JAZZ Spirituals Gospel Blues What are the musical

JAZZ

Spirituals, Gospel, & Blues • What are the musical characteristics of spirituals, gospel, and blues music? • What is the form of blues music? • How do I create and perform lyrics to a blues melody?

Did you know that jazz was born in the United States? Did you know that the drum set was invented by jazz musicians? Did you know that the word "cool" and "hip" were originally jazz terms? Join us in learning more about the history of jazz from its birth in New Orleans, Louisiana, to the music we hear on the radio today. http: //teacher. scholastic. com/activities/bhistory/history_of_jazz. htm

Describe the different styles of JAZZ and how they impact the music of today. LEQ

Describe the style and musicians of each jazz style. LEQ

Making Music purple book • Listen and sing Siyahamba Song, page 206 (African), CD 9 - 1

Making Music purple book • Read pages 224 - 235

WHAT IS SYNCOPATION? ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN ACCENT 1 2 3 4 < <

‘ROOTS’ • AFRICAN instruments & rhythms-drums & banjo • Beat, rhythms, syncopation

Call and Response Beat, rhythms, syncopation & Call and Response singing.

Call and Response Song “Ise Oluwa” Book page 226

The Origins of Jazz European and Africa Influence VIDEO Call & Response (start video at 1: 04)

Spirituals Characteristics: • Sung and created by slaves during the Civil War- Spirituals • With these songs, they expressed their hope for freedom, and a more dignified life. • Sing a Spiritual

"Swing low, Sweet Chariot” Swing low, Sweet Chariot Coming for to carry me home Swing low, sweet chariot Coming for to carry me home I looked over Jordan and what did I see? Coming for to carry me home A band of angels coming after me Coming for the carry me home http: //freekidsmusic. com/traditional/swing-low-sweet-chariot. html

If you get to heaven before I do Coming for to carry me home Tell all my friends that I'm coming too Coming for the carry me home Swing low, Sweet Chariot Coming for to carry me home Swing low, sweet chariot Coming for to carry me home Sometimes I'm up, sometimes I'm down Coming for to carry me home In my heart I know I'm heaven bound Coming for to carry me home

Underground Railroad http: //teacher. scholastic. com/activities/bhistory/und erground%5 Frailroad/plantation. htm http: //teacher. scholastic. com/activities/bhistory/und erground%5 Frailroad/slideshows/escape_slides. htm Timeline: http: //www. fergusbordewich. com/FBtimelinepage. s html

Underground Railroad Quilts http: //home 2. fvcc. edu/~cgreig/final/undimages/sampler. jpg http: //www. straycatsquilting. com/images/rr. jpg http: //4. bp. blogspot. com/_Am. ILp. Ry. S 6 f. U/SSXP 6 p. KCHz. I/AAAACWQ/n 2 qefa. J 7 St. U/s 400/quilting

Gospel • Jonah • Compare & Contrast the styles of Spiritual to Gospel

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers: • Africa & European origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < <

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers: • Africa & European origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < < • Sung by slaves during the Civil War • Through music, they hoped for a better life and for freedom Musicians/Composers: • “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” • “Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”

Name _________ Jazz Roots Period ____ Ticket out the door (7 pts) 1 - Describe Syncopation 2 & 3 - Jazz has its roots in these 2 sources 4 - What is a Spiritual? 5 & 6 - Africa’s music used _____ & ____ singing. 7. Name a spiritual that we talked about in class.

Name _________ Jazz Roots Period ____ Answer should reflect 1 – Syncopation is…. 2 & 3 - Jazz has its roots in _____ & ____. 4 - A Spiritual is …. . 5 & 6 - Africa’s music used _____ & ____ singing. 7.

WHAT IS SYNCOPATION? ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN ACCENT

New Orleans: The Melting Pot of Sound 1900 - 1930 • Jazz started in New Orleans in 1900 • Jazz was a blend of musical styles from Europe and Africa including ragtime, spirituals, and marches. http: //www. helloneworleans. com/Images/Buildings/6272006 St_Charles_Hotel_1900. jpg

Hotlanta Dixieland Jazz - Jazz History Dr Jazz VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Si. EOu. WVo. Ta. E http: //jazzbluesclub. com/uploads/posts/thumbs/1238244060_61 w 0 g 5 cg 0 gl. jpg

‘Birth’ Of Jazz • Louis Armstrong • King Oliver • Dixieland Louis became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. Jazz capital of the world

