IV The Domain Eukarya E Fungi 1 Overview

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: The Opisthokont Clade Fungi Choanoflagellates Animals

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” http: //sharon-taxonomy 2009 -p 2. wikispaces. com/Fungi

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” http: //www. rhizomes. net/issue 15/groves/index. html http: //www. ipm. iastate. edu/ipm/hortnews/node/98 mycelium

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” Big mushrooms Earliest fungal-like fossils (septate networks) date to 1. 4 bya, lived in benthic marine habitats. Fungi remain important decomposers in marine and freshwater ecosystems Colonized land in Cambrian, before plants; maybe as lichenous symbiotes. Prototaxites of the Silurian was 8 m tall and 1 m wide! http: //scienceblogs. com/zooillogix/2007/04/giant_prehistoric_organism_ide. php

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi http: //www. uoguelph. ca/~gbarron/N-D%20 Fungi/ndfungi. htm 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” 3. Ecological Roles - decomposers http: //www. mdfrc. org. au/projects/education/willi amsthesis. htm http: //www. carleton. ca/toxin/ http: //www. ipm. iastate. edu/ipm/hortnews/node/98 http: //kentsimmons. uwinnipeg. ca/16 cm 05/1116/16 ecosys. htm

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi http: //www. uoguelph. ca/~gbarron/N-D%20 Fungi/ndfungi. htm 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” 3. Ecological Roles - decomposers - parasites/pathogens/predators http: //doctorexclusive. com/? cat=126 http: //herbarium. usu. edu/fungi/funfacts/a nt_fung. htm http: //www. plantpath. wisc. edu/PDDCEducation/Master. Gardener/General/Slide 12. htm

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” 3. Ecological Roles - symbionts Lichens: fungus + algae or cyanobacteria http: //www. elkhornslough. org/sloughlife /plants/lichen. htm Arbuscular mycorrhizae – found in 80% of vascular plant families; in oldest vascular plant fossils (Rhynie Chert – 420 mya) http: //sarcozona. org/2009/03/18/what-do-you-know/

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. Overview: 2. “Body Plan” 3. Ecological Roles - symbionts • Increase absorptive surface area of root system • Secreted enzymes increase absorption of N and P in particular • Can connect to plants of different plant species, and even transfer nutrients between them • One species may attract and poison insects (springtails), and digest and absorb their nitrogen (up to 25% of a plants nitrogen budget!) • Present in oldest vascular plant fossils, and molecular analyses confirm an ancient association which may have been critical for plants to colonize land http: //www. ces. ncsu. edu/depts/ent/not es/Urban/springtails. htm http: //directory. leadmaverick. com/Denton-Pest. Control-Service/Dallas. Fort. Worth. Arlington/TX/10/10739/index. aspx

Phylogeny of the fungal kingdom. Galagan J E et al. Genome Res. 2005; 15: 1620 -1631 © 2005 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. 2. 3. 4. Overview: “Body Plan” Ecological Roles Generalized Life Cycle http: //faculty. clintoncc. suny. edu/faculty/michael. gregory/files/bio%20102%20 lectures/fungi. htm

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Overview: “Body Plan” Ecological Roles Generalized Life Cycle Fungal Diversity http: //sharonapbio-taxonomy. wikispaces. com/Fungi

IV. The Domain Eukarya E. Fungi 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Overview: “Body Plan” Ecological Roles Generalized Life Cycle Fungal Diversity - Chytridomycota 40% of amphibian populations are in decline worldwide, probably due to a combination of climate change, pollution, habitat loss and degradation, and chytrid fugal infections. http: //cisr. ucr. edu/chytrid_fungus. html

5. Fungal Diversity - Basidiomycota http: //www. griswold. k 12. ia. us/pcarlsonweb/fungi_kingdom. htm