JOHN BROADUS WATSON 1878 1958 HIS MOTHER EMMA

JOHN BROADUS WATSON 1878 -1958

HIS MOTHER EMMA ROSE ROE � Devoted Baptist (Reedy River Baptist Church) � Revival every year � Believe in strict parenting

HIS FATHER PICKENS � His parents were wealthy and owned a lot of land � He had 9 siblings who were successful � Ran away from home at age 16 � Drink a lot � Became banished from his family after marring Emma.

� By the time John was born his parents were very isolated from everyone � His father tried to provide but couldn’t stick to one job � Alcoholic � Unfaithful to his wife � Was absent most of the time

� 1878 ~ John Broadus Watson near Greenville, South Carolina. � 4 th of 6 children � By the time he was 13 his father had left for good � Pickens tried to come back into his life when John was famous but John wanted nothing to do with him

CHILDHOOD � Grew up in poverty, unstable parenting � But was mostly not unordinary for rural America during this time. The often absent father and long-suffering mother were typical in American folklord for this time period. � At age 6 he started going to a one room school � At age 8 he and his siblings started to go to The Travelers Rest Academy (a private school) � When he was 9, he was good at handling tools, milking cows.

� In 1890, Emma sold the farm and the children moved to the large town of Greensville � Did this for more opportunity's and to try and get out of poverty � This was a most likely a shock for Watson � And said later in life that he has only a few pleasant memories from living there

GREENSVILLE, 1890

YOUTH � John is now age 12 and going in to the 7 th grade � Shy, Lazy, insubordinate, never made above a passing grade � The target of jokes, and fought often with classmates � “Swats”

YOUTH CONTINUED “happiness it the state of being completely absorbed in activity” He felt like he needed to have control and staying busy doing activities was a way to control something

YOUNG ADULT � After school John would come home from school and enjoy participating in “Nigger fighting” � It was his favorite thing to do � He was arrested once for fighting with blacks � He was also arrested for discharging a firearm within city limits. � Known as a troubled adolescent

YOUNG ADULT CONTINUED � 1881, carrying concealed weapons was normal � Watson carried a pistol to protect himself � “that church membership had a good and restraining influence upon all classes” � Baptist Courier � Started attending, Pendleton Street church

WATSON AND CHURCH � Watson was a member of the Pendleton Street Church until late in his college years � Transferred his membership to a larger church, the First Baptist Church � Edward � Pickens

COLLEGE � At age 16, Watson started attending Furman University’s “Fitting-school”, as a “subfreshmen” � Founded in 1827 � Kappa Alpha fraternity � Lived at home and Worked in the chemistry Lab to pay for school

� Graduated with a master's degree at age 21…. � The purpose of college � Watson the Principle � His beloved mother passed away � Letter to Harper

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO � In the fall of 1900, he moved to Chicago and once again was in shock of the big city � Psychology at the time was considered to be one of the newest professions with particular promise. � Became interested in the field of comparative psychology and studying animals � majored in psychology and minored in philosophy and neurology � Work ethic and breakdown

MARY ICKES � Background � Meeting � December 1903 they married and again in the fall of 1904 � Later had two children Mary and John

� The youngest person to get a Ph. D. in Psychology in 1903 from the University of Chicago � Consume himself with his career to solve his emotional crisis � Watson stated that he often mentored female students but felt uncomfortable having them as professional peers

1903 � Watson took the position of instructorship at the university of Chicago � Made $1, 000 per year � Started to believe that observation of behavior was key in understanding the behaviors.