Jazz History 1 of 111 - Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917) VIDEO Watch up to 5: 00; then 8: 00 to the end http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=SEIGi. Iv. Lurs

PAIR SHARING: Describe how Jazz got started. LEQ

LOUIS ARMSTRONG v. Read article about Louis Armstrong v. Answer Questions. Listen to the drama expressed by the trumpet and clarinet solos in "Potato Head Blues. " VIDEO

1901 Louis Armstrong is born • Louis Armstrong was one of the most influential artists in the history of music. Born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901, he began playing the cornet at the age of 13. Armstrong perfected the improvised jazz solo as we know it - Improvisation. VIDEO of his childhood VIDEO • Before Armstrong, Dixieland was the style of jazz that everyone was playing. His nicknames were "Pops" and "Satchmo. " Louis was loved and admired throughout the world. He died in New York City on July 6, 1971.

Louis Armstrong Purple Music Books page 64 – 67 Sing “What a Wonderful World” CD 3 – 17, 19

It was “Jazz on the River. ”

Improvisation is an important element of Jazz • Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is a spontaneous performance. • Website to check out: http: //www. jazclass. aust. com/bl 1. htm

Billy Boy The Stuart Mindeman Trio recording the traditional song, "Billy Boy" in the recital hall of the Northern Illinois University music building for their upcoming CD. Stuart Mindeman - Piano John Tate. . . VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=71 i. YWCq. Pp_Y

How do I improvise? LEQ

Improvisation Use your Right Hand Using the black keys, improvise along with the music. 1 2 3 4 5

Improvisation Use your Right Hand Using the black keys, improvise along with the music. 1 2 3 4 5

How do I improvise? Refer to piano books. For advanced pianists: How to improvise piano blues, Part 1 Video How to improvise piano blues, Part 2 Video LEQ

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers: • Africa & European origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation 1 2 3 4 < < • Sung by slaves during the Civil War • Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Musicians/Composers: • “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” • “Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen”

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: • Africa origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation • Sung by slaves during the Civil War • Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Musicians/Composers: • “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” • New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world • Black Parade Music • Jazz started app. 1900 Musicians/Composers: • Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. • Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. Musicians/Composers:

Name _________ Jazz Beginnings Period ____ Ticket out the door (5 pts) 1 - Describe Improvisation 2 & 3 - Where and when did Jazz start? 4 & 5 - Name 2 facts about Louis Armstrong.

Describe the style and musicians of Ragtime. LEQ

RAGTIME • 1900 -1920’s • ‘Mostly played on the piano • ‘Ragging’ or Stride Bass in Left Hand • Syncopated style Scott Joplin was often called the FATHER OF RAGTIME

Maple leaf rag - Scott Joplin VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=re. I 43 y. UCa. UI

Intro. • Watch: This is America, Charlie Brown Section from slavery to “When the Saints Go Marching In” Students take notes. What styles were discussed? start : 12

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: • Africa origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation • Sung by slaves during the Civil War • Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Musicians/Composers: • Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. • “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” • New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world • Black Parade Music • Jazz started app. 1900 Musicians/Composers: • Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. Musicians/Composers:

Origins of Jazz – Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime Characteristics/Facts: • Africa origins • Rhythms, Beats • Call & Response • Syncopation • Sung by slaves during the Civil War • Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Musicians/Composers: • Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. • “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” • New Orleans – Jazz Capital of the world • Black Parade Music • Jazz started app. 1900 Musicians/Composers: • Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. • Involves playing a piano very fast • 1900 -1920 Musicians/Composers: • Scott Joplin was called “Father of Ragtime” He wrote: –Maple Leaf Rag –The Entertainer

Name _________ RAGTIME Period ____ Ticket out the door (4 pts) 1 & 2 - List 2 facts about Ragtime 3 & 4 - List 2 facts about Scott Joplin.

BLUES • 1800 -1930’s • A-A-B Form • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 Bar Blues • ‘B. B’ King, Bessie Smith, Billie Holiday • Beale Street –Memphis , TN

Late 1800 s–Today The Blues: Back to the Source Born in the South, the blues is an African American music form that recognized the pain of lost love and injustice. The blues evolved from hymns, work songs, and field hollers — music used to accompany spiritual, work and social functions. Blues is the foundation of jazz as well as the prime source of rhythm and blues, rock 'n' roll, and country music. The blues is still evolving and is still widely played today.

