JEWISH FEASTS THEIR SIGNIFICANCE WHY DO WE NEED

JEWISH FEASTS & THEIR SIGNIFICANCE

WHY DO WE NEED TO KNOW THIS? ? The New Testament is a continuation and renewal of the Old Testament. To understand the New, one must understand the Old WHY? ?

NOTE THAT The New Testament is in the Old Testament CONCEALED And the Old Testament is in the New Testament REVEALED

SOME INTRODUCTORY NOTES The Old Testament Feasts are built on the concept of No. : “ 7” 7 feasts Sabbath (7 th day) 7 th month Sabbatical year (every 7 th year) Pentecost (day after 7 weeks) Jubilee (Year after 7 X 7 years) The Jewish year follows the moon A Etc. Full moon every 28 days

SEVEN MAIN JEWISH FEASTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Passover Supper The Feast of Unleavened Bread The Feast of First Fruits The Feast of Pentecost The Feast of Trumpets The Day of Atonement The Feast of Tabernacles

1. PASSOVER

This Feast is Preceded by 2 Main Events: Jewish New Year Passover Sanctification

JEWISH NEW YEAR Nisan 1 (March 1) Signifies: Cleansing & New Beginning On this day: The dedication of the Tabernacle 2 years after the exodus (Exodus 40: 2, 33 -34) The cleansing of the Temple by Hezekiah (2 Chron 29: 23). Ezra and the exiles begin their return to Jerusalem from Babylon in the year 457 BC (Ezra 7: 9) The decree is given to Nehemiah to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem by the Persian King Artaxerxes Longimanus

PASSOVER SANCTIFICATION Nisan 10 (March 10) On this day: The sanctification of the Passover Lamb during the Exodus (Exodus 12: 3 -6) Israel crossed the Jordan River and entered the promised land 40 years after Exodus from Egypt (Joshua 4: 9)

Passover Sanctification In The New Testament On this day Palm Sunday Jesus Christ, Our Passover Lamb, was cut off by the Priests (Dan 9: 26)

1. PASSOVER SUPPER Nisan 14 (April) All males must go to the Temple in Jerusalem On this day: God makes a Covenant with Abraham concerning the promised land. 430 years exactly after this promise, Israel left Egypt for the promised land. The First Passover Supper eaten in preparation for the Exodus (Exodus 12: 14) The Covenant renewed (Gen 17: 10 -11, Joshua 5: 3, 8; 5: 1112) The Book of the Law found and reaffirmed under King Josiah (2 Chron 34: 2 -14). The first thing he did as a result was to celebrate the Passover Feast in obedience to God. The dedication of the Second Temple in 515 BC, and celebration of Passover (Ezra 6: 16 -19)

Gregorian Date March 31, 0025 March 20, 0026 April 7, 0027 March 27, 0028 April 14, 0029 April 3, 0030 March 24, 0031 April 12, 0032 April 1, 0033 March 20, 0034 April 9, 0035 March 28, 0036 Hebrew Date (14 Nissan) Monday Friday Wednesday Monday Saturday Wednesday Monday Friday

Passover Supper In The New Testament Jesus celebrated the Last Supper with His disciples and Jesus offers a New Covenant (Luke 22: 19 -20)

2. THE FEAST OF UNLEAVENED BREAD

2. THE FEAST OF UNLEAVENED BREAD HAG-HAMATZOT Nisan 15 -21 (April) This occurs the day after Passover Supper and lasts 7 days. Israel eats bread without leaven (Lev 23: 6 -7, 10 -11). On this day: The Exodus from bondage in Egypt began (Ex 12: 14) They left Egypt in a hurry—no time for leaven in bread.

The Feast Of Unleavened Bread In The New Testament Jesus Crucifixion — Our Passover Lamb

3. THE DAY OF FRUITS ST 1

3. THE DAY OF FIRST FRUITS Nisan 17 (Apr) Israel brings the first fruits of the harvest into God’s house to acknowledge Him as their provider (Exod 23: 19). On this day: Noah’s Ark rested on Mount Ararat (Gen 8: 4) Israel miraculously crosses over the Red Sea (Exod 14: 13 -14). Israel eats the first fruits of the promised land (Josh 5: 10 -12).

