Jarrett Ch 16 Imperialism Europe Reaches Out European

Jarrett Ch. 16 Imperialism: Europe Reaches Out

European Imperialism pg. 257

1. What does imperialism refer to? • The political and economic control of one area or country by another.

2. When did European nations first develop overseas empires? • In the 15 th century.

3. In the 19 th century where did the great European powers acquire vast colonial empires? • Africa, Asia and the Pacific.

The British “Raj” (Reign) In India pg. 258

4. What did the British build in India in 1853? • Railroads/railways

5. What religion did the British bring to India? • Christianity

6. Why were the British able to control India? • Because Indians were divided among themselves. • The British had better weapons and used trained Indian soldiers

7. Who were the “sepoys? ” • Trained Indian soldiers

8. How did the British crush the Sepoy Mutiny? • The British used “loyal” Indian soldiers.

9. What change did Britain make to India after the mutiny? • They took over formal control of Indian and abolished the East India Company.

10. What did Queen Victoria become? • Empress of India

11. What impact did British rule have upon India? • Government – a single system of law and government, provided jobs and increased educational opportunities • Economic - build roads, bridges and railroads, Indian cottage industries hurt by British competition • Health - build hospitals, introduced new medicines and provided famine relief • Social – Indians treated as inferior to European culture, Indian workers provided inexpensive labor

Other British Colonies pg. 259

12. What colony did Britain have on the tip of South Africa? • Cape Colony

13. Where else did Britain have colonies? • Canada, Australia, New Zealand Singapore

Other European Colonies pg. 259

14. What colony did France have in North Africa? • Algeria

15. Where did France intervene in the 1860 s? • Indochina

16. What colonial possessions remained Spain’s? • Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico

The “New Imperialism” pg. 259

17. When did the “New Imperialism” occur? • 1880 to 1900

18. What did the steamboat make possible in Africa? • Made it possible to go upstream, reaching the interior of Africa and other places previously to difficult to reach

19. What did the telegram make possible in Africa and Asia? • Made it possible to communicate with new settlements deep in the interior regions of Africa and Asia

20. What did railroads allow? • Shipping of goods and raw materials to and from their colonies

21. How did new medicines help? • Made it possible to explore the tropics with less risk • New medicines, like quinine to treat malaria and antiseptics • Better understanding of disease

22. What advantage did rifles give the European powers? • Used to control local people

23. Why did Britain seize control of Egypt? • To protect the Suez Canal, which provided the shortest route from Britain to India

24. What was the “White Man’s Burden” according to Rudyard Kipling and those like him? • The duty of Europeans to spread their culture to areas of Africa and Asia

25. What were the renewed reasons for imperialism? • Technology – steamships, rifles, telegraphs, better medicines • Economic motives - raw materials, new markets • Political motives - demonstrate power, preserve the balance of power • Social motives – Social Darwinism, theory that some societies were more successful because their cultures were superior, spread Christianity