• The blues is a musical form that has its origins in work songs sung by slaves in the United States. • Blues songs tell stories about life experiences, particularly love and poverty. • Blues singers, including Ray Charles, Billie Holiday, and Muddy Waters, are known around the world. • Today, blues musicians use pianos, drums, and guitars, but in the past, they used instruments made from whatever was available, including pots and washboards. http: //www. education-world. com/a_tsl/archives/00 -1/lesson 0040. shtml

WHAT ARE THE 12 BAR BLUES? v. IT IS A CHORD PROGRESSION USING ONLY 3 CHORDS

Rock Around the Clock WOM Red – pg. 158 What key is this song written in? What are the 3 primary chords for that key? Analyze chords progression. What is the chord progression? Sing “Rock Around the Clock” http: //www. d 4 haley. com/images/LPHaley. RATC. jpg http: //www. jeffosretromusic. com/Clock. jpg

Singing the Blues with Larry VIDEO http: //www. itickets. com/parts/nimages/1648. jpg

I've got the blues, I feel so lonely I'll give the world if I could only Bessie Smith Make you understand It surely would be grand I'm gonna telephone my baby Ask him won't you please come home 'Cause when you're gone, I'm worried all day long Baby won't you please come home I have tried in vain Ever more to call your name When you left you broke my heart That will never make us part Every hour in the day You will hear me say Baby won't you please come home, I mean Baby won't you please come home Cause your mama's all alone I have tried in vain Never more to call your name When you left you broke my heart That will never make us part Landlord gettin' worse, I've got to move May the first Baby won't you please come home, I need money Baby won't you please come home

Bessie Smith -- Baby Won't You Please Come Home 1923 VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z. Crt. Ermip. XE http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=95 wv 7 u. AUp. DM http: //hd. se/kultur/blogg/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/bessie_smith 2_8120691. jpg http: //z. about. com/d/womenshistory/1/0/e/8/bessie_smith_002. jpg

The Voices of Jazz Billie Holiday, known as Lady Day, was only sixteen years old When she burst on the jazz scene as the singer for Benny Goodman’s band. She had a tragic life, and was able to sing with intense emotion. VIDEO http: //thebroadroom. net/images/beauty/2007_q 3/billie_holliday. jpg

Billie Holiday v. Read article about Billie Holiday v. Answer Questions. http: //www. mp 3 lyrics. org/b/billie-holiday_3. Jpg

B. B. KING VIDEO BB King - How Blue Can You Get http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 j. CNXASjz. MY

“It’s not so Easy being Me” Sing Blues song WOM 7 (RED) – 160

How do I create and perform lyrics to a blues melody?

SUN GONNA SHINE Blues • Sing song page 234 • Read, compose, and sing new blues lyrics for “Sun Gonna Shine” • Compare and contrast the various musical elements from gospel, spirituals, and blues music.

SUN GONNA SHINE • With your partner, write your own lyrics to a Blues sequence: • Line 1 ___________ • Line 2 ___________ • Line 3 ___________

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers:

Blues Characteristics/Facts: Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers: • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 - Bar Blues • 1800 -1930’s • In 1917, war times closed the New Orleans district. Musicians left and relocated in Chicago. Musicians/Composers: • ‘B. B’ King • Bessie Smith • Billie Holiday

Name _________ Blues Period ____ Ticket out the door (6 pts) 1, 2, 3 - List 3 facts about the Blues style 4 & 5 – Name 2 Blue singers 6 – What city did jazz musicians relocate to?

A SOULFUL CELEBRATION OVERTURE 1. n a c i r f A l a u t i r i p S k 2. Blac 5. Gospel d n a B 4. Big 3. Rag time 6. Bl ues 7. The 70’s 9. Hip-Hop 8. Jazz Fusion 10. House

Ella Fitzgerald won a talent contest in 1934, and then became known as one of the greatest singers and masters of SCAT in jazz history! http: //rosettasister. files. wordpress. com/2009/02/ella. jpg

The famous Ella Fitzgerald first appeared here at the Apollo Theatre.

Her voice captivated the hearts of her audience. Her scatting abilities inspired many musicians.

Ella Fitzgerald v. Read article about Ella Fitzgerald v. Answer Questions.

Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) VIDEO Watch up to 8: 00 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=BPTf. S 69 E 3 -c

In the 1920’s, Jazz EXPLODED! The center then moved to Chicago by the early 1920 s. http: //www. univie. ac. at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/pages/Chicago%20 Blues/state. jpg

Chicago was THE city for blues musicians and African Americans from the South - no Jim Crow laws, plenty of jobs (at least before depression started), two direct lines to go there - the railroad and Highway 61. Around 1850 there probably lived 300 African Americans in Chicago, in 1920 they were 182, 000 - and quite a lot of them were Blues musicians. They settled down south of State Street - in Southside. State street was full of clubs and theaters, and quite a lot of musicians worked there. http: //www. univie. ac. at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/pages/Chicago%20 Blues/state. jpg

JAZZ • What are the musical characteristics of jazz music? • What is scat? • How do I compose and perform scat lyrics? • How do I improvise?

LOUIS ARMSTRONG - Developed scat ELLA FITZGERALD Modern Female Scat artist MEL TORME – modern male scat singer

What is scat? Scat is singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument. scat singing is vocal improvisation with random vocables and syllables or without words at all. Jazz History 24 of 111 - Our Language (1924 - 1929) VIDEO Stop at 3: 40; restart at 4: 15; stop at 7: 15 Scat Singing and Bessie Smith

Louis Armstrong Purple Music Books page 67 Listen to “Hotter than That” CD 3 – 20 which is a famous recording from 1927 that has Louis’s scat singing solos.

Sing “Blue Skies” Page 11, in song book Middle section has “scat singing”. 1. 2. 3. 4. http: //1. bp. blogspot. com/_1 D 7 ni. XVYUd 8/SGFHHLktdk. I/AAAAC 3 Y/a. U_b 83 Fh 9 fo/s 400/4 blog%2 Bblue%2 Bskies%2 B(1). JPG

Cool Cat Scat Sing: “When the Saints go Marching in” Purple Books, page 66 (The recording is of the original song, WOM 7)

Scattin’ A - Round Sing song: “Scattin A-Round” Purple Music Books page 158, CD 7 -5

Nikki Yanofsky - Airmail Special Nikki is only 14 years old, singing old jazz favorites and wowing audiences with her excellent scat singing abilities. Critics are comparing her to Ella Fitzgerald which is quite something when you consider that Ella is known as the “First Lady of Song”. VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=D-bum. Ye 5 mf. A&feature=player_embedded#

How do I compose and perform scat lyrics? LEQ

Cool Cat Scat Project 1. Select an easy song such as: Happy Birthday Twinkle, Twinkle 1. Write the words to the original song 2. Double space 3. Then, fill in scat words underneath the original words 4. Perform the scat song for the class. http: //dclips. fundraw. com/zobo 500 dir/excl_ed_comoglio_Image-12. jpg

Cool Cat Scat Project example Hap-py Birth-day to you. Do wah Bah Do wah Hap-py Birth-day to you. Oh Yeah!

Blues Characteristics/Facts: Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers: • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 Bar Blues • 1800 -1930’s Musicians/Composers: • ‘B. B’ King • Bessie Smith • Billie Holiday

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 Bar Blues • 1800 -1930’s • singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument Musicians/Composers: • ‘B. B’ King • Bessie Smith • Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers: • Ella Fitzgerald • Louis Armstrong • Duke Ellington

Name _________ Scat Period ____ Ticket out the door (4 pts) 1 - Define scat singing 2 – Name another musician who used scat besides Ella Fitzgerald 3 & 4 - Name 2 facts about Ella Fitzgerald

• DUKE ELLINGTON • Saxophones, Brass clarinets, drums • Glenn Miller, Tommy & Jimmy Dorsey 1930 -40’s

Brass Instrument MUTES Wow wow mute http: //www. long-mcquade. com/files/561/lg_harmon%20 trumpet%20 mute. jpg http: //www. ioremap. net/gallery/trumpet/cup_mute. jpg http: //www. wwbw. com/Harmon-J 1 -Triple-Play-Combo-Trumpet-Mute-360161 -i 1129469. wwbw

SWING 1930 - 1940 This era centers around big bands. Less emphasis on improvisation and more on band arrangements. What is a Mute? Observe the mutes in the video. VIDEO or VIDEO Same video of Duke Ellington. “It Doesn’t Mean a thing if it doesn’t have that swing”

Mid– 1930 s Swing: Sound in Motion Swing is the basic rhythm of jazz. Swinging means being in sync with other people and loving it. Swing as a jazz style first appeared during the Great Depression. The optimistic feeling of swing lifted the spirits of everyone in America. By the mid-1930 s, a period known as the "swing" era, swing dancing had become our national dance and big bands were playing this style of music. Orchestra leaders such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Fletcher Henderson, Paul Whiteman, and Benny Goodman led some of the greatest bands of the era. Learn about the swing rhythm and listen to how the vocalists accent the second and fourth beats to create that rhythm. These accents give the music a sense of motion and make you want to dance.