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY � March 1908 he accepted a full professor position at Johns Hopkins and started in the fall at age 29. � He loved being there because he had freedom � At 31 he became the director of psychology � Editor of the Psychological review journal � Pushed for psychology to be equal to natural sciences � 1910, Watson and Robert M. Yerkes started

� Researched migrating and nesting of habits of species of terns � Traveled to do give speeches

WATSONS THEORY ON… � Behavior defined “a biological problem while ignoring consciousness” � Psychology defined “Human activity and conduct” � Goal of psychology “not only to be able to predict behavior but to control it” � Psychology should be “the observable fact that organisms, man and animal alike do adjust themselves to their environment by means of hereditary and habit equipment”

WORK ETHICS � “Determined to get a living wage” � Drove himself at a frantic pace that brought him to the brink of a nervous exhaustion � Control � He really wanted to make psychology a “desirable field for work” � “kept (his) nose to the grindstone”

� 1915, Russian psychologist Pavlov � Tool for gathering data and modifying behavior � Behaviorism = Observed, recorded and measured. � John Hopkins Medical School – the clinic and psychological laboratory � “swing around to the human side” � “I get about forty babies a month” � 1916, Found the key to human emotion � FEAR, RAGE, & LOVE

WWI: MAJOR IN THE SIGNAL CORPS � In a group of scientists and engineers who played a crucial role in developing policies that would shape relationships among science, government, and industry for years to come. � Watson thought it was a good idea to mobilize psychology for the war � After the war Psychology showed its achievements

WHO WOULD HAVE GUESSED? � The summer of 1919 � A grant from the United States Social Hygiene Board

"LITTLE ALBERT" � 1920 did the Little Albert experiment with the help of his assistant Roselie Rayner � Alert was 9 mos and have lived in the hospital since birth � Watson made no attempt to “recondition” Albert after he was done with him � Phobia of fur coats later in life � Psychiatrist tried to find some sexual basis for the fear

ROSALIE RAYNER � His mistress � Came from a wealthy family � Married on New Years Eve � Forced to resign by the administrative officials at Hopkins � James and William � Died in 1935, at age 36

ADVERTISEMENTS � New York in 1921 � Became the vice president in the J. Walter Thompson advertising agency � He claimed he wanted to become an "honest -to-goodness working advertising man“, but really he wanted to show great psychology was in advertisements in hopes of someday going back into psychology research � Thought it was a thankless job

BOOKS � 1914: Behavior: An introduction to comparative Psychology � 1918: Psychology from the standpoint of a Behaviorist � 1925: Behaviorism, revision in 1930. � 1928: Psychological Care of Infant and Child In addition

� Retired, sold his estate (by this time Rosalie had passed away) � Bought a farm in Connecticut � Spent much of his time building barns, and outbuildings � Had cows, pigs and horses as companions

� “I could take a dozen healthy infants and train any one of them to become any type of specialist he might select, doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and yes, even beggarman and thief” � ……So what about his children?

BEHAVIORAL CHILDREN � Mary (a. k. a. Polly) Ø Multiple suicide attempts later in her life � John “little John” Ø Rootless, stomach troubles, and headaches through his life and died in his early 50 s from bleeding ulcers from stress � Billy Ø Became a successful Freudian psychiatrist, kill himself on the second attempt. � Jimmy Ø Chronic stomach problems but did better later in life.

FATHER OF “BEHAVIORISM” � In 1957, a year before his death, John Watson was awarded the gold medal from the American Psychological Association for his contributions to the field of psychology � At age 80 he died September 25, 1958, in New York

HE IS BURIED AT WILLOWBROOK CEMETERY, WESTPORT, CONNECTICUT

WORK CITED � � � � http: //annascott 29. blogspot. com/ http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 2. htm http: //www. upstateancestry. com/Churches. html http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 2. htm http: //southernspaces. org/2004/carolina-piedmont http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 3. htm http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tern#/media/File: Crested_tern 444_edit. jpg http: //www. ediblegeography. com/spaces-of-prohibition/ http: //study. com/academy/lesson/john-watson-and-behaviorism-theory-lessonquiz. html http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 4. htm http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 6. htm http: //facweb. furman. edu/~einstein/watson 7. htm http: //www. findagrave. com/cgibin/fg. cgi? page=pv&GRid=6614541&PIpi=71991950