The Feast Of The Day Of First Fruits In The New Testament Jesus Christ rose from the dead (1 Cor. 15: 20). Jesus was crucified on Nisan 15 and on Nisan 17 rose from the dead—first fruits of all other resurrections.

4. THE FEAST OF PENTECOST

4. THE FEAST OF PENTECOST Sivan 6 (May) All Jewish males were required to celebrate it at the temple in Jerusalem. On this day: God gave Moses the Law on Mount Sinai. Jewish tradition teaches that King David was born and died Enoch was taken up to heaven (Gen 5: 24).

The Feast Of The Pentecost In The New Testament God gave the Church the Holy Spirit. Took place 50 days after Feast of First. Fruits; thus, called Pentecost which means 50.

5. THE FEAST OF TRUMPETS

5. THE FEAST OF TRUMPETS Tishri 1 (Sept): The day of blowing the Shofar. On this day: The High Priest blows the ram’s horn (the Shofar) announcing the beginning of the New Year. Based on Jewish Tradition: 1. 2. 3. New Years day. The day of remembrance. The day of judgment. Isaiah 60 -61 is read in the Synagogues to teach the lesson that eventually the Lord will be revealed as King

The Feast Of The Trumpets In The New Testament Jesus identified himself as the Messiah (Luke 4: 19 -21)

6. THE DAY OF ATONEMENT

6. THE DAY OF ATONEMENT-YOM KIPPUR Tishri 10 (Sept) This is the holiest day of the year for religious Jews. On this day: The High Priest, makes atonement for Israel (enters into the Holy of Hollies, and sprinkles blood: 1 drop on the lid of the Arch of the Covenant, and 7 drops toward the people). Every 50 years, it is called The Year of Jubilee (Lev 25) Jews traditionally observe this holy day with a 25 hr. period of fasting and intensive prayer, often spending most of the day in synagogue services. Yom Kippur completes the annual period known

7. THE FEAST OF TABERNACLES

7. THE FEAST OF TABERNACLES Tishri 15 (Oct) The Feast of Tabernacles begins 5 days after Yom Kippur on the 15 th of Tishri (Sept. or Oct. ) It lasts for 7 days and ends on the 21 st day (3 x 7) of the Hebrew 7 th month (Tishri) It is an Autumn harvest festival Tabernacles is also known as the Feast of the Ingathering, Feast of the Booths (Sukkoth) It was the final and most important holiday of the year

HISOTRICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FEAST OF TABERNACLES Instituted by God at the END of the fruit harvest (Sept -Oct). It refers to the temporary dwellings that Jews are commanded to live in during this holiday, just as the Israelites did in the wilderness “That your generations may know that I made the children of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God” (Leviticus 23: 43) Jewish men are required to attend the feast in Jerusalem. On each day they are to sacrifice 14 lambs without blemish (Num 29: 15, 32). The temple-trumpets were blown on each day. On this day: 1005 BC the dedication of Solomon’s Temple (2 Chron 5: 2 -3, 1 Kings 8: 1 -2). Zechariah 14: 1 -21 is read in all Synagogues because it promises Israel’s final Messianic deliverance from persecution and the beginning of the prophesied kingdom.

The Feast Of Tabernacles in the New Testament Jesus at the Temple

The Feast Of Tabernacles is Still to Come

PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

2 MORE MINOR FEASTS

PURIM Carnival-like atmosphere (wearing of costumes, and bringing gifts of food door-to -door sometimes leads to it being referred to as the "Jewish Mardi Gras" or "Jewish Halloween" by non-Jews)

THE FEAST OF HANUKKAH Chisleu 25 (Dec) Not one of the appointed feasts, but celebrated because it commemorates the cleansing and rededication of the Second Temple in 165 BC. On this day before Israel has witnessed four major historical events: In 520 BC the foundation of the Second Temple was laid. In 168 BC Antiochus stopped the Temple Sacrifices. In 165 BC the Temple recaptured and cleansed. In AD 1917 Jerusalem freed from Turkish rule. Possible date for the miraculous defeat of Russian