Jean Dsir Gustave Courbet nasceu em Ornans Frana
Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet nasceu em Ornans, França, em 10 de junho de 1819. Courbet pintou composições figurativas, paisagens, marinhas e naturezas-mortas. Ele causou polêmica por tratar de questões sociais em seu trabalho, e por pintar temas que foram considerados vulgares, como a burguesia rural, os camponeses e as condições de trabalho dos pobres. Em 1839 foi para Paris. Suas obras foram bastante influenciadas pelos pintores franceses, espanhóis e alemães da época do realismo no século XVII. Entre suas pinturas do início dos anos 1840, encontram-se vários autorretratos, nos quais o artista retratou-se em diversos papéis. A partir de 1844, fez exposições constantes no “Salon” de Paris. Os críticos reagiram a seu favor e seu nome tornou-se público. Entre 1846 -1847 viajou para a Holanda e a Bélgica, reforçando a crença de que os pintores devem retratar a vida a seu redor. Durante a década de 1850, Courbet pintou inúmeras obras figurativas. Na década de 1870, Courbet havia se tornado bem estabelecido como um dos artistas líderes da França. Após a queda do Segundo Império, Courbet foi eleito presidente da “Fédération des Artistes” para a expansão livre e sem censura da Arte. Em 1871, sob a revolucionária “Comuna de Paris”, o artista ficou no comando de todos os museus de Arte de Paris, preservando suas obras. Em 1873 Courbet exilou-se na Suíça. Nos anos seguintes, ele participou ativamente de algumas exposições regionais e nacionais. Coubert foi líder do movimento “Realist” na pintura francesa do século 19. Morreu em La Tour-de-Peilz, na Suíça, em 31 de dezembro de 1877.
Courbet and His Black Dog, 1842 - Musée Petit-Palais, France
Self-Portrait - The Desperate Man, c. 1843 -45 - Private Collection
The Hammock, 1844 - Museum Oskar Reinhart, Switzerland
The Wounded Man, 1844 - Musée d’Orsay, France
Zélie Courbet, 1847 São Paulo Museum of Art, Brasil Marc Trapadoux Is Examining the Book of Prints, 1848
After Dinner at Ornans, 1849 - Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille, France
The Stone Breakers, 1849 - New Masters Gallery, Dresden, Germany
A Burial at Ornans, 1849 -50 - Musée d’Orsay, France
View of Ornans, 1850
Farmers of Flagey on the Return from the Market, 1850 - Museum of Art, Besançon, France
The Village Maidens, 1852 - Leeds Museums and Galleries, Leeds, UK
The Sleeping Spinner, 1853 - Musée Fabre, France
The Meeting, 1854 - Musée Frabre, France
The Artist’s Studio, 1855 - Musée d’Orsay, France
Les Demoiselles des Bords de la Seine, 1856 - Musée Petit-Palais, France
L’Amazone , 1856 Madame Auguste Cuoq, 1857
Hunting Dogs with Dead Hare, 1857
Louis Guéymard as Robert le Diable, 1857 Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA After the Hunt, ca. 1859
Les Bas Blancs, 1861 - Barnes Foundation, USA
The Trellis, 1862 - Toledo Museum of Art, Ohio, USA
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon et Ses Enfants, 1865 - Musée Petit-Palais, France
Portrait of Jo, 1865 -66 - Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA
Woman with a Parrot, 1866
Nude Sleeping in the Woods, 1866 - Private Collection
Le Sommeil, 1866 - Musée Petit-Palais, France
La Source, 1868 - Musée d'Orsay, France The Bather, 1868 - Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA
Cliffs at Étretat , after the Storm, 1870 - Musée d'Orsay, France
Stream in the Jura Mountains (The Torrent), 1872 -73 - Honolulu Museum of Art, Hawaii
Biography: Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet was born in Ornans, France, on June 10, 1819. Courbet painted figurative compositions, landscapes, marines and still lifes. He caused discussion by address social questions in his work and for painting issues that had been considered vulgars, such as the rural burgueoisie, peasants and the working conditions of the poor. In 1839 he went to Paris. His work were strongly influenced by the French, Spanish and Germans painters at the time of Realism in the XVII century. Among his paintings of early 1840 s there are several self-portraits, in which the artist portrayed himself in various roles. From 1844 on, he made steadfast exhibitions in the “Salon”, in Paris. Critics reacted in his favor and his name became public. Les Gorges du Saillon, 1875 Between 1846 -1847 he made trips to Holland Belgium, which reinforced his belief that painters should portray the life around them. During the 1850 s Courbet painted numerous figurative works. In the 1870 s, Courbet had become well established as one of the leading artists of France. After the fall of the Second Empire, Courbet was appointed President of the “Fédération des Artistes” for the free and uncensored spreading of the Art. In 1871, under the revolucionary “Paris Comune”, the artist became in charge of all the Art Museums of Paris, preserving its works. In 1873 Courbet exiled himself in Switzerland. In the following years, he took an active part in some local and national exhibitions. Courbet was a leader of the “Realist” movement in the 19 th century French painting. He died in La Tour-de-Peliz, Switzerland, on December 31, 1877.
Entrée d’un Gave, 1876 - Birmingham Museum of Art, USA
Créditos Música: Esquisses for Piano op. 63 – Quasi Coro Charles-Valentin Alkan, 1813 -1888 Pesquisa e Formatação: Julia Zappa juliazappa@uol. com. br Revisão e Tradução de Texto: Ida Aranha sabercultural@sabercultural. com http: //www. sabercultural. org Outubro 2013 Portrait of Countess Karoly - Private Collection
Fontes: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gustave_Courbet http: //educacao. uol. com. br/biografias/courbet. jhtm http: //www. metmuseum. org/toah/hd/gust/hd_gust. htm http: //www. musee-orsay. fr/en/collections/courbet-dossier The Source
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