Japans Pacific Campaign CHAPTER 16 SECTION 2 Day

Japan’s Pacific Campaign CHAPTER 16 SECTION 2

Day of Infamy Japan continues their conquests. Admiral Yamamoto called for an attack on the U. S. fleet in Hawaii. December 7, 1941 – Pearl Harbor was attacked. U. S. military leaders knew that an attack might come, but they didn’t know when. Within two hours – 19 ships were damaged, 8 of those were battleships. 2, 300+ Americans were killed; 1, 100 wounded. Congress accepts FDR’s request to declare war on Japan and its allies.

A Day of Infamy https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 Vq. QAf 74 fs. E

Significance Ends U. S. policy of isolationism. U. S. declares war on Japan and all of the Axis Powers.

Japanese Victories After quickly defeating Guam and Wake Island, Japan turned to the Philippines. Huge early win for Japs, used to be American territory. Gen. Mc. Arthur forced to leave. “I shall return. ”

Japanese Force By the end of 1942, Japanese conquered 150 million people. They ruled by force and were extremely cruel.

POWs Japanese were most cruel to the Allied prisoners of war. They forced 70, 000 prisoners to march more than 50 miles up the Bataan Peninsula. Only 54, 000 survived.

Bataan Death March

One POW reported: “I was questioned by a Japanese officer, who found out that I had been in a Philippine Scout Battalion. The (Japanese) hated the Scouts…Anyway, they took me outside and I was forced to watch as they buried six of my Scouts alive. They made the men dig their own graves, and then had them kneel down in a pit. The guards hit them over the head with shovels to stun them and piled earth on top. ”

Significance Demonstrated the cruelty of the Japanese regime. Japan seemed unbeatable.

The Allies Strike Back Japanese seem unbeatable. The Allies – particularly the U. S. and Australia – want to fight back.

The Allies Turn the Tide Lieutenant Doolittle bombed Tokyo in April 1942. This raised American morale. Japanese no longer felt invincible.

Island Hoping Strategy in PTO. Hop from one island to the next. Try to conquer them all!

Island Hopping - Significance Seize island that were not well defended but closer to Japan. Strategy worked well and would lead to an Allied victory.

Battle of the Coral Sea This naval battle was unusual because the ships did not fire a single shot. Instead, ships were attacked by airplanes. Allies suffered more than the Japanese. However, they kept the Japanese from moving farther south.

The Battle of Midway Japan moves onto Midway Island. American airfield Once again, the Allies break the codes and are aware that the Japanese are coming. Allies waited until Japan launched the attack and then attacked the fleet. 332 Japanese planes were destroyed. TURNING POINT OF PTO

Battle of Guadalcanal Both sides continue to bring in more troops. After fighting more than 6 months, the Japanese finally withdraw their troops. They lost 2/3 rd of their soldiers. Called the Guadalcanal “The Island of Death”.