The Big Band Era During WWII, jazz was considered a symbol of hope and solidarity for American soldiers. Glenn Miller was the most important figure in BIG BAND MUSIC. http: //www. wwangle. com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008 http: //mentalfloss. cachefly. net/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/glenn_miller. jpg /12/james-stewart-as-glenn-miller. jpg

Glenn Miller was a trombone player and band leader, and the director of the Air Force Orchestra. Sadly, he was killed during the war in a plane crash while flying to Paris for a concert.

Duke Ellington: Master Composer "Duke" Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, in Washington, D. C. He began studying the piano at the age of seven. He started playing jazz as a teenager, and moved to New York City to become a bandleader. As a pianist, composer, and bandleader, Ellington was one of the creators of the big band sound, which fueled the "swing" era. He continued leading and composing for his jazz orchestra until his death in 1974. "Ellington plays the piano, but his real instrument is his band. Each member of his band is to him a distinctive tone color and set of emotions, which he mixes with others equally distinctive to produce a third thing, which I like to call the 'Ellington Effect. '" —Billy Strayhorn, composer and arranger

Duke Ellington was another famous jazz musician.

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And swing dancing was the dance to do!!!

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• Age of Popular Song • 1930’s & 40’s Big Bands • Designed for dancing either ballroom, foxtrot, jitterbug, mambo, or rumba • Irving Berlin (writer) • Frank Sinatra (singer)

Duke Ellington • Read Article about Duke Ellington • Answer Questions

Blues Scat Characteristics/Facts: • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 Bar Blues • 1800 -1930’s • singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument Musicians/Composers: • ‘B. B’ King • Bessie Smith • Billie Holiday • Ella Fitzgerald Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers:

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: • Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad • 12 Bar Blues • 1800 -1930’s • singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument • 1930 – 1940 • Use of Mutes • Swing was “Dance” music, the whole country was dancing Musicians/Composers: • ‘B. B’ King • Bessie Smith • Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers: • Ella Fitzgerald Musicians/Composers: • Duke Ellington • Benny Goodman • Glenn Miller • Count Basie Musicians/Composers:

Name _________ Swing Period ____ Ticket out the door (5 pts) 1 - How is Swing different from previous styles of Jazz? 2, 3, 4 - Name 3 other musicians from this period besides Duke E. 5 - What is a Mute? 6 & 7 - Name 2 facts about Duke Ellington

Famous Jazz Musicians • • Louis Armstrong Charlie Parker Miles Davis VIDEO Duke. Ellington Dave Brubeck VIDEO George Gershwin Wynton. Marsalis

COMPOSERS

COMPOSERS Gershwin’s crowning achievement in this style was the piano and orchestra composition RHAPSODY IN BLUE. He wrote the entire piece in only 2 months!

COMPOSERS Duke Ellington was a classy, elegant African American man who became the top attraction in Harlem at THE COTTON CLUB.

Fats Waller THE GREAT HARLEM PERFORMERS Fats Waller was a pianist, singer, and composer, best known for this comical song. http: //www. jazznblues. co. uk/Images/Fats%20 Waller. jpg

Cab Calloway is known as the king of “Hi de ho. ” http: //secretgeek. net/image/Cab_Calloway. jpg

BEBOP In the late 1940’s, some jazz musicians wanted to break away from traditional jazz and create a new sound. The new sound enabled the musicians to have more freedom of expression, with its fast paced rhythms and unusual breaks. BEBOP was especially popular in large cities.

BEBOP 1940 - 1955 Bebop is an outgrowth of swing, with tempos that are much faster. Emphasis is on improvisation, ensembles are smaller.

1940 s Bebop: The Summit of Sound "If you really understand the meaning of bebop, you understand the meaning of freedom. " —Thelonious Monk, pianist and composer In the early 1940 s, jazz musicians were looking for new directions to explore. A new style of jazz was born, called bebop, had fast tempos, intricate melodies, and complex harmonies. Bebop was considered jazz for intellectuals. No longer were there huge big bands, but smaller groups that did not play for dancing audiences but for listening audiences. Listen to a short history of the beginning of bebop, and learn how to scat!

