Jalil Ahmed www swedishcr weebly com 1 Topics

(Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 1

Topics of presentation Ø SCADA Ø DCS (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 2

Prepared By Ø Jalil Ahmed Ø Syed Irfan Haider Ø Saeed Qadir Ø Ahsan Ali Ø Zaigham Abbas (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 3

Scada Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 4

Introduction Acronym stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Not a full control system, but rather focuses on the supervisory level Purely software package that is positioned on top of hardware Combination of telemetry and data acquisition to which it is interfaced, generally via (PLCs) or (DCS) Collecting of the information, transferring it back to the central site, carrying out any necessary analysis and control and then displaying that information on a number of operator screens or displays control actions are then conveyed back to the process. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 5

Introduction……. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 6

Introduction……. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 7

Introduction…. . (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 8

Introduction……. SCADA systems are designed to collect field information, transfer it to a central computer facility, and display the information to the operator graphically or textually, thereby allowing the operator to monitor or control an entire system a central location in real time. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 9

Intro…. . All together, the term SCADA refers to the entire central system. The central system usually monitors data from various sensors that are either in close proximity or off site. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 10

Applications of scada Electric power generation, transmission and distribution: Water and sewage: Buildings, facilities and environments: Manufacturing: Mass transit: Traffic signals: (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 11

SCADA architecture Three generations of SCADA systems: First Generation Second Generation Third Generation (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com Monolithic Distributed Networked 12

Monolithic SCADA Systems: (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 13

Distributed SCADA Systems: (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 14

Networked SCADA Systems: (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 15

Components of SCADA System Hardware SCADA system involves essentially five levels or hierarchies(System): Field level instrumentation and control devices Marshalling terminals and RTUs Communications system The master station(s) The commercial data processing department computer system (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 16

Components of SCADA System SCADA Software: SCADA may be classified as: Propriety: Companies develop proprietary software to communicate to their hardware. Open: They have high interoperability to mix different manufacturers’ equipment on same system. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 17

Key features of SCADA software User interface Graphics displays Alarms Trends RTU (and PLC) interface Scalability Access to data (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 18

Key features of SCADA software…… Database Networking Fault tolerance and Redundancy Client/server Distributed processing (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 19

SCADA Works SCADA system performs four functions: 1. Data acquisition 2. Networked data communication 3. Data presentation 4. Control These functions are performed by four kinds of SCADA Components: 1. Sensors and control relays 2. Remote telemetry units (RTUs) 3. SCADA master units 4. Communications network (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 20

Considerations and benefits of SCADA system • Overall control requirements • Sequence logic • Analog loop control • Ratio and number of analog to digital points • Speed of control and data acquisition • Master/operator control stations • Reliability/availability • Speed of communications/update time/system scan rates • System redundancy • Expansion capability (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 21

DCS Distributed Control System (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 22

DCS Introduction A type of automated control system that is distributed throughout a machine to provide instructions to different parts of the machine. Instead of having a centrally located device controlling all machines, each section of a machine has its own computer that controls the operation. For instance, there may be one machine with a section that controls dry elements of cake frosting and another section controlling the liquid elements, but each section is individually managed by a DCS. A DCS is commonly used in manufacturing equipment and utilizes input and output protocols to control the machine. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 23

Distributed Control System (DCS) (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 24

DCS Elements Local Control Unit This unit can handle 8 to 16 individual PID loops. Data Acquisition Unit Digital (discrete) and analog I/O can be handle. Batch Sequencing Unit This unit controls a timing counters, arbitrary function generators, and internal logic. Local Display This device provides analog display stations, and video display for readout. Bulk Memory Unit This unit is used to store and recall process data. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 25

DCS Elements General Purpose Computer : This unit is programmed by a customer or third party to perform optimization, advance control, expert system etc. Central Operator Display This unit typically contain several consoles for operator communication with the system, and multiple video color graphics display units Data Highway A serial digital data transmission link connecting all other components in the system. It allow for redundant data highway to reduce the risk of data loss Local area Network (LAN) (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 26

Advantages of DCS Ø Access a large amount of current information from the data highway. Ø Monitoring trends of past process conditions. Ø Readily install new on-line measurements together with local computers. Ø Alternate quickly among standard control strategies and readjust controller parameters in software. Ø A sight full engineer can use the flexibility of the framework to implement his latest controller design ideas on the host computer. Ø Digital DCS systems are more flexible. Control algorithms can be changed and control configuration can be modified without having rewiring the system. (Jalil Ahmed) www. swedishcr. weebly. com 27