Job Hazard Analysis Introduction Job hazard analysis is

Job Hazard Analysis

Introduction • Job hazard analysis is, carefully studying and recording each step of a job, identifying existing or potential job hazards (both Safety and Health), and determining the best way to perform the job to reduce or eliminate these hazards.

Steps in Performing a JHA • • Step 1—Break down the job Step 2—Identify the hazards Step 3—Evaluate the hazards Step 4—Recommend safe procedures and protection measures • Step 5—Revise the JHA

Hazards to Focus On • Impact • Penetration • Harmful airborne contaminants • Repetitive motions • Heat • Compression • Chemical exposures • Optical radiation 11006115 Copyright © 2000 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Identifying Hazards • • Sharp edges Employee jewelry Potential for being caught in between Worker posture/balance Hazardous movements “Struck by” hazards Suspended loads Environmental hazards 11006115 Copyright © 2000 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

Evaluating Hazards • • What PPE is available? Has worker been trained? Is the worker positioned properly? Is lockout/tagout being used? What is the flow of work? What are the sources of chemicals, noise, etc. ? Are slips, trips, and falls a possibility? 11006115 Copyright © 2000 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.

STARTING JHA

Breaking Down the Job • List each step of the job in order of occurrence as you watch the employee performing the job. • Be sure to record enough information to describe each job action. • Later go over the job steps with the employee.

Break job down into key steps AVOID!! • making the breakdown so detailed That an unnecessarily large number of steps results • making the job breakdown so general that basic steps are not recorded

Key Steps TOO MUCH Changing a Flat Tire • • • Pull off road Put car in “park” Set brake Activate emergency flashers Open door Get out of car Walk to trunk Put key in lock Open trunk Remove jack Remove Spare tire

Key Steps NOT ENOUGH Changing a Flat Tire • • Park car take off flat tire put on spare tire drive away

Key Job Steps JUST RIGHT Changing a Flat tire • Park car, set brake • remove jack & tire from trunk • loosen log nuts • jack up car • remove tire • set new tire • jack down car • tighten lug nuts • store tire & jack

Hazards • Parking Car – Struck by Traffic • Removing tire & jack – Back Strain – bang head on trunk • Jacking up car – car could fall off jack • Setting new tire – fingers pinched – back strain • Loosen lug nuts • Tighten nuts – back/arm strain – slip & fall – back strain – slip & fall

Changing a flat tire 1 - Breaking the job down to steps Sequence of Events Park Vehicle Remove spare and tool kit Pry off hub cap and loosen lug bolts (nuts) And so on Potential Hazards Preventive Measures

2 - Potential Hazards Sequence of Events Potential Hazards Park Vehicle • Vehicle too close to passing traffic. • Vehicle on uneven, soft ground • Vehicle may roll Remove spare and tool kit • Strain from lifting spare Pry off hub cup and • Hub cup may pop off loosen lug bolts (nuts) and hit you • Lug wrench may slip And so on • …… Preventive Measures

3 - Preventive Measures Sequence of Events Potential Hazards Preventive Measures Park Vehicle • Vehicle too close to passing traffic. • Vehicle on uneven, soft ground • Vehicle may roll • Drive to area well clear of traffic. Turn on emergency flashers. • Choose a firm, level area. • Apply the parking brake, place blocks in front and back of the wheel diagonally opposite to the flat Remove spare and tool kit • Strain from lifting spare. • Turn spare into upright position in the wheel well, using your legs and standing as close as possible, lift spare out of truck and roll to flat tire. • Pry off hub cup and loosen lug bolts (nuts) • Hub cap may pop off and hit you • Lug wrench may slip • Pry off hub cap using steady pressure • Use proper lug wrench, apply steady pressure slowly. And so on A- A-

THREE STEP PROCESS • Break the job down into steps • Identify hazards in each step • Actions to take to eliminate or minimize the hazards

How do you assemble a Job Hazard Analysis?

First, let’s review the parts of a JHA.

Parts of a JHA Heading

Parts of a JHA STEPS IN ORDER

Parts of a JHA Potential Hazards

Parts of a JHA Abatement Actions (RECOMMENDATIONS)

Parts of a JHA Final Approval

Example

Worker Performing the Basic Job Steps for Grinding Iron Casting • Reach into metal box to right of machine, grasp casting and carry to wheel.

Step Two • Push casting against wheel to grind off burr.

Step Three • Place finished casting in box to left of machine.

Identifying Hazards • Examine each step to determine hazards that exist or that might occur. • Ask yourself these kinds of questions: • Is the worker wearing clothing or jewelry that could get caught in the machinery? • Are there fixed objects that may cause injury, such as sharp machine edges?

Identifying Hazards • Can the worker get caught in or between machine parts? • Is the worker positioned to the machine in a way that is potentially dangerous? • Can the worker be injured from lifting objects, or from carrying heavy objects? • Environmental hazards: dust, chemicals, radiation, welding rays, heat, or excessive noise result from the performance of the job?

Identify the Hazards Within Each Step • Struck Against (sharp edges, protruding objects, machinery, etc. ) • Struck By (any moving things) • Contact with (electricity, chemical) • Contacted By (hot solutions, fire, electrical flashes, steam, • Caught In (any part of the body be caught in an enclosure or opening)

• Caught On (caught on any object which could pull them into moving machinery. • Caught Between (something moving and stationery • Exposure (noise, temp. ,

Identifying Hazards Step One • Strike hand on edge of metal box or casting. • Cut hand on burr. • Drop casting on toes. • Bending (Twisting)

Identifying Hazards Step Two • Strike hand against wheel. • Flying sparks, dust, or chips. • Wheel breaking. • Not enough of wheel guarded. • No dust removal system. • Sleeves could get caught in machinery.

Identifying Hazards Step 3 • Strike hand against metal box or casting.

Evaluating The Hazards • What events could lead to an injury or illness for each hazard you identified.

Recommendations • Recommendations should be based on the reliability of the solution. • Hierarchy of control: • Elimination • Substitution • Isolation • Engineering Control • Administration Control • PPE

New Procedure or Protection Step One • Tilting the box and use taller box or use a bench and put the casting on it to avoid twisting. • Provide gloves and safety shoes

Step Two • Provide larger guard over wheel. • Install local exhaust system. • Provide safety goggles. • Short or tight fitting sleeves.

Step Three • Provide for removal of completed stock.

Example • Carry out a job hazard analysis for radiography of pipeline welding using gamma ray source (100 m Rem/hour) • Two persons (Photographer and his assistant). • Two engineers will supervise the rocess.

Carry a Job Hazard Analysis for the Following Activity • Installation of a new electrical water heater at W. C. located at the 3 rd floor – Administration Building. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Get the heater from store Transport to the 3 rd floor Fixing the anchor bolt (using) electrical drill Lifting the heater and fix it on the anchor bolt Connect electrical wires Connect hoses and fill it with water Operate it (use)

Example • Carry a Job Hazard Analysis for Unloading Tractor Trailer

Job Hazard Analysis