IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds In Chemistry an

IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds

In Chemistry, an organic compound is one containing carbon atoms. Carbon has 4 valance electrons and makes four bonds Carbon combines with many other carbon atoms making chains and rings which other atoms can be attached. There a plethora of different organic compounds in our world.

Naming Alkane Hydrocarbons C methane C-C-C propane C-C-C-C butane C-C-C pentane C-C-C-C hexane C-C-C-C heptane

C-C-C-C-C octane C-C-C-C-C nonane C-C-C-C-C-C decane C-C-C-C-C-C undecane C-C-C-C-C-C-C dodecane

Alkyl Groups Attached to Chain methyl propyl butyl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3

Naming Alkanes- hydrocarbons with single bonds

The longest chain is octane methyl The substituents are ethyl attachments ethyl 1 8 2 C 3 C 7 C 6 4 5 5 C 4 C C C 3 C C too big Number the carbons on the longest chain so that substituents have the lowest numbers 6 2 1 C Name using alpha order for substituents Dashes between a number and a letter 4 -ethyl -3 -methyl octane start here C methyl

methyl C C 3 C C 4 C 5 C 6 2 3, 3 -dimethylhexane 1 Must use 3 twice because there are 2 methyl groups

C 4 H 10 has two structural isomers: Same formula but different structure CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 H The isomers have different connectivity and are different chemicals Try drawing a different isomer with four carbons There are no other isomers

The alkane, C 5 H 12 , has three structural isomers. Try to build three different molecules with 5 carbons and 12 hydrogens (using only single bonds), then draw it.

C 5 H 12 has the following three structural isomers: CH 3 CH 3 C CH 2 CH 3 H CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

Practice Questions

Question 1: What is the correct IUPAC name? C C

Question 1: What is the correct IUPAC name? C C Answer: butane C C

Question 2: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

Question 2: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 3 CH 2 Answer: propane CH 3

What is the correct IUPAC name? C C C 2, 2 -dimethylbutane C

Question 4: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 3 CH 2 CH CH 2 CH 3

Question 4: What is the correct IUPAC name? CH 3 C 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 3, 3–dimethyl-5 -ethyloctane 5 CH 2 CH 3

Draw the structural formula for 2 -methylbutane 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH CH 3 or CH 3 CH CH 2 CH 3 2