Job Diagnostic ModelSurvey Hackman Oldhams Job Characteristics Model

Job Diagnostic Model/Survey

Hackman & Oldham’s Job Characteristics Model Job characteristics model identifies the characteristics of a job which can motivate an individual Core Dimensions Skill Variety Task Identity Task - Significance Autonomy Feedback Psychological States Meaningfulness of Work Responsibility for outcomes Knowledge of Results Outcomes - High intrinsic motivation - High job perormance - High job satisfaction - Low absentee ism & turnover

Job Characteristics Model (Contd. ) It states that there are five core job characteristics: �Skill variety, �Task identity, �Task significance, �Autonomy, and �Feedback

Job Characteristics Model (Contd. ) These job characteristics impact the following three critical psychological states �Meaningfulness of work, �Responsibility for outcomes and �Knowledge of the actual results, �In turn influencing work outcomes: - Job performance, - Job satisfaction, - Absenteeism and - Work motivation

Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS)/Model �The Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS)/Model was developed to: - (a) diagnose existing jobs to determine if they might be redesigned to improve employee motivation & productivity, - (b) evaluate the effects of job changes on employees. �The JDS instrument provides measures of: - (a) objective job dimensions, - (b) individual psychological states resulting from these dimensions, - (c) affective reactions of employees to the job and work setting, and - (d) individual growth need strength (interpreted as the readiness of individuals to respond to "enriched" jobs). �The Job Characteristics Model was developed, based on Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS)/Model.

Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS) (Contd. ) �The following are some of the instruments/questionnaires of Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS) - a. A. To what extent does the job require a person to work with mechanical equipment? 1 -----2 ----3 ----4 ----5 ----6 ----7 1. Very little, the job requires almost no work with mechanical equipment of any kind. 4. Moderately, the job requires moderate work with mechanical equipment. 7. Very much, the Job requires almost constant work with mechanical equipment.

Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS) (Contd. ) - b. To what extent does the job require a person to work closely with other people (either "client, " or people in related jobs in the organization)? 1 -----2 ------3 -----4 -----5 -----6 -----7 1. Very little; dealing with other people is not at all necessary for doing the Job. 4. Moderately; some dealing with others is necessary. 7. Very much; dealing with other people is absolutely essential and crucial part of doing the job.

Job Diagnostic Survey(JDS) (Contd. ) �c. How much autonomy is there in the Job? �That is, to what extent does the Job permit a person to decide on how to go about doing the work? 1 -----2 ----3 -----4 ----5 -----6 -----7 1. Very little; the job gives a person almost no personal "say" about how and when the work is done. 4. Moderate autonomy; many things are standardised and not under the control of the person, but he or she can make some decisions about the work. 7. Very much; the job gives the person almost complete responsibility for deciding on how and when the work is done.