lifefront. eu/get-involved/ Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

GET INVOLVED Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

PROJECT ACTIONS Literature Review & Market Study: Standards & Technology for Flammable Refrigerants Ø Mapping and analysing the current state of relevant European and international standards Ø Market study mapping available technology and product groups using hydrocarbon refrigerants, their expected future availability, and the impact of standards on such market development Leak analysis, gas concentrations & consequences Field study of types/cause/size of leaks and an online leak hole size & leak simulation database Ø Laboratory study of leak mass flow rates and gas concentration measurements Ø Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

PROJECT ACTIONS Improved product safety design & quantitative risk assessment Re-design of prototype models according to the ”best practice” principles established Ø Risk assessment to identify improvements in risk reduction associated with the implementation of new mitigation measures and sensitivity especially concerning incremental increase in charge sizes Ø Standardisation action & capacity-building Standards Action Group “Front”, a voluntary group of stakeholders interested in the development of EU and international standards on product, environmental or safety requirements for flammable refrigerants Ø Draft requirements for flammable refrigerant standards Ø Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

LITERATURE REVIEW & MARKET SURVEY www. lifefront. eu

STANDARDS LITERATURE REVIEW Primary barriers to flammable refrigerants in safety standards are mainly related to refrigerant charge size limits. These limitations take shape as: Ø Charge size limits for ‘human comfort’ Ø Charge restrictions for systems below ground Ø 150 g limit for systems installed without restriction of room size Ø Charge size limitation for large systems Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

STANDARDS LITERATURE REVIEW The current standards do not take account of risk mitigation measures in case of flammable refrigerants – these could increase the allowed refrigerant charge size while maintaining the same level of safety. The review has determined that the following risk-mitigation measures are of use: Ø Improved system tightness Ø Systems with integral airflow Ø Charge leak test method Ø Housing design Ø Sources of ignition test method Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

STANDARDS LITERATURE REVIEW On-going revisions of international standards - potential to open up opportunities for hydrocarbons globally IEC 60335 -2 -89 for commercial refrigeration Ø Proposal to raise the max. charge limit for flammable refrigerants (e. g. propane from 150 g to 500 g) Ø Final amended standard expected at the beginning of 2019 IEC 60335 -2 -40 for AC and heat pumps Ø Proposal to increase allowable charge size for flammable refrigerants by implementing various mitigation measures while keeping the max. charge size Ø Final amended standard expected in 2019 -2022 Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY Survey on availability of hydrocarbon-based products & impact of standards Ø Running between 12 March – 30 April Ø The survey results will be available to the public in early September Ø Interested participants: system & component manufacturers, end-users, trade bodies, research community, NGOs, national authorities Ø The results will remain anonymous and only aggregated data will be used to outline the current and future trends for hydrocarbons Ø Participate now: http: //www. surveygizmo. com/s 3/4150423/LIFE-FRONT-WP 3 -2 Survey Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY – SNEAK PEEK 165 complete and 237 partial responses so far Location of organisations Size of organisations (number of employees) Australia 9% USA 14% Other 47% Germany 9% Italy 8% Large (250+) 43% Small (1 -50) 36% Medium (51250) 21% United Kingdom Belgium 5% 8% Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY – SNEAK PEEK More than 50% of the respondents work with hydrocarbons Out of those that do not work yet with hydrocarbons, 50% plans to start in the future Ø Majority (70%) will start before 2020 Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme When are you planning to start working with hydrocarbons? Later 10% 2018 27% 2021 -23 20% 2019 -20 43% www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY – SNEAK PEEK Max number of refrigeration circuits Over 50% of those working with hydrocarbons indicated they manufacture / acquire systems with multiple refrigeration circuits Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme 5 and more circuits 14% 4 circuits 11% 3 circuits 18% 2 circuits 57% www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY – SNEAK PEEK By 2020, if standards allow higher HC charges Share of HC-based products TODAY 51 -75% 2% 76 -100% 13% 0% 19% By 2020, if standards are not updated 26 -50% 14% 11 -25% 9% 1 -5% 31% 6 -10% 12% Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme Ø close to 31% of respondents indicated the share of HCs will grow to 76 -100% Ø 60% of respondents indicated the share of HCs will be below 25%, but 21% still expect to have 76 -100% www. lifefront. eu

MARKET SURVEY – SNEAK PEEK Willingness to work with higher HC charges No 3% 2/3 are willing to work with any charge as long as safety measures are taken care of Not sure 10% Yes 87% Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

JOACHIM MAUL Joachim has studied mechanical engineering, specialized in fluid- and thermodynamics. He received his Ph. D in 1994 with a thesis on the behavior of chemical reactions on the surface of ceramic tiles during the re-entry of a capsule. Starting after university as a R&D Manager for volume flow measurement techniques, his life with refrigerant circuits begins in 2000 with Rittal, where he was responsible from technical side for cabinet coolers and heaters. During that time he developed cabinet air conditioners with CO 2 as a refrigerant. At the beginning of 2010 he joined Alpha-Innotec (now called ait-deutschland) as the Director R&D. In the last few years one of his important projects was the successful development and market introduction of a new generation of R 290 heat pumps. Several patents and publications are a result of his work in different areas. Furthermore, Joachim is a member of several associations and different working groups especially for heat pumps. Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

DANIEL COLBOURNE Dr Daniel Colbourne specialises in environmental, performance and safety aspects of alternative refrigerants and systems. He works on behalf of various organisations and companies, including GIZ Proklima, HEAT Gmb. H, UN agencies and various manufacturers and end users. He is a member to the UNEP refrigeration Technical Options Committee and various BSI, CEN, ISO and IEC working groups on refrigeration safety and a member of the Institute of Refrigeration Technical Committee. Co-funded by the EU LIFE Programme www. lifefront. eu

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