Jerzy M Langer Ministry of Science and Information

Jerzy M Langer Ministry of Science and Information Society Technologies, Poland Why Coordination? Benefits, opportunities and barriers Conference on the co-ordination of national research programmes: opportunities and barriers, Manchester, 21 October 2005

JERZY M LANGER NEW EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND Europe without top research and education cannot meet the challenges of the XXI Century. And this cannot be achieved without a concerted R&D policy at both national and European levels. Ironically, Europe has no problem putting together excellent football teams consisting of players from several EU countries. Putting together excellent research teams seems much harder. Romano Prodi, "AN ENLARGED EUROPE FOR RESEARCHERS", BRUSSELS, JUNE 2001

We are losing ground on just about all the key factors that matter for our future growth:

ATTRACTING RESEARCHERS JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND Many Graduates – Few Researchers Share of Science and Engineering graduates (% of new degrees, 2003) 18, 5 5, 4 Researchers per 1000 labour force (full-time equivalent, 2003) 0 5 15 23, 1 EU-25 US Japan 9 10, 1 10 24, 2 20 25 30 Wake-up Call for Knowledge Europe! Commissioner Janez Potočnik Brussels – 19 July 2005

JERZY M LANGER GERD as % GDP MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND 10 -fold disparity in R&D financing across EU-25 is a major obstacle in making coherent European R&D policy and thus coordination! KEY FIGURES 2005, DG Res, EC

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND FP 6 - OVERALL RESULTS

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND EU-25 NETWORKS OF EXCELLENCE

IS THE PICTURE SO BLEAK? ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES

JERZY M LANGER 1. YOUNG PEOPLE MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND

JERZY M LANGER 2. SCIENCE SPECIALISATION MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND European diversity SCIENCES KEY FIGURES 2005, DG Res, EC

JERZY M LANGER 3. SCIENCE QUALITY CITATION INTENSITY MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND GDP person in thousands US dollars David A. King, Nature 2004

JERZY M LANGER 4. FINANCIAL RESOURCES MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND Leverage of joint use of individual resources KEY FIGURES 2005, DG Res, EC

We are in trouble, but have a chance, so concerted action is a must SCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHER Hence cooperation tools welcome, but coordination acceptable only at the project level we know best what is good for us

SCIENTISTS WORK AND PUBLISH TOGETHER JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND JOURNAL Papers analysed Nature v. 433 -5 487 7, 86 ± 0, 73 3, 42 ± 0, 17 Science v. 307 -8 426 7, 70 ± 0, 43 3, 49 ± 0, 15 Phys. Rev. B 71 June 2005 108 3, 99 ± 0, 25 2, 26 ± 0, 14 Phys. Rev. C 71 June 2005 77 15, 9 ± 6, 6 4, 39 ± 0, 88 Astroparticle Physics v. 23 48 23, 5 ± 9, 6 4, 67 ± 1, 17 authors/ paper Institutions/paper COURTESY - PROF. A. K. WRÓBLEWSKI, 2005

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND JOINT INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS 2 nd EUROPEAN REPORT ON S&T INDICATORS, EC - 1997

JERZY M LANGER JOINT PUBLICATIONS MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND with the USA 1980 -1995 with the EU Hungary - 8 times Hungary, Poland - 6 times 5 times 2 nd EUROPEAN REPORT ON S&T INDICATORS, EC - 1997

We are in trouble, but have a chance, so concerted action is a must SCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHER Hence cooperation tools welcome, but coordination acceptable only at the project level (we know best what is good for us) ADMINISTRATORS, POLICY & DECISION MAKERS have another perspective, hence coordination likely, provided they do not lose power and importance

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND LEGAL FRAMEWORK TREATY – Chapter XVIII Art. 166 Framework Program Art. 165 Community and MS shall coordinate their research … to ensure that national and Community Policy are mutually consistent Art. 169 EC + MS jointly funded programs Art. 171 New structures possible (EU Parliament involved)

JERZY M LANGER FP 7 - COOPERATION MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND • Collaborative research • Joint Technology Initiatives • Co-ordination of non-Community research programs – ERA-NET and ERA-NET PLUS (common fund) – Art. 169 – variable geometry initiatives – EUREKA and COST synergy with FP • International co-operation

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND BARRIERS FOR COORDINATION SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE AT WORK • Specific national rulings – Review schemes (national - must) – Resident vs. non-resident financing – What allowed (e. g. stem cells, GMOs, etc) • Diverse funding schemes – Ministries vs. Research Councils • Different fiscal rules and scales – Full vs. partial cost, backup funds • Different budgetary rules (e. g. yearly base) • Different priorities and legal consequences • Different scale of resources – GERD (0, 35 – 4, 5%)

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND A NEW DEAL URGENTLY NEEDED IN R&D EUROPE Member States European Commission - abandon „juste retour” as an old fashioned approach - agree on benchmarking and its consequences - openness - harmonise procedures (e. g. on peer review, English as acceptable legal language in proposal submittals, timing, …) - in-kind money provider - an initiator an observer –ERA watch a guardian a „facilitator” (financial, personnel) a legal advisor information provider more cost-efficient and simplifying OMC needs a serious debate – the Austrian presidency welcome to concert it

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION • fixing guidelines with specific timetables for achieving the goals • quantitative and qualitative indicators and benchmarks as a means of comparing best practice; • periodic monitoring, evaluation and peer review. • translating these European guidelines into national and regional policies by setting specific targets and adopting measures LISBON EUROPEAN COUNCIL, CONCLUSIONS, 2000

OMC IN NATURE JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND Ice flake Bacterial colony SELF-ORGANISATION

JERZY M LANGER AREAS OF COORDINATION MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND Concerted actions needed in EU-25 to stay on a Lisbon track and win: Research (themes, policies, actions) Education (Bologna process) Innovation

JERZY M LANGER SME’s in BERD (%) 2002 MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND SMEs in Europe relatively large part of business expenditure BERD Chance for most innovative SMEs in developing European regions EUROSTARS initiative of EUREKA KEY FIGURES 2005, DG Res, EC

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND EUROSTARS Centralised common pot Funding of SME-driven innovation projects by EUREKA MS and the EC through an article 169 initiative Centralised common pot - International assessment –centralised funding EUREKA, HLG & GA, Maastricht - 2005

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND EUROSTARS Decentralised common pot Funding of SME-driven innovation projects by EUREKA MS and the EC through an article 169 initiative A decentralised common pot - joint call and evaluation – national funding EUREKA, HLG & GA, Maastricht - 2005

JERZY M LANGER MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND INFORMATION SOCIETY TECHNOLOGIES, POLAND EUROPE NEEDS GRAND VISION FOR XXI CENTURY From ERA to REI European Research Area – New FP & increased budget European Higher Education – Bologna Process; EIT? European funding of basic research – European Research Council European promotion of Innovativeness – European Innovation Council

If Europe in the XX century could agree on common coal & steel and then agricultural policies, why then not to have common Research, Education and Innovation policies for the XXI century? How is it possible to expect that mankind will take advice, when they will not so much as take warning? Jonathan Swift The Battle of the Books and Other Short Pieces