James A Henretta Rebecca Edwards Robert O Self
James A. Henretta Rebecca Edwards Robert O. Self America’s History Seventh Edition CHAPTER 11 Religion and Reform, 1820 -1860 Copyright © 2011 by Bedford/St. Martin’s
I. Individualism: The Ethic of the Middle Class A. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Transcendentalism 1. Transcendentalism 2. The Lyceum Movement
I. Individualism: The Ethic of the Middle Class B. Emerson’s Literary Influence 1. Thoreau, Fuller, and Whitman 2. Darker Visions 3. Brook Farm
II. Rural Communalism and Urban Popular Culture A. Mother Ann Lee and the Shakers 1. The Communal Movement 2. Shaker Theology
II. Rural Communalism and Urban Popular Culture B. Arthur Brisbane and Fourierism 1. Charles Fourier 2. The Phalanxes
II. Rural Communalism and Urban Popular Culture C. John Humphrey Noyes and the Oneida Community 1. Teachings 2. The Community D. Joseph Smith and the Mormon Experience 1. Joseph Smith 2. Brigham Young and Utah
II. Rural Communalism and Urban Popular Culture E. Urban Popular Culture 1. Sex in the City 2. Minstrelsy 3. Immigrant Masses and Nativist Reaction
III. Abolitionism A. Black Social Thought: Uplift, Race Equality, and Rebellion-attempts by blacks led to violence p 345 1. David Walker’s Appeal-”to the Colored Citizens of the World”-justified slave rebellion and warned of violent justice 1829 2. Nat Turner’s Revolt- 1831 Virginia –religious mission- staged a bloody slave revolt that killed 55 whites-emancipation debated, rejected, and new strict slave restrictions implemented
III. Abolitionism B. Evangelical Abolitionism-p 349 1. William Lloyd Garrison, Theodore Weld, and Angelina and Sarah Grimké-The Liberator, assailed U. S. Constitution, co founder American Anti. Slavery Society-Bible Against. Slavery(Weld) 2. The American Anti-Slavery Society-founded 1833 Aboltionist three-pronged plan p 350 mass propaganda, underground railroad, appeals to Congress Thoreau? p 352
III. Abolitionism C. Opposition and Internal Conflict 1. Attacks on Abolitionism-majority opinion favored status quo-why? p 352 -White mobs attacked integrated places and “respectable” black institutions-ex. churches Political-Jackson? Congress Gag Order? p 352 2. Internal Divisions-explain split among Abolitionists-What new party was formed? What was its agenda? p 353
IV. The Women’s Rights Movement A. Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement-by joining reform movements women began to reject the “separate sphere” 1. Moral Reform-1834 Female Moral Reform Society 2. Improving Prisons, Creating Asylums, Expanding Education-Dorthea Dix, Horace Mann and Catherine Beecher-education reform-recruited young women as teachers
IV. The Women’s Rights Movement B. Abolitionist Women-Harriet Beecher Stowe –Uncle Toms Cabin-novel portrayed slavery as evil to families and degrading to slave women 1. Maria Stewart and Harriet Jacobs-African. American abolitionists-Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl 2. Domestic Slavery
IV. The Women’s Rights Movement C. The Program of Seneca Falls and Beyond. Declaration of Sentiments based on Declaration of Independence-Stanton and Mott 1848 1. Property-p 356 legal rights of women 2. Separate Spheres-woman’s place is home(cult of domesticity) 3. Legislative Campaign-Susan B. Anthony p 359 secured property and custody rights for women
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