Dizzy Gillespie: A Jazz Visionary Dizzy Gillespie The first time you hear Dizzy Gillespie play the trumpet, you may think that the tape was recorded at the wrong speed. He played so high, so fast, so correctly. " —Wynton Marsalis Trumpeter, bandleader, and composer John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie was born on October 21, 1917, in Cheraw, South Carolina. He got his first music lesson from his father and took off from there. He moved to New York City in 1937 and met musicians such as Thelonious Monk and Charlie Parker. Together they experimented with jazz and came up with the bebop sound. Dizzy also helped to introduce Latin American rhythms to modern jazz through his collaborations with artists such as Machito and Chano Pozo. His bold trumpet playing, unique style of improvisation, and inspired teachings had a major influence, not only on other trumpet players, but on all jazz musicians in the years to come. He died in Englewood, New Jersey, on January 6, 1993. How did Dizzy get his name? Wynton Marsalis explains his famous nickname and what made Dizzy so unique as a musician.

Dizzy Gillespie Dizzy was a great trumpeter who also dominated the BEBOP scene. He had an infectious personality which made him very popular, and his style of puffing out his cheeks while playing was his trademark. http: //www. lastudiomusicians. net/Dizzy%20 Gillespie. jpg

Rhythm and Blues After WWII, many African Americans from rural areas were moving into American cities to work for defense companies. They brought with them their musical tradition of gospel and blues, which then crossed paths with big band music. The result: RHYTHM AND BLUES.

Ray Charles was a pianist, singer, and saxophonist, emphasizing the religious background of the music. His music is considered a forerunner of SOUL. http: //www. brianharrismusic. net/images/Ray. Charles. jpg

Ray Charles Remembered as the “Godfather of Soul, ” James Brown went back to the rhythmic roots of African. American music, and proudly imitated these sounds as a beloved singing performer. http: //3. bp. blogspot. com/_K 1 bzc-bdxto/RY_gph. AP 7 HI/AAAABGo/A 7 l 3 NBs. YPu. E/s 400/j 3. jpg

The BOP of the 1960’s In the 50’s and 60’s, there was a movement for African Americans to return to the roots of jazz. Miles Davis and Thelonius Monk lead this new movement. http: //userserve-ak. last. fm/serve/_/115468/Miles+Davis. jpg http: //www. greatmodernpictures. com/ntm 01 lg. jpg

Free Jazz The late 1960’s changed jazz. America was in a time of turmoil, and jazz became free and without rules. John Coltrane lead this FREE JAZZ movement. http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //www. neajazzintheschools. org/images/lesson 4/look/joh n_coltrane. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //www. neajazzintheschools. org/lesson 4/look. php%3 Fuv%3 Ds&usg=_ _a. Mou. F-o 2 B 0 w 2 J 76 Ddc. JFDTTbjf. I=&h=365&w=310&sz=21&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=pq. XKE 9 WBYkfac. M: &tbnh=121&tbn =103&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DJohn%2 BColtrane%26 gbv%3 D 2%26 hl%3 Den%26 sa%3 DG

What does this have to do with rock and roll? In the 1940’s, the music of African Americans was primarily jazz (which in turn became rhythm and blues), and white music was either country or very schmaltzy pop, as demonstrated in hit recordings by artists such as Doris Day and Pat Boone. http: //media. photobucket. com/image/doris%20 day/Richard. Skipper/039_69070 Doris-Day-Posters-742149. jpg http: //www. 181. fm/cache/images/Pat_Boone. mega. jpg

When white country and western music, which was popular in the South, converged with rhythm and blues, the rock and roll Chuck Berry revolution was born. http: //www. esto. es/rock/images/Chuck. Berry. Promo 1. jpg

COOL JAZZ Characteristics: • Started in the 1950 s • evolved as a reaction against bebop. • stresses more lyrical playing, appears more subdued.

• Dave Brubeck • Piano • 1940 -50’s

to ROCK n’ ROLL • 12 BAR BLUES • Faster Tempo • Developed into 1950’s • Chuck Berry -guitar • Chubby Checker- ‘The Twist’ • Bill Hailey & the Comets-” ‘Rock Around the Clock” • Buddy Holly-’That’ll Be the Day

In 1954, rock and roll found its KING. Elvis Presley came from Memphis, and loved African American music with a passion. Young people of the 1950’s loved his music because it was the perfect combination of rebellion and entertainment. He wore sideburns, a stray forelock of hair on his forehead, and always looked like he was smirking.

ELVIS PRESLEY

The Beatles • • • The Beatles 1964 Ed Sullivan Show debut Unconventional in their day Represented sincerity yet defiance John Lennon and Paul Mc. Cartney were especially gifted song writers • George Harrison also wrote deeply felt poems

Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock Characteristics/Facts: Musicians/Composers:

SOUL While the Beatles were gaining fame, SOUL music was exploding as well. MOTOWN, a Detroit record label formed by African American businessman Berry Gordy, was the first African American label to record and distribute music by African American artists. The result was a captivating brand of pop music that won over both blacks and whites. Motown was the music of INTEGRATION.

Motown Artists included: Marvin Gaye The Temptations The Supremes http: //www. forgettherest. com/media/images/CD/0143672_1. jpg http: //rhythmicsoul. files. wordpress. com/2009/04/supremes 3. jpg

Cool Jazz • Miles Davis interview, 1982 • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=IHe. YG 9 SNa. S 0

SUMMERTIME - Miles Davis VIDEO Listen only to the music, close the video. Contrast & Compare to: Summertime Billie Holiday’s version of “Summertime” VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=HK 18 aw 2 -f. DI http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=n 4 PSju 9 HYw. U&feature=fvw

Miles Davis “Baby Won't You Please Come Home” VIDEO Who performed this same song? Bessie Smith in 1923 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 u 8 PTue. P_vo

How To Improvise Piano Blues Part 1 Piano Lesson VIDEO How To Improvise Piano Blues Part 2 Piano Lesson VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=XFox. G 3 ltn. B 4&feature=Play. List&p=FA 921964 F 9 D 78 F 2 F&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=37 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=9 G 18 B 7 q. Pkn. Y&feature=Play. List&p=C 3 D 7275 A 0 DBC 3 CB 3&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=54

Herbie Hancock - Jazz Fusion Cantelope Island VIDEO • • • Advertisement • • (more info) Herbie Hancock is one of the most influential American jazz pianists and composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with th. . . http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Xrg. P 1 u 5 YWEg

Herbie Hancock is one of the most influential American jazz pianists and composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with th. . . American jazz pianists and composers of our time, a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with the stylistic rhythms of electronic and acoustic jazz, his career spans some 50 years. His latest album is a tribute to his long time friend associate Joni Mitchell among the guest vocals on the album are Norah Jones, Tina Turner and Corrine Bailey Rae. For more info http: //www. fastfocus. tv/media. aspx? id. . .

Credits from PBS • • • • • • From PBS, JAZZ HISTORY GUMBO 1 – 111 Got the video clips from youtube. com Jazz History 1 of 111 - Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=SEIGi. Iv. Lurs&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=0&p laynext=1 Jazz History 5 of 111 - Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=t 2 EYCm 8 Jf. Mg&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=4 Jazz History 9 of 111 - Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f. BDD 2 UGdt. VM&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&in dex=8 Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=BPTf. S 69 E 3 -c&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=11 Jazz History 18 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 s. Ec. JVr. J 4 k 4&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=17 Jazz History 19 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=2 Hbv 5 N 3 O_v. M&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index= 18 Jazz History 21 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=zw. YWf. J 9 aqg. Q&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=2 0 Jazz History 22 of 111 - The Gift (1917 -1924) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z 9 Ppue. A 3 g. UM&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index= 21 Scat Singing & Bessie Smith, Blues Jazz History 24 of 111 - Our Language (1924 - 1929) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=lj. PPr. Lj. Jq 58&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index=23 Jazz History 25 of 111 - Our Language (1924 – 1929 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Xf 9 YQM 4 Q 6 hw&feature=Play. List&p=875194 B 0 B 3601 EB 0&index= 24

Nikki Yanofsky Sings It Don't Mean a Thing. . . VIDEO http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=GLSr 0 Uz. L 1 HE&feature=related

Credits B. B. King at his best http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=-s. MWTq. Uu. Sh 4 B. B. King - The Thrill Is Gone: 1993/Live At B. B. King's Blues Club, Blues Summit http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Qtm 66 Z 3